Search results for "active"

showing 10 items of 5361 documents

SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, serum inflammatory biomarkers and clinical severity of hospitalized COVID-19 patients

2020

Background The involvement of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in mediating immunopathogenetic events in COVID-19 patients has been suggested. By using several experimental approaches, we investigated the potential association between SARS-CoV-2 IgGs recognizing the spike (S) protein receptor-binding domain (RBD), neutralizing antibodies (NtAb) targeting S, and COVID-19 severity. Patients and methods This unicenter, retrospective, observational study included 51 hospitalized patients (24 at the intensive care unit; ICU). A total of 93 sera from these patients collected at different time points from the onset of symptoms were analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgGs were quantitated by ELISA and NtAb50 titers wer…

0301 basic medicineMaleAntibodies ViralSeverity of Illness IndexGastroenterologylaw.invention0302 clinical medicinelaw030212 general & internal medicinebiologyInflammatory biomarkersMiddle AgedIntensive care unitHospitalizationTiterInfectious DiseasesSpike Glycoprotein CoronavirusFemaleAntibodyCoronavirus InfectionsAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)030106 microbiologyPneumonia ViralNeutralizing antibodiesArticleVirus03 medical and health sciencesBetacoronavirusYoung AdultVirologyInternal medicineSeverity of illnessmedicineHumansPandemicsAgedRetrospective StudiesInflammationbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2C-reactive proteinCOVID-19Retrospective cohort studyAntibodies NeutralizingFerritinbiology.proteinBinding Sites AntibodybusinessBiomarkers
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Accurate mode characterization of two-mode optical fibers by in-fiber acousto-optics.

2016

Acousto-optic interaction in optical fibers is exploited for the accurate and broadband characterization of two-mode optical fibers. Coupling between LP01 and LP1m modes is produced in a broadband wavelength range. Difference in effective indices, group indices, and chromatic dispersions between the guided modes, are obtained from experimental measurements. Additionally, we show that the technique is suitable to investigate the fine modes structure of LP modes, and some other intriguing features related with modes' cut-off.

CouplingMode volumeOptical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsAcousto-optics02 engineering and technologyÒptica01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.invention010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsDouble-clad fiberOpticslaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOptoelectronicsChromatic scaleFiberbusinessRefractive indexOptics express
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Indicaxanthin inhibits NADPH oxidase (NOX)-1 activation and NF-κB-dependent release of inflammatory mediators and prevents the increase of epithelial…

2014

Dietary redox-active/antioxidant phytochemicals may help control or mitigate the inflammatory response in chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of indicaxanthin (Ind), a pigment from the edible fruit of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica, L.), was shown in an IBD model consisting of a human intestinal epithelial cell line (Caco-2 cells) stimulated by IL-1β, a cytokine known to play a major role in the initiation and amplification of inflammatory activity in IBD. The exposure of Caco-2 cells to IL-1β brought about the activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX-1) and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to activate intracellular signal…

Cell Membrane PermeabilityPyridinesPyridinemedicine.medical_treatmentInterleukin-1betaMedicine (miscellaneous)Nitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIndicaxanthinNADPH OxidaseInflammatory bowel diseaseIntestinal absorptionAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaInflammation MediatorCaco-2 CellNutrition and DieteticsNADPH oxidasebiologyNF-kappa BNADPH Oxidase 1OpuntiaCell biologyBetaxanthinsCytokineNADPH Oxidase 1EnterocyteAntioxidantmedicine.symptomInflammation MediatorsReactive Oxygen SpecieIndicaxanthinHumanRedox-active phytochemicalInflammationIn vitro modelmedicineHumansIndicaxanthin Betalain pigments Inflammatory bowel disease Redox-active phytochemicalsInterleukin 8Inflammationbusiness.industryInterleukin-6Interleukin-8NADPH OxidasesInflammatory Bowel DiseasesEnzyme ActivationEnterocyteschemistryIntestinal AbsorptionCaco-2Cyclooxygenase 2BetaxanthinFruitImmunologybiology.proteinCaco-2 CellsbusinessReactive Oxygen SpeciesThe British journal of nutrition
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Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is critically involved in basal and fluoxetine-stimulated adult hippocampal cell proliferation and in anxiety,…

