Search results for "X-ray computed"
showing 10 items of 794 documents
A new method for the placement of brachytherapy probes in paranasal sinus and nasopharynx neoplasms
1999
Abstract Purpose: In afterloading therapy, the exact placement of the applicator is crucial for the result of radiotherapy. A deviation of few millimeters from the target leads to a significant reduction of radiation energy to the tumor. Methods and Materials: We present a new method using a computer-assisted device for three-dimensional placing of afterloading probes based on CT scans that allows for the exact placement. Results: Target points have been reached with an accuracy of 0.6 mm. Since 1991 we have used this technique for 24 clinical applications in 11 patients with recurrent neoplasms in the region of the paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx for palliative treatment. Conclusions: Th…
Cerebral blood flow, computerized tomography and angiography in 562 cases of cerebrovascular insufficiency
1987
The measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in addition to cerebral computerized tomography (CT) and angiography is most reliable in cases of transient ischemic attacks (TIA) and prolonged reversible ischemic neurologic deficits (PRIND). Alterations of CBF can be detected in symptom-free intervals. The cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 stimulus is regarded as an especially suitable tool to prove the cerebrovascular reserve. If it is diminished, cerebral angiography should be carried out since it will often show major obstructive lesions. Angiography shows no sure correlation between CBF and collateral circulation. Strong opthalmic pathways in unilateral occlusion of the internal carotid ar…
Traumatic damage to the cartilage influences outcome of anatomically reduced acetabular fractures: A medium-term retrospective analysis
2011
We reviewed 77 patients with an acetabular fracture, treated operatively through a non-extensile approach after an average time of 45 months. The ilioinguinal approach was chosen in 41, the Kocher-Langenbeck approach in 36 patients. Following the Letournel classification, the most frequent lesions were posterior wall (26%), two-column (22.1%) and anterior column (14.3%) fractures. Subchondral impaction, intra-articular fracture fragments and fracture comminution, called modifiers, could be identified in the preoperative CT-data of 38 patients (49.4%). Patients were operated after an average of 4 days. Average hospital stay was 19 days. Sciatic nerve and peroneal nerve palsy were registered …
Non-invasive determination of cartilage thickness throughout joint surfaces using magnetic resonance imaging.
1997
Abstract Data on articular cartilage thickness in the living are important for the design of computer models, aimed at preoperatively assessing the effect of surgical procedures on joint contact and load transmission, and for the calculation of cartilage material properties from its deformational behavior as determined during arthroscopy. A non-invasive method for measuring cartilage thickness in living subjects is, however, not available. A technique based on magnetic resonance imaging has therefore been tested for assessing articular cartilage thickness throughout joint surfaces. The accuracy is determined by comparing cartilage thickness maps obtained from three patellar specimens with a…
Multiple renal aspergillus abscesses in an AIDS patient: contrast-enhanced helical CT and MRI findings.
1999
Renal insufficiency or allergic reactions for X-ray contrast agents are frequent limitations in immunocompromised hosts such as neutropenic or AIDS patients. Due to a better tolerance of contrast agents in MRI, this technique is well suited for investigation of parenchymal organs. We demonstrate an allergic AIDS patient who presented with fever and flank pain. At sonography, anechoic renal lesions were supposed to be non-complicated cysts; however, on T2-weighted MRI, the center was of high signal. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the kidneys demonstrated an enhancing rim with ill-defined margins. The lesions were supposed to be multiple bilateral abscesses. Due to the multiple dynamic cont…
Long-term leisure time physical activity and properties of bone: A twin study
2009
Effects of physical activity on bone properties, when controlled for genetic effects, are not fully understood. We aimed to study the association between long-term leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and bone properties using twin pairs known to be discordant for leisure time physical activity for at least 30 yr. Volumetric BMD and geometric properties were measured at the tibia shaft and distal end using pQCT in 16 middle-aged (50-74 yr) same-sex twin pairs (seven monozygotic [MZ] and nine dizygotic [DZ] pairs) selected from a population-based cohort. Paired differences between active and inactive co-twins were studied. Active members of MZ twin pairs had larger cortical bone cross-secti…
Conservative vs. Surgical Management of Post-Traumatic Epidural Hematoma: A Case and Review of Literature
2015
Patient: Male, 30 Final Diagnosis: Acute epidural hematoma Symptoms: — Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Observation Specialty: Neurosurgery Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Trauma is the leading cause of death in people younger than 45 years and head injury is the main cause of trauma mortality. Although epidural hematomas are relatively uncommon (less than 1% of all patients with head injuries and fewer than 10% of those who are comatose), they should always be considered in evaluation of a serious head injury. Patients with epidural hematomas who meet surgical criteria and receive prompt surgical intervention can have an excellent prognosis, presumably owing to limited unde…
Unilateral laryngeal and hypoglossal paralysis (Tapia's syndrome) in a patient with an inflammatory pseudotumor of the neck
2012
Tapia’s syndrome (TS) is a rare condition thought tobe causedby njury to the extracranial course of both recurrent laryngeal branch f the vagal nerve and hypoglossal nerve. First described in 1904, t occurs with unilateral paralysis of the vocal cord and tongue, ith normal function of the soft palate. Commonly reported causes re direct trauma, neurofibromatosis of X and XII nerves, carotid rtery dissection involving the ascending pharyngeal artery, and isplacement of endotracheal tube during general anesthesia [1].
Role of i-CT, i-US, and Neuromonitoring in Surgical Management of Brain Cavernous Malformations and Arteriovenous Malformations: A Case Series.
2022
OBJECTIVE: We retrospectively reviewed the institutional experience in patients who underwent microsurgical resection of cavernous malformations (CMs) or arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) using a multimodal intraoperative protocol including neuronavigation, intraoperative ultrasound (i-US), computed tomography (i-CT), and neuromonitoring.METHODS: Twenty-four patients (14 male), with a mean age of 47.5 years (range 27 - 73), have been included: 20 of them suffered from CMs and 4 suffered from AVMs.Neuromonitoring was used in 18 cases, when lesions were located in eloquent areas; 2 patients underwent awake craniotomy. First, an i-CT scan with and without contrast was acquired after patient p…
MAGIC-5: an Italian mammographic database of digitised images for research
2008
The implementation of a database of digitised mammograms is discussed. The digitised images were collected beginning in 1999 by a community of physicists in collaboration with radiologists in several Italian hospitals as a first step in developing and implementing a computer-aided detection (CAD) system. All 3,369 mammograms were collected from 967 patients and classified according to lesion type and morphology, breast tissue and pathology type. A dedicated graphical user interface was developed to visualise and process mammograms to support the medical diagnosis directly on a high-resolution screen. The database has been the starting point for developing other medical imaging applications,…