Search results for "WHO"

showing 10 items of 829 documents

Overdiagnosis and overimaging: an ethical issue for radiological protection

2019

Aims and objectives: This study aimed to analyse the key factors that influence the overimaging using X-ray such as self-referral, defensive medicine and duplicate imaging studies and to emphasize the ethical problem that derives from it. Materials and methods: In this study, we focused on the more frequent sources of overdiagnosis such as the total-body CT, proposed in the form of screening in both public and private sector, the choice of the most sensitive test for each pathology such as pulmonary embolism, ultrasound investigations mostly of the thyroid and of the prostate and MR examinations, especially of the musculoskeletal system. Results: The direct follow of overdiagnosis and overi…

Defensive MedicineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyThyroid GlandContrast MediaMedical OveruseoverdiagnosisSensitivity and Specificity030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingDefensive medicine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansWhole Body ImagingRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingBioethical IssuesEthicOverdiagnosisIntensive care medicineNeuroradiologyRadiation protectionethics; overdiagnosis; overimaging; radiation protectionmedicine.diagnostic_testOverimagingbusiness.industryProstatePhysician Self-ReferralInterventional radiologyGeneral MedicineRadiation ExposurePrivate sectorethicsMagnetic Resonance ImagingTest (assessment)Key factorsOverdiagnosi030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRadiological weaponRadiologybusinessLa radiologia medica
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Major and Trace Element Geochemistry of the European Kupferschiefer – An Evaluation of Analytical Techniques

2018

Simple and rapid techniques are needed for routine quantitative chemical bulk-rock analyses of Kupferschiefer, a black shale containing variable amounts of silicates, base metal sulphides, carbonates and an organic content of up to 30 weight percent. In this study, WD-XRF, TXRF, and ICP-OES of acid- as well as peroxide-digested samples were tested as potential techniques based on their availability and adaptability to analyse major (Si, Ti, Al, Mg, Ca, Fe, K, but also Cu, Zn, Pb) and selected trace (Ag, As, Ba, Co, Mo, Ni, V) element concentrations. Because of the absence of a suitable reference material, a comparative study was undertaken using instrumental neutron activation analysis to a…

Detection limitblack shaleIsotopeChemistryTrace elementAnalytical chemistrysulphidescopper oresGeneral Chemistry010501 environmental sciences010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural scienceswhole-rock geochemistryDigestion (alchemy)Geochemistry and PetrologyWD-XRFICP-OESGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesINAANeutron activation analysisOil shaleMass fractionBase metal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental Science
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Unusual Assortment of Segments in 2 Rare Human Rotavirus Genomes

2010

Using full-length genome sequence analysis, we investigated 2 rare G3P[9] human rotavirus strains isolated from children with diarrhea. The genomes were recognized as assortments of genes closely related to rotaviruses originating from cats, ruminants, and humans. Results suggest multiple transmissions of genes from animal to human strains of rotaviruses.

DiarrheaMicrobiology (medical)Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaSettore MED/17 - Malattie InfettiveEpidemiologySequence analysisvirusesMolecular Sequence DataReassortmentlcsh:Medicineinterspecies transmissionGenome ViralBiologymedicine.disease_causeGenomeRotavirus Infectionslcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseasesfluids and secretionsPhylogeneticsRotavirusfull genome sequencingmedicineG3P[9]Humanslcsh:RC109-216GeneGenotypingPhylogenyWhole genome sequencingGeneticsSequence Analysis RNAlcsh:RDispatchvirus diseasesVirologyGastroenteritiszoonosesInfectious Diseasesrotavirushuman rotavirugenotypingChild PreschoolVirusesRNA ViralreassortmentgenomesSequence AlignmentEmerging Infectious Diseases
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Innovative and Applied Research in Biology: Proceedings

2022

The collection contains SCIENTIFIC articles on the topics of the LU 80 conference reports. The main focus is on innovative and applied research in biology and interdisciplinary fields.

