Search results for "Xylitol"

Involvement of osmotic cell shrinkage on the proton extrusion rate in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2001

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been subjected to hyperosmotic shocks by using permeating (sorbitol, xylitol, glycerol, NaCl) and nonpermeating (PEG 600) solutes. The proton extrusion rate decreased as the osmotic pressure increased, whichever solute was used. However, the total inhibition of the cellular H+ extrusion depended on the solute used. A total inhibition was observed at about 20 MPa with glycerol, xylitol and sorbitol. With PEG 600, a total inhibition of extracellular acidification was obtained at 8.5 MPa. NaCl, with an extracellular pressure of 37.8 MPa (near saturation), did not completely inhibit the extracellular acidification. These results showed that the total inhibition of p…

Nutraceuticals in gummy candies form prepared from lacto-fermented lupine protein concentrates, as high-quality protein source, incorporated withCitr…

2018

In vitro quantitative comparison of erosive potential of infant mouthwashes on glass ionomer cement

2018

Background The widespread use of mouthwashes, specially in children, is a concern, since the long-term use may modify the topography of dental materials. However, this process still unclear regarding the wear related to infant mouthwashes on glass ionomer cement. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was evaluate the erosive potential of infant mouthwashes on glass ionomer cement specimens. Material and methods Forty round-shaped specimens were divided into 4 groups (N=10) and submitted to erosive cycling for 15 days, being exposed 2X/day in the following children's active agents mouthwash solutions: G1- cetylpyridinium chloride, G2- xylitol and triclosan and G3 - Malva sylvestris and xyl…

Adaptive Processes Concerned with Absorption and Metabolism of Xylitol

1969

The turnover rate of a monosaccharide or poly alcohol in most cases depends on the mode of application. With the exception of glucose or galactose carbohydrates are metabolized faster after intravenous application than after oral application. This shows, that absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract is a rate limiting factor. Dealing with adaptive processes we therefore have to be concerned with absorptive mechanisms on one hand and enzymatic reactions in the cellular metabolism on the other hand.

The effects of equal caloric amounts of xylitol, sucrose and starch on insulin requirements and blood glucose levels in insulin-dependent diabetics

1981

Xylitol has been suggested as a potentially useful sweetener in the diabetic diet. In 14 insulin-dependent diabetics a standard diabetic diet regimen was compared with diets in which starch was isocalorically exchanged in the breakfast meal by either 30 g xylitol or 30 g sucrose. Insulin requirement and blood glucose were measured using a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. The results following breakfast with xylitol were similar to those after starch breakfasts. Sucrose, in contrast, induced a greater post-prandial rise in blood glucose levels despite counter-regulation by the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system. Insulin requirement after sucrose significantly exceeded (p l…

Die Verwertbarkeit von Xylit als Nahrungskohlenhydrat und seine Vertr�glichkeit

1961

Die Verwertung von per os gegebenem Xylit wird durch das Auftreten osmotisch bedingter Durchfalle infolge der langsamen Resorption begrenzt. Die Verhaltnisse liegen hier analog wie bei Sorbit, Mannose, Xylose und anderen Kohlenhydraten. 10% Xylit im Futter werden symptomlos vertragen und im Stoffwechsel calorisch verwertet, wie aus Wachstumskurven, Protein-Efficiency und Fortpflanzung hervorgeht. Auch die Verfutterung wesentlich hoherer Xylitdosen bedingt keine anatomisch-histologisch. nachweisbare Schaden. Bei Verfutterung von 15% Xylit im Futter werden hochstens Spuren Xylit im Harn ausgeschieden.

Hemmung der Fettsäureoxydation als ein Faktor bei der antiketogenen Wirkung von Zuckern und Polyalkoholen

1966

Die Wirkung von Fructose, Glucose, Sorbit, Xylit, Ribit und Glycerin auf die Oxydation von14C-Palmitinsaure durch gesunde und diabetische Ratten wurde untersucht. Die uber die Norm gesteigerte Fettsaureoxydation bei diabetischen Tieren wird durch Dauerinfusion aller untersuchten Kohlenhydrate mit Ausnahme von Glucose signifikant gehemmt. Die starkste Wirkung hat Sorbit; dann folgen Xylit, Fructose und Glycerin; Ribit hat die schwachste Wirkung.

The adenine nucleotide content of rat liver during infusions of carbohydrates and polyols

1972

Injection of large doses of fructose, sorbitol, or a mixture of glucose, fructose and xylitol in rats causes a drop of liver ATP, total adenine nucleotides and Pi and a rise of AMP, which is in agreement with data from the literature. These changes are considered as a transient disturbance of homeostasis by compounds which are rapidly phosporylated in the liver. This is confirmed by the fact that during continuous infusion of these and other compounds at doses of 1,5 g · kg−1 · h−1 there was no such change. It is concluded that infusions of fructose or of the other carbohydrates tested with rates not exceeding those recommended for parenteral nutrition (0,5 g · kg−1 · h−1) are not likely to…

Die Vertr�glichkeit von Xylit beim Diabetiker

1963

In Doppelbelastungsversuchen bekamen Diabetiker und Nichtdiabetiker zweimal in 30 min Abstand 5 oder 8,75 g Xylit intravenos. Blutzuckerspiegel und Xylitspiegel im Blut wurden in verschiedenen Zeitabstanden gepruft. Xylitausscheidung im Harn und Glucoseausscheidung wurden bestimmt. Auf die Xylitbelastungen erfolgte kein Blutzuckeranstieg. Zwischen Diabetikern und Nichtdiabetikern ergaben sich keine Unterschiede. In allen Fallen wurden die Xylitinjektionen gut vertragen.

From strong to fragile glass formers: secondary relaxation in polyalcohols.

2002

We have studied details of the molecular origin of slow secondary relaxation near T(g) in a series of neat polyalcohols by means of dielectric spectroscopy and (2)H NMR. From glycerol to threitol, xylitol, and sorbitol the appearance of the secondary relaxation changes gradually from a wing-type scenario to a pronounced beta peak. It is found that in sorbitol the dynamics of the whole molecule contributes equally to the beta process, while in glycerol the hydrogen bond forming OH groups remain rather rigid compared to the hydrogens bonded to the carbon skeleton.