Search results for "aids"
showing 10 items of 232 documents
Drug resistance is widespread among children who receive long-term antiretroviral treatment at a rural Tanzanian hospital
2010
Published version of an article from the journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. Also available from the publisher: htttp://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkq234 Objectives: To assess long-term virological efficacy and the emergence of drug resistance in children who receive antiretroviral treatment (ART) in rural Tanzania. Patients and methods: Haydom Lutheran Hospital has provided ART to HIV-infected individuals since 2003. From February through May 2009, a cross-sectional virological efficacy survey was conducted among children (, 15 years) who had completed >= 6 months of first-line non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based ART. Genotypic resistance was determined in …
Perceptual commensuration in decision tables
2017
This paper calls attention to design features that could enhance the helpfulness of the decision table to decision makers trying to get a better intuitive grasp of the choices facing them. The experiments reported here show that the grey scale is more facilitative than the number scale for problem comprehension as measured by the identification of dominance and the identification of non-additivity, each of which requires a view of the decision problem that is sensitive to patterns across attributes. Additional design features that could enhance the decision makers’ grasp of the choices facing them are suggested for further research.
Authorship in Facilitated Communication: An Analysis of 11 Cases
2014
Abstract. We studied the authorship of messages produced through facilitated communication (FC) for all users of FC in two comprehensive schools in a small city in Finland. The participants were 11 children with intellectual disabilities, including autism, all having used FC from 1 to 3 years. The test conditions involved open and blind information-passing tasks in which the participants were directed to write down the contents of written or pictorial stimuli. The results failed to validate FC as a method of communication for any participant or facilitator. An analysis of the messages produced under the FC condition revealed a large degree of facilitator influence on the content of the mess…
Cardiac Troponins for the Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Chronic Kidney Disease
2018
Background Patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) are at high risk of myocardial infarction. Cardiac troponins are the biomarkers of choice for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction ( AMI ) without ST ‐segment elevation ( NSTE ). In patients with CKD , troponin levels are often chronically elevated, which reduces their diagnostic utility when NSTE ‐ AMI is suspected. The aim of this study was to derive a diagnostic algorithm for serial troponin measurements in patients with CKD and suspected NSTE ‐ AMI . Methods and Results Two cohorts, 1494 patients from a prospective cohort study with high‐sensitivity troponin I (hs‐ cTnI ) measurements and 7059 cases from a clinical registr…
Initial experience with the Sophono Alpha 1 osseointegrated implant.
2013
In the last several years, bone anchored hearing aids have proven to be useful in treating conductive and mixed unilateral or bilateral hearing loss, as well as for sensorineural unilateral hearing loss. The Sophono Alpha 1 model has the advantage of not requiring an abutment, with it being coupled by magnetism instead. We report the cases of 3 infants with congenital malformations of external and middle ear. Audiometry showed conductive hearing loss. All 3 patients were implanted with Alpha 1 model (Sophono). Patients evolved satisfactorily. After 30 days we applied the processor and the control audiometry showed a marked improvement of hearing thresholds, although without a complete closu…
First Experiences With the Ponto⢢ SuperPower Osseointegrated Device
2018
Osseointegrated hearing devices Power and SuperPower present indications for bone thresholds of 55 and 65 dB respectively. We conducted a prospective observational study of a series of six cases with mixed hearing loss for whom implantation of the DAO Ponto™ Super-Power was performed. Tonal and verbal evaluations without and with background noise (HINTS) were performed prior to implantation and six months after adaptation. All the participants showed improvement in tonal and verbal results, varying according to the degree of contralateral hearing loss. The verbal results with background noise were noteworthy, where most of the patients obtained a signal-to-noise ratio between 2 and 4 dB. Th…
Working Memory Function in Children with Single Side Deafness Using a Bone-Anchored Hearing Implant: A Case-