DiatomsRed beetroot juiceLow frequency electromagnetic radiationEU habitatsRare and threatened speciesArtificial lightCloudberry:NATURAL SCIENCES::Biology [Research Subject Categories]Pest controlYellow sticky trapsSpecially protected whorl snails (Vertigo spp.)Aquatic pollutionPoint mutationsBioindicatorsGlutathione peroxidaseGreenhouse whitefliesDuckweed Lemna minorThe Daugava RiverPro/antioxidative actionChlorophyll fluorescenceNature protectionSpecific Pollution Sensitivity Index (IPS)
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Association between dietary fibre intake and fruit, vegetable or whole-grain consumption and the risk of CVD: results from the PREvención con DIeta M…

2016

Prospective studies assessing the association between fibre intake or fibre-rich food consumption and the risk of CVD have often been limited by baseline assessment of diet. Thus far, no study has used yearly repeated measurements of dietary changes during follow-up. Moreover, previous studies included healthy and selected participants who did not represent subjects at high cardiovascular risk. We used yearly repeated measurements of diet to investigate the association between fibre intake and CVD in a Mediterranean cohort of elderly adults at high cardiovascular risk. We followed-up 7216 men (55-80 years) and women (60-80 years) initially free of CVD for up to 7 years in the PREvención con…

Dietary FiberMale0301 basic medicineprimary preventionMedicine (miscellaneous)Hazard ratiosType 2 diabetesfruitsHR hazard ratiosMI myocardial infarction0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsVegetablesClinical endpointMedicineProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyStrokeFruit consumptionAged 80 and overWhole GrainsNutrition and Dietetics:Ciencias de la Salud::Salud pública [Materias Investigacion]Primary preventionMediterranean RegionIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Hazard ratiodietary fibreDietary fibreType 2 diabetesMiddle AgedCVDFC fruit consumptionT2D type 2 diabetesCardiovascular DiseasesInfart de miocardi -- Factors de riscCohortFemaleDF dietary fibrevegetablesPREDIMED PREvención con DIeta MEDiterráneaDiet Surveys03 medical and health sciencesStatistical significanceEnvironmental healthHumansDieta -- Mediterrània Regió de laAgedProportional Hazards Models030109 nutrition & dieteticsbusiness.industryFeeding Behaviormedicine.diseaseDietMyocardial infarctionFruitbusiness
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Are the new genetic tools for diagnosis of Wilson disease helpful in clinical practice?

2020

Summary The diagnosis of Wilson disease is not always easy. For many patients, a combination of tests reflecting disturbed copper metabolism may be needed. Testing for ATP7B variants has become part of the routine diagnostic approach. The methods of genetic testing include analysis of the 21 coding exons and intronic flanking sequences, in which exons with recurrent variants would be prioritised depending on the mutation frequency in the local population. If sequencing the entire ATP7B gene cannot identify 2 variants and the suspicion for Wilson disease is high, after reviewing the clinical data, WES (whole-exome sequencing) or WGS (whole-genome sequencing) could be applied. A workflow base…

DiseaseReviewIndian childhood cirrhosisBioinformaticsDNA sequencingWES whole-exome sequencingPFIC progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasisInternal MedicinemedicineImmunology and AllergyMultiplex ligation-dependent probe amplificationWGS whole-genome sequencingExome sequencingGenetic testingWilson diseaseWhole genome sequencingWhole-genome sequencingHepatologymedicine.diagnostic_testMEDNIK syndromebusiness.industryCopper metabolismGastroenterologyMLPA multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplificationmedicine.diseaseICC Indian childhood cirrhosisNGS next-generation sequencingDMR differentially methylated regionsWhole-exome sequencingNext-generation sequencingbusinessICT idiopathic or primary copper toxicosisCDG congenital disorders of glycosylationGenetic diseasesJHEP Reports
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Rediscovery of the allegedly “destroyed” holotype of Weltrichia fabrei Saporta, 1891 from the Rhaetian?/Hettangian of Lozère (Southern France)

