Search results for "X-Ray Absorptiometry"
showing 10 items of 25 documents
Bone status in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes: a 10-year longitudinal study
2020
Introduction: This study presents a 10-year longitudinal assessment of bone status in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Material and methods: Thirty-two patients (12 female, aged 20.5 ± 3.93 years, T1D duration 13.9 ± 1.97 years) were studied using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Standard deviation scores (SDS) for these results were calculated. The following clinical parameters were analysed: sex, age, T1D duration, anthropometric parameters, daily insulin requirement (DIR), mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in the year preceding the examination, medication other than insulin, history of bone fractures, and comorbidities. Res…
Body composition as a predictor of physical performance in older age : A ten- year follow-up of the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study
2018
Background: This study assessed how different measures of body composition predict physical performance ten years later among older adults. Methods: The participants were 1076 men and women aged 57 to 70 years. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis) were measured at baseline and physical performance (Senior Fitness Test) ten years later. Linear regression analyses were adjusted for age, education, smoking, duration of the follow-up and physical activity. Results: Greater BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and percent body fat were associated with poorer physical performance in both sexes (standardized regression coefficient [beta…
Bone mineral density of the proximal femur after hip resurfacing arthroplasty: 1-year follow-up study
2011
Abstract Background Hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) is considered a bone-preserving procedure and may eliminate proximal femoral stress shielding and osteolysis. However, in addition to implant-related stress-shielding factors, various patient-related factors may also have an effect on bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal femur in patients with HRA. Thus, we studied the effects of stem-neck angle, demographic variables, and physical functioning on the BMD of the proximal femur in a one-year follow-up. Methods Thirty three patients (9 females and 24 males) with a mean (SD) age of 55 (9) years were included in the study. BMD was measured two days and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperative…
Preliminary Findings: 25(OH)D Levels and PTH Are Indicators of Rapid Bone Accrual in Pubertal Children
2007
The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of serum levels of 25(OH)D and PTH on the accumulation of whole body bone mass in a cohort of children.This was a longitudinal study (1.98 +/- 0.07 y) of sixty-nine children (89% Caucasian, 44% male) enrolled in a calcium supplementation trial. Bone area, bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) of the whole body and radius were assessed using a QDR 2000 (Hologic, Inc) dual energy x-ray absorptiometer. Serum PTH and 25(OH)D were measured using radioimmunoassays.Vitamin D stores were inversely related gain in bone area (p0.002), BMC (p0.002) BMD (p0.027), as well as to PTH levels (p0.0001). Compared to those with adequate vitamin D sto…
Assessing appendicular skeletal muscle mass with bioelectrical impedance analysis in free-living Caucasian older adults
2015
Background & aims: Aging is characterized by a loss of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) leading to physical disability and death. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is reliable in estimating ASMM but no prediction equations are available for elderly Caucasian subjects. The aim of the study was to develop and validate an equation derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to predict appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) in healthy Caucasian elderly subjects, taking dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the reference method, and comparing the reliability of the new equation with another BIA-based model developed by Kyle etal. (Kyle UG, Genton L, Hans D, Pichard C, 200…
Skeletal status assessed by quantitative ultrasound and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in children with inflammatory bowel disease: A 2-year prospe…
2019
PURPOSE To assess the bone status in children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurement and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and after two years of adequate treatment of the IBD and bone protection medication. METHODS Sixteen children (six boys) with IBD, aged 13.4±2.4 years, were examined at baseline and two years later. DXA was used to asses bone mineral density (BMD) and reference data were provided by the device's manufacturer (Hologic Explorer). QUS measurements were performed in patients and controls - 48 healthy children. RESULTS Mean Z-scores for TB- and s-BMD were significantly below zero for both, baseline and follow-u…
Short-Term Precision Error of Bone Strain Index, a New DXA-Based Finite Element Analysis Software for Assessing Hip Strength
2020
Abstract Bone Strain Index (BSI) is a new finite element analysis tool applied to hip dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. The aim of this study was to assess the short-term precision error of BSI on the proximal femur, both on a phantom and patients. The International Society for Clinical Densitometry guidelines were followed for short-term precision error assessment. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements were performed on an anthropomorphic femur phantom that was scanned twice for 30 times, for a total of 60 scans. For the in vivo part, 30 subjects were scanned twice. BSI precision error was compared to that of bone mineral density (BMD). Both for the phantom and the in vivo st…
Appendicular Muscle Mass, Thigh Intermuscular Fat Infiltration, and Risk of Fall in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Elder Women
2020
<b><i>Background:</i></b> The association between the quantity and composition of skeletal muscle and the decline in physical function in elderly is poorly understood. Therefore, the primary aim of this cross-over study was to investigate the association between thigh intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) infiltration, appendicular muscle mass, and risk of fall in postmenopausal osteoporotic elder women. Second, we examined the differences in muscle mass, IMAT, and risk of fall in the same sample of older subjects after being classified as sarcopenic or nonsarcopenic on the basis of the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-based Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Inde…
Body composition with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: from basics to new tools
2020
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in nowadays considered one of the most versatile imaging techniques for the evaluation of metabolic bone disorders such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia and obesity. The advantages of DXA over other imaging techniques are the very low radiation dose, its accuracy and simplicity of use. In addition, fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) values by DXA shows very good accuracy compared to that of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. In this review we will explain the technical working principles of body composition with DXA, together with the possible limitations and pitfalls that should be avoided in daily routine to produce high-quality DXA examina…
The assessment of skeletal status in young patients with Turner syndrome by 2 densitometric techniques: Phalangeal quantitative ultrasound and dual e…
2018
Background. Studies using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) demonstrate a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents with Turner syndrome (TS). However, these studies do not take into account changes in bone size, which influence BMD in the case of short-statured patients. Phalangeal quantitative ultrasound (phQUS) measurements have shown an ability to reveal changes due to skeletal growth, aging, and bone and mineral disorders. There is limited data on bone mineral status in girls with TS assessed by 2 different techniques, i.e., DXA and phQUS. Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential negative impact of TS on bone status and to assess…