Search results for "acids"
showing 10 items of 3520 documents
Expression of PSA-NCAM and synaptic proteins in the amygdala of psychiatric disorder patients.
2011
Neuroimaging has revealed structural abnormalities in the amygdala of different psychiatric disorders. The polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM), a molecule related to neuronal structural plasticity, which expression is altered in schizophrenia, major depression and in animal models of these disorders, may participate in these changes. However, PSA-NCAM has not been studied in the human amygdala. To know whether its expression and that of presynaptic markers, was affected in psychiatric disorders, we have analyzed post-mortem sections from the Stanley Neuropathology Consortium, which includes controls, schizophrenia, bipolar and major depression patients. PSA-NCAM was expr…
Familial HDL deficiency due to ABCA1 gene mutations with or without other genetic lipoprotein disorders
2004
Mutations in ABCA1 have been shown to be the cause of Tangier disease (TD) and some forms of familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HA), two genetic disorders characterized by low plasma HDL levels. Here we report six subjects with low HDL, carrying seven ABCA1 mutations, six of which are previously unreported. Two mutations (R557X and H160FsX173) were predicted to generate short truncated proteins; two mutations (E284K and Y482C) were located in the first extracellular loop and two (R1901S and Q2196H) in the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of ABCA1. Two subjects found to be compound heterozygotes for ABCA1 mutations did not have overt clinical manifestations of TD. Three subjects, all with prema…
Altered endocannabinoid-dynamics in craniopharyngioma patients and their association with HPA-axis disturbances.
2021
Objective Patients with craniopharyngioma (CP) frequently suffer from morbid obesity. Endocannabinoids (ECs) are involved in weight gain and rewarding behavior but have not been investigated in this context. Design Cross-sectional single-center study. Methods Eighteen patients with CP and 16 age- and sex-matched controls were included. Differences in endocannabinoids (2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA)) and endocannabinoid-like molecules (oleoyl ethanolamide (OEA), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and arachidonic acid (AA) were measured at baseline and following endurance exercise. We further explored ECs-dynamics in relation to markers of HPA-axis activity (ACT…
Pain-induced alterations in the individual non-esterified fatty acids in serum.
1979
Changes of individual non-esterified fatty acids in serum were studied in 7 metabolically healthy patients, suffering from idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, who underwent electrocoagulation of gasserian ganglion under neurolepthypalgesia. The mean concentration of fatty acids increased by about 40% during the strong surgical pain stimulus. The increased lipolysis affected all individual fatty acids in proportion to the ratio of their presence in adipose tissue. The mechanism of pain-induced activation of lipase and possible consequences of alterations in individual non-esterified fatty acids are discussed.
Association of selected ABC gene family single nucleotide polymorphisms with postprandial lipoproteins: results from the population-based Hortega stu…
2009
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of twenty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes on the plasmatic concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), HDL and LDL cholesterol (HDLc, LDLc) in the postprandial state with a representative Spanish Caucasian population (1473 individuals, 50.0% women, ages ranging 21-85 years). In men, subjects with the AA genotype of the ABCA1 rs2230806 (R219K) polymorphism were associated with increased plasma LDLc levels, while the ABCA1 haplotype, which included the rs2230806 A allele, was associated with higher TC and LDLc plasma concentrations. In women, significant relationships were found between rs18935…
Resistance Training Induces Antiatherogenic Effects on Metabolomic Pathways
2019
INTRODUCTION Arising evidence suggests that resistance training has the potential to induce beneficial modulation of biomarker profile. To date, however, only immediate responses to resistance training have been investigated using high-throughput metabolomics whereas the effects of chronic resistance training on biomarker profile have not been studied in detail. METHODS A total of 86 recreationally active healthy men without previous systematic resistance training background were allocated into (i) a resistance training (RT) group (n = 68; age, 33 ± 7 yr; body mass index, 28 ± 3 kg·m) and (ii) a non-RT group (n = 18; age, 31 ± 4 yr; body mass index, 27 ± 3 kg·m). Blood samples were collecte…
Double-blind cross-over study with oral alpha-ketoacids in patients with chronic renal failure.
1980
In 15 ambulatory patients with renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance, 9.9 +/- 3.0 ml/min) the effect of oral supplementation with alpha-ketoacids has been compared with that of placebo. The protein intake amounted to 0.55 g protein per kilogram body weight of high biological value, as estimated by dietary recordings. After a control period of 3 months the patients received, in a double-blind study, 1.05 g alpha-ketoacids/10 kg body weight per day or a placebo for 6 weeks with a subsequent cross-over. Fasting blood samples were analyzed at 3-week intervals for routine laboratory parameters and 17 proteins. Anthropometric and clinical data have been recorded every 3 weeks. While therapy w…
Blood lipids, homocysteine, stress factors, and vitamins in clinically stable multiple sclerosis patients
2009
Abstract Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients present a decrease of antioxidants and neuroprotective and immunoregulatory vitamins and an increase of total homocysteine (tHcy), cholesterol (CHL), HDL-cholesterol, and of cellular stress markers, variably associated with the different phases of the disease. We compared the blood levels of uric acid, folic acid, vitamins B12, A, and E, tHcy, CHL, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides in forty MS patients during a phase of clinical inactivity with those of eighty healthy controls, matched for age and sex. We found higher levels of tHcy (p = 0.032) and of HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.001) and lower levels of vitamin E (p = 0.001) and the ratio vitamin E/CHL …
Ocular surface assessment in soft contact lens wearers; the contribution of tear osmolarity among other tests.
2014
: Purpose: To determine whether tear osmolarity contributes to the assessment of the ocular surface in soft contact lens (CL) wearers. Methods: Prospective, case–control series in 44 CL wearers (28 tolerant and 16 intolerant) and 34 healthy subjects. Every patient underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination with a tear osmolarity test (TearLab System), conjunctival impression cytology and meibomian lipid sampling. Symptoms, break-up time (BUT), tear osmolarity, conjunctival expression of HLA-DR and meibomian fatty acid composition were evaluated. Results: Tear osmolarity did not differ between controls and CL wearers (p = 0.23). Flow cytometry results expressed in antibody-binding capaci…
Inverse correlation between plasma oxysterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in hepatitis C virus-infected patients
2012
Background: Hepatitis C virus infection is characterised by enhanced oxidative stress, which can be measured quantitatively by plasma oxysterol concentration. These molecules may affect lipid metabolism through the activation of Liver X Receptors. Hepatitis C virus exploits host lipid metabolism to facilitate its replication and diffusion. In our study we aimed to evaluate and highlight the potential pathogenetic role of oxysterols, 7-ketocholesterol and 7-β-hydroxycholesterol, in hepatitis C virus-related lipid dysmetabolism. Methods: The study was performed in 42 patients with chronic hepatitis C (93% genotype 1b) and 38 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. Plasma oxysterols 7-keto…