Search results for "absorption"

showing 10 items of 2701 documents

Excitons and nonlinear optical spectra in conjugated polymers.

1992

Excitons in conjugated polymers are studied theoretically in the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model supplemented by long-range Coulomb interactions. The relationship between exciton energies and basic interaction parameters is clarified. Linear and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities (two-photon absorption, electroabsorption, and third-harmonic generation) have been calculated, elucidating the significance of singlet and triplet excitons and unbound electron-hole pairs. Using only moderate interaction strength, various experiments in polydiacetylene can be interpreted in a consistent way

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencechemistryCondensed matter physicsExcitonCoulombPolymerSinglet stateConjugated systemAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Molecular physicsBiexcitonSpectral linePhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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Carbon fibre composite materials produced by gamma radiation induced curing of epoxy resins

2008

It is well known that ionizing radiation can initiate polymerization of suitable monomers for many applications. In this work an epoxy dlfunctional monomer has been used as matrix of a carbon fibre composite in order to produce materials through gamma radiation, for aerospace and advanced automotive applications. Radiation curing has been performed at different absorbed doses and, as comparison, also thermal curing of the same monomer formulations has been done. Furthermore some Irradiated samples have been also subjected to a post Irradiation thermal curing in order to complete the polymerization reactions. The properties of the cured materials have been studied by moisture absorption isot…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceionising radiationPolymerEpoxychemistry.chemical_compoundPhysics and Astronomy (all)MonomerchemistryPolymerizationFlexural strengthvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumIrradiationComposite materialThermal analysisepoxy resins moisture absorptionCuring (chemistry)polymerisation
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EFFECT OF MOISTURE ON THE BULK PROPERTIES OF SALTED POLY(CAPROAMIDE).

1980

The glass-transition temperature (Tg) and the elastic modulus of nylon-6 and its mixtures with 4% w/w LiCl and with 2% LiCl+3% LiBr were investigated. In one set of experiments care was taken to avoid absorption of moisture during the measurements. In another set of experiments, samples were exposed to atmospheric humidity for different lengths of time. Both unoriented and oriented specimens were investigated. The presence of 4% LiCl almost doubles the amount of moisture absorbed at equilibrium by nylon-6. The Tg was found to be greatly affected by the moisture content and by salt type. When strict precautions to exclude moisture are taken, the addition of 4% LiCl raises the Tg of nylon-6 b…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMoistureAtmospheric moistureChemistryCaproamideGeneral EngineeringAnalytical chemistrySalt (chemistry)Absorption (chemistry)Composite materialWater contentElastic modulusAtmospheric humidity
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Biological effects of short-chain fatty acids in nonruminant mammals.

1993

propionate, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), cholesterol, cell prolifera­ tion, human gastric lipase

chemistry.chemical_classificationNutrition and DieteticsCholesterolMedicine (miscellaneous)Fatty acidBiological activityButyrateMetabolismBiologyFatty Acids VolatileDietary FatsAbsorptionIntestineschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryFermentationPropionateAnimalsGastric lipaseIntestinal MucosaDigestionEnergy MetabolismAnnual review of nutrition
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Intestinal conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid in the rat

1993

Abstract The arachidonic acid (C20:4, n-6) appearing in intestinal lymph during linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6) absorption may originate from enterocyte synthesis or from the liver either after secretion in biliary phospholipids at the same time dietary linoleic acid absorption occurs or via plasma. The radioactivity measured in the total bile collected during the 6 hours of linoleic acid absorption is too small to explain hepatic origin of the C20:4 detected by high performance liquid chromatography analysis of labeled fatty acids recovered in the lymph, in the intestinal mucosa, and the intestinal wall at the peak of linoleic acid intestinal absorption. This study confirms the probability that…

chemistry.chemical_classificationNutrition and DieteticsEnterocyteEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismLinoleic acidClinical BiochemistryBiologyBiochemistryIntestinal absorptionchemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryIntestinal mucosaBiochemistrymedicineArachidonic acidLymphDigestionMolecular BiologyPolyunsaturated fatty acidThe Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
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Vibronic structure in triatomic molecules : The hydrocarbon flame bands of the formyl radical (HCO). A theoretical study