2018

7 pages; International audience; A sandstone slab bearing plant macro-remains was rediscovered during recent investigations led in the buildings of the old Musée Ignon-Fabre (Mende) which were closed in 1995 and emptied in 2003. The study of the slab clearly allows it to be identified as the holotype of Weltrichia fabrei Saporta, 1891 which has been considered destroyed since the end of the 20th Century. Gaston de Saporta described this Bennettitalean fructification based on a cast and considered the type locality as Rhaetian in age. In the present paper, based on the holotype, W. fabrei was revised in order to describe and illustrate the specimen in detail. It consists of a cup with one wh…

Dorsum010506 paleontology010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesSedimentary depositional environmentPaleontologyApex (mollusc)BennettitaleanSporophyll0105 earth and related environmental sciencesgeographyBassin des Caussesgeography.geographical_feature_categoryWhorl (mollusc)Early JurassicHolotypePaleontologyGeologyJurassique inférieurCausses Basin.RidgeBennettitales[SDE]Environmental SciencesType locality[SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/PaleontologyWilliamsoniaceaeGeologyGeodiversitas
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Highly convergent total synthesis of (+)-anaferine and (−)-dihydrocuscohygrine

2019

A unified and highly convergent total synthesis of anaferine and dihydrocuscohygrine alkaloids has been devised, taking advantage of the dual role of N-sulfinyl amines as nucleophilic nitrogen sources and chiral auxiliaries. A bidirectional cross metathesis reaction followed by a double intramolecular aza-Michael reaction led us to create the whole skeleton of the natural products in a very simple manner.

Dual roleNucleophile010405 organic chemistryChemistryIntramolecular forceWhole skeletonOrganic ChemistrySalt metathesis reactionTotal synthesis010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciencesOrganic Chemistry Frontiers
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European Sero-Epidemiology Network 2: standardisation of immunoassay results for pertussis requires homogeneity in the antigenic preparations.

2008

A standardisation process, already developed during the earlier European Sero-Epidemiology Network (ESEN) project, was employed with a more robust algorithm to harmonise results of pertussis serological assays performed in 12 European and non-European countries. Initially, results from each country's own assay were compared with those obtained at the reference laboratory by means of an in-house pertussis toxin (PT)-based ELISA: seven countries used in-house or commercial PT-ELISAs; the other countries used assays based on Bordetella pertussis whole cell extracts (WCE) (three countries) or on combined PT-FHA (filamentous haemagglutinin) antigenic preparations (two countries). The WCE assays,…

ESEN (European Sero-Epidemiology Network) Pertussis sero-epidemiology Immunoassay standardisation Pertussis antigenic preparationsBordetella pertussisSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaWhooping CoughPertussis toxinBordetella pertussisSerologyAntigenmedicineSero epidemiologyHumansLow correlationWhooping coughImmunoassayPertussis VaccineAntigens BacterialGeneral VeterinaryGeneral Immunology and Microbiologymedicine.diagnostic_testbiologybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVirologyAntibodies BacterialEuropeInfectious DiseasesImmunoassayImmunologyCalibrationMolecular MedicinebusinessVaccine
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Impacts of sovereign risk premium on bank profitability: Evidence from euro area

2021

We analyse the effects of low and negative interest rates and sovereign risk premium on bank profitability among 154 Eurozone banks during the period 2005–2019. In contrast to some of the results in the previous literature, we find that the euro area banks have not suffered too much from the extremely low and negative interest rate era regarding their net interest margins. However, the overall profitability has lowered clearly during the sample period, and the sovereign risk premium has a robust negative effect on all the overall profitability measures, both with risk-adjustment and without it, but it seems to have an increasing effect on the degree of wholesale funding and loan loss provis…

Economics and Econometricseuroaluepankitmedia_common.quotation_subjectMonetary policySample (statistics)Monetary economicskannattavuuskorkopolitiikkaUnconventional monetary policyBanking sectorInterest ratekorkoNegative interest ratesLoanWholesale fundingEconomicsSovereign risk premiumProfitability indexBank profitabilityFinancemedia_commonCredit riskInternational Review of Financial Analysis
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