2011

Intensive research is devoted to unravel the neurobiological mechanisms mediating adult hippocampal neurogenesis, its regulation by antidepressants, and its behavioral consequences. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is expressed in the CNS, where its function is unknown. Here, we show, for the first time, the relevance of MIF expression for adult hippocampal neurogenesis. We identify MIF expression in neurogenic cells (in stem cells, cells undergoing proliferation, and in newly proliferated cells undergoing maturation) in the subgranular zone of the rodent dentate gyrus. A causal function for MIF in cell proliferation was shown using genetic (M…

Receptors SteroidStem-Cellsanimal diseasesmedicine.medical_treatmentHippocampusExpressionHippocampal formationHippocampusSubgranular zonememoryMice0302 clinical medicineConditioning PsychologicalCyclin D2Rat Dentate GyrusMice KnockoutNeurons0303 health sciencesMicroscopy ConfocalChronic StressMifNeurogenesisBrainFearrespiratory systemanxietyPsychiatry and Mental healthC-Reactive ProteinCytokinemedicine.anatomical_structuredepressionAntidepressive Agents Second-GenerationStem cellPsychologyAnimal-ModelNeurogenesisSpatial BehaviorNerve Tissue Proteinschemical and pharmacologic phenomena03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neurosciencemedicineotorhinolaryngologic diseasesAnimalsRats WistarMaze LearningMacrophage Migration-Inhibitory FactorsMolecular BiologyCell Proliferation030304 developmental biologyMemory DisordersDentate gyrusfluoxetineFactor Mifbiological factorsRatsDisease Models AnimalAcoustic StimulationBromodeoxyuridineMacrophage migration inhibitory factorCorticosteroneNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Promoting active ageing through a physical exercise program aimed at reducing frailty and risk of falling among older adults

2017

Introduction: Risk of falling and frailty have been revealed as the most important conditions causing dependency among older people [1]. Older adults taking physical activity regularly can benefit of a proper maintenance of muscle strength and mass, which helps to retain function and independence, and to prevent falls and other injuries [2]. Concretely, the effectiveness of balance and strength training programs on the reduction of falls [3] and frailty [4] has been sufficiently proved.Theory/Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an intervention based on a physical exercise program addressed at 65+ people suffering from risk of falling and frailty, and ultimately aimed…

GerontologyLongitudinal studymedicine.medical_specialtyHealth (social science)Sociology and Political Sciencebusiness.industryStrength trainingfrailty; risk of falling; falls; physical exercise program; balance; active ageingHealth PolicyPsychological interventionFalls in older adultsPhysical exerciseActive ageing03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical therapyMedicine030212 general & internal medicinebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBalance (ability)Fall preventionInternational Journal of Integrated Care
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Sputum metalloproteinase-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 ratio correlates with airflow obstruction in asthma and chronic bronchitis

1998

Asthma and chronic bronchitis are inflammatory diseases with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and collagen deposition. Collagen homeostasis is controlled by metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). We evaluated MMP and TIMP balance in induced sputum of 10 control, 31 untreated asthmatic, and 16 chronic bronchitic subjects. We first performed zymographic analysis to identify the profile of MMPs. Zymography revealed a similar MMPs profile in all populations studied and that MMP-9 was the major enzyme released. We then measured, using enzyme immunoassay, the concentrations of MMP-9 and of its inhibitor TIMP-1 and evaluated whether airflow limitation m…

AdultPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineChronic bronchitisAdolescentNeutrophilsCell CountEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayMatrix metalloproteinaseCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicinePathogenesisLeukocyte CountSurface-Active AgentsForced Expiratory VolumemedicineHomeostasisHumansProtease InhibitorsCollagenasesBronchitisAgedAsthmaTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1business.industryMacrophagesRespiratory diseaseSputumSodium Dodecyl SulfateMiddle AgedTissue inhibitor of metalloproteinasemedicine.diseaseAsthmaExtracellular Matrixrespiratory tract diseasesAirway ObstructionMatrix Metalloproteinase 9Chronic DiseaseImmunologyBronchitisSputumElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelCollagenmedicine.symptomPulmonary Ventilationbusiness
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An Interactive Framework for Offline Data-Driven Multiobjective Optimization