1998

A theoretical study of the vibrational structure of the math 2A′ ground and math 2A′ excited states of the formyl radical, HCO, and its deuterated form, DCO, has been performed. The potential energy surfaces have been computed by means of a multiconfigurational perturbative method, CASPT2. The computed geometries and the harmonic and anharmonic frequencies are successfully compared to the available experimental information. The vibrational intensities of the transition math 2A′↔math 2A′ have been computed both for absorption and emission. The results lead to accurate determinations of several structural parameters and some reassignments of the vibrational transitions of the so-called hydroc…

chemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic compounds ; Free radicals ; Potential energy surfaces ; Vibronic states ; Vibrational statesChemistryTriatomic moleculeAnharmonicityGeneral Physics and AstronomyFree radicalsVibronic statesPotential energyUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaHydrocarbonDeuteriumExcited statePotential energy surfacesOrganic compoundsVibrational statesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)Atomic physicsPhysics::Chemical Physics:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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Bioavailability of antihypertensive lactoferricin B-derived peptides: Transepithelial transport and resistance to intestinal and plasma peptidases

2013

The transepithelial transport of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory and antihypertensive lactoferricin B (LfcinB)-derived hexapeptide LfcinB20-25 (RRWQWR) and of its two main fragments RWQ and WQ were investigated using a human intestinal cell (Caco-2) monolayer. The three peptides were susceptible to the action of brush-border peptidases. Intact LfcinB20-25 was not transported across Caco-2 whereas RWQ and WQ were both absorbed through the cell monolayer. Apparent permeability (Papp) values for absorptive transport across the monolayer were 0.7×10-8cms-1 (RWQ) and 3.9×10-8cms-1 (WQ). The effect of pathway-selective inhibitors on peptide absorption suggested paracellular d…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPeptideAbsorption (skin)Applied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBioavailabilitychemistry.chemical_compoundEnzymechemistryBiochemistryIntestinal mucosaLactoferricinParacellular transportRenin–angiotensin systemFood Science
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Conductivity and light-induced absorption in BaTiO3

1990

A charge transport model including deep and shallow traps explains both the nonlinear relation between photoconductivity and light intensity and the light-induced absorption in BaTiO3. A correlation between measurements of photoconductivity and light-induced absorption as a function of temperature yields parameters for the shallow center, among them thermal activation energy and generation rate.

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryPhotoconductivityGeneral EngineeringGeneral ChemistryActivation energyConductivityMolecular physicsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceLight intensityOpticschemistryElectrical resistivity and conductivityAbsorptanceGeneral Materials ScienceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)businessInorganic compoundApplied Physics A Solids and Surfaces
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Shallow-donor impurities in indium selenide investigated by means of far-infrared spectroscopy.

1992

Shallow impurities in n-type indium selenide (InSe) have been investigated by means of Fourier-transform spectroscopy in the far-infrared region. Three electric dipole transitions have been identified: 1s-2${\mathit{p}}_{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, 1s-2${\mathit{p}}_{0}$, and 1s-3${\mathit{p}}_{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, corresponding to electrons bound to native donors and tin-, silicon-, and chlorine-related donors, whose ionization energies (17.6, 18.1, 18.8, and 19 meV, respectively) have been determined through the Guerlach-Pollmann model. That model was also used to calculate the oscillator strengths of those dipole transitions, and then to estimate the shallow-donor concentr…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysicsDipoleAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicschemistryOscillator strengthProduct (mathematics)Electric dipole transitionAtomic physicsInorganic compoundSpectral lineShallow donorPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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Counterion-Mediated Crossing of the Cyanine Limit in Crystals and Fluid Solution: Bond Length Alternation and Spectral Broadening Unveiled by Quantum…

2020

Absorption spectra of cyanine⊕·Br⊖ salts show a remarkable solvent dependence in non/polar solvents, exhibiting narrow, sharp band shapes in dichloromethane but broad features in toluene; this chan...

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysics::Biological PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesAbsorption spectroscopyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryQuantum chemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryFluid solutionchemistryChemical physicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsCounterionCyanineDoppler broadeningDichloromethane
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