Search results for "actin"
showing 10 items of 1375 documents
Rhodopsin's carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic tail acts as a membrane receptor for cytoplasmic dynein by binding to the dynein light chain Tctex-1.
1999
AbstractThe interaction of cytoplasmic dynein with its cargoes is thought to be indirectly mediated by dynactin, a complex that binds to the dynein intermediate chain. However, the roles of other dynein subunits in cargo binding have been unknown. Here we demonstrate that dynein translocates rhodopsin-bearing vesicles along microtubules. This interaction occurs directly between the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of rhodopsin and Tctex-1, a dynein light chain. C-terminal rhodopsin mutations responsible for retinitis pigmentosa inhibit this interaction. Our results point to an alternative docking mechanism for cytoplasmic dynein, provide novel insights into the role of motor proteins in the pola…
Electron-interacting dark matter: Implications from DAMA/LIBRA-phase2 and prospects for liquid xenon detectors and NaI detectors
2019
We investigate the possibility for the direct detection of low-mass (GeV scale) weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP) dark matter in scintillation experiments. Such WIMPs are typically too light to leave appreciable nuclear recoils but may be detected via their scattering off atomic electrons. In particular, the DAMA Collaboration [R. Bernabei et al., Nucl. Phys. At. Energy 19, 307 (2018)] has recently presented strong evidence of an annual modulation in the scintillation rate observed at energies as low as 1 keV. Despite a strong enhancement in the calculated event rate at low energies, we find that an interpretation in terms of electron-interacting WIMPs cannot be consistent with ex…
Gas cell studies of thorium using filament dispensers at IGISOL
2020
Abstract Filament-based dispensers of thorium have been investigated at the IGISOL facility, Jyvaskyla, for potential use as a thorium ion source for future collinear laser spectroscopy experiments. Several different filaments were manufactured in the Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics of TU Wien, with 232Th and 229Th prepared on tantalum substrates either by drying thorium nitrate solution or via molecular plating, while adding a layer of zirconium for oxide reduction. The filaments were characterized in a helium-filled gas cell by performing selective and efficient in-gas-cell resonance laser ionization and by analyzing the resulting ion beams by mass spectrometry. Additionally, th…
Molecular and functional analysis of the (6-4) photolyase from the hexactinellid Aphrocallistes vastus.
2003
The hexactinellid sponges (phylum Porifera) represent the phylogenetically oldest metazoans that evolved 570-750 million years ago. At this period exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light exceeded that of today and it may be assumed that this old taxon has developed a specific protection system against UV-caused DNA damage. A cDNA was isolated from the hexactinellid Aphrocallistes vastus which comprises high sequence similarity to genes encoding the protostomian and deuterostomian (6-4) photolyases. Subsequently functional studies were performed. It could be shown that the sponge gene, after transfection into mutated Escherichia coli, causes resistance of the bacteria against UV light. Recombinan…
A breakdown in macromolecular synthesis preceding differentiation in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)
1990
Summary: A transitory cessation of growth was recorded in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) at the end of vegetative mycelium formation on solid medium. In the same phase a striking reduction in protein and nucleic acid synthesis was detected. Growth and macromolecular synthesis resumed, nearly reaching the original values, when morphological differentiation occurred. It is concluded that a physiological stress occurs within the bacterial population just before the onset of the morphological differentiation.
Influence of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on thymidine uptake by herpes simplex virus infected cells and the intracellular level of cyclic AMP.
1977
Abstract Dibutyryl cyclic AMP inhibits the increase of dThd and BrdUrd transport normally observed after infection with Herpesvirus hominis, type I and II. Incorporation is also reduced. Inhibition of uptake is non-competitive as analysed by the Lineweaver-Burk plot. Addition of this drug to infected cells also reduces the activity of the thymidine kinase (EC 2.7.1.75). Transport of dUrd, dCyd and dAdo is not reduced. 4–8 h after infection with thymidine kinase (+) herpes strains the level of cAMP increases. On infection with a thymidine kinase (−) virus, only a small elevation of cAMP can be shown. It was also found that early addition of actinomycin D or of cycloheximide prevents the incr…
Inhibitors acting on nucleic acid synthesis in an oncogenic RNA virus.
1971
IN infection with an oncogenic RNA virus, synthesis of viral RNA seems to be catalysed by an RNA dependent DNA polymerase in the host cell1–4. Several specific inhibitors of viral DNA polymerases have been found5–7 and Spiegelman8 has shown that the activity of viral enzymes depends strongly on the chemical composition of the template. We report here first a new highly specific poison of the Rauscher murine leukaemia virus (RMLV) DNA polymerases; second, several inactivators of the RNA and DNA template involved in the RMLV enzyme systems; and third, the action of actinomycin D on viral DNA polymerases and on host DNA/RNA polymerase. The results are discussed with respect to the influence of…
Taxonomic and functional diversity of atrazine‐degrading bacterial communities enriched from agrochemical factory soil
2010
Aims: To characterize atrazine-degrading potential of bacterial communities enriched from agrochemical factory soil by analysing diversity and organization of catabolic genes. Methods and Results: The bacterial communities enriched from three different sites of varying atrazine contamination mineralized 65–80% of 14C ring-labelled atrazine. The presence of trzN-atzBC-trzD, trzN-atzABC-trzD and trzN-atzABCDEF-trzD gene combinations was determined by PCR. In all enriched communities, trzN-atzBC genes were located on a 165-kb plasmid, while atzBC or atzC genes were located on separated plasmids. Quantitative PCR revealed that catabolic genes were present in up to 4% of the community. Restricti…
Rhodoluna lacicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a planktonic freshwater bacterium with stream-lined genome
2014
A pure culture of an actinobacterium previously described as 'Candidatus Rhodoluna lacicola' strain MWH-Ta8 was established and deposited in two public culture collections. Strain MWH-Ta8(T) represents a free-living planktonic freshwater bacterium obtained from hypertrophic Meiliang Bay, Lake Taihu, PR China. The strain was characterized by phylogenetic and taxonomic investigations, as well as by determination of its complete genome sequence. Strain MWH-Ta8(T) is noticeable due to its unusually low values of cell size (0.05 µm(3)), genome size (1.43 Mbp), and DNA G+C content (51.5 mol%). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene and RpoB sequences suggested that strain MWH-Ta8(T) is affi…
Manganese/polymetallic nodules: Micro-structural characterization of exolithobiontic- and endolithobiontic microbial biofilms by scanning electron mi…
2009
Polymetallic/ferromanganese nodules (Mn-nodules) provide a rich source for manganese. It is not yet known if the nodules have a biogenic or an abiogenic origin. Here we applied the technique of high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopical (EDX) analysis, to trace the existence of microbial biofilms. Two spatially separated assemblies exist, the exolithobiontic- and endolithobiontic colonizations. The exolithobiontic colonization is seen in the micro-canals, which traverse the outer surface layer of the nodules and are formed by elongated filamentous organisms, which show no signs of mineralization. In the center of the nodules thr…