2020

We propose a framework for solving offline data-driven multiobjective optimization problems in an interactive manner. No new data becomes available when solving offline problems. We fit surrogate models to the data to enable optimization, which introduces uncertainty. The framework incorporates preference information from a decision maker in two aspects to direct the solution process. Firstly, the decision maker can guide the optimization by providing preferences for objectives. Secondly, the framework features a novel technique for the decision maker to also express preferences related to maximum acceptable uncertainty in the solutions as preferred ranges of uncertainty. In this way, the d…

050101 languages & linguisticsDecision support systemMathematical optimizationOptimization problemdecision supportComputer scienceEvolutionary algorithmGaussian processespäätöksentukijärjestelmät02 engineering and technologyMulti-objective optimizationdecision makingData-driven0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmetamodelling0501 psychology and cognitive sciencessurrogateInteractive visualization05 social sciencesgaussiset prosessitmonitavoiteoptimointiMetamodelingKriging020201 artificial intelligence & image processingdecomposition-based MOEAkriging-menetelmäCognitive load
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Cytoprotective effect of resveratrol diastereomers in CHO-K1 cells exposed to beauvericin

2015

Beauvericin (BEA) causes cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species in CHO-K1 cells. Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenol with multiple biological properties, including antioxidant effects. RSV has two forms: trans and cis. The aims of this study were to determine the cytoprotective effect of trans-RSV and diastereomers mixtures (50:50 trans/cis-RSV and 70:30 trans/cis-RSV) incubated alone and in combination with BEA in ovarian (CHO-K1) cells. The results demonstrated that cell viability increases (from 9% to 77%) when they were exposed to low concentration of RSV. Moreover, when the cells were pre-treated with RSV and then exposed to BEA, a cytoprotective effect (from 25% to…

Antioxidantvirusesmedicine.medical_treatmentCHO CellsResveratrolToxicologymedicine.disease_causeLipid peroxidationchemistry.chemical_compoundCricetulusCricetinaeDepsipeptidesStilbenesmedicineAnimalsViability assayCytotoxicitychemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesChemistryvirus diseasesGeneral Medicinerespiratory systemMolecular biologyBeauvericinBiochemistryCytoprotectionResveratrolLipid PeroxidationReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidative stressFood ScienceFood and Chemical Toxicology
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Determination of Aerosol Size Distributions from Spectral Attenuation Measurements

1971

An iteration method for the determination of size distributions of aerosols from spectral attenuation data, similar to the one previously published for clouds, is presented. The basis for this iteration is to consider the extinction efficiency factor of particles as a set of weighting functions covering the entire radius region of a distribution. The weighting functions were calculated exactly from the Mie theory. Aerosol distributions are shown derived from tests with analytical size distributions and also generated from measured aerosol extinction data in seven spectral channels from 0.4-microto 10-micro wavelength in continental aerosols. The influence of relative humidity on the complex…

Physicsbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Mie scatteringcomplex mixturesIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringAerosolWeightingWavelengthOpticsDistribution (mathematics)Extinction (optical mineralogy)Business and International ManagementbusinessRefractive indexPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsOptical depthApplied Optics
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Seeking the Source of Catalytic Efficiency of Lindane Dehydrochlorinase, LinA.

2020

Herein we present the results of an in-depth simulation study of LinA and its two variants. In our analysis, we combined the exploration of protein conformational dynamics with and without bound substrates (hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers) performed using molecular dynamics simulation followed by the extraction of the most frequently visited conformations and their characteristics with a detailed description of the interactions taking place in the active site between the respective HCH molecule and the first shell residues by using symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) calculations. A detailed investigation of the conformational space of LinA substates has been accompanied by desc…

biologyChemistryActive siteLyasesInteraction energyLigand (biochemistry)Molecular mechanicsArticleSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMolecular dynamicsBacterial ProteinsComputational chemistryCatalytic DomainMaterials Chemistrybiology.proteinMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPerturbation theoryPotential of mean forceHexachlorocyclohexaneThe journal of physical chemistry. B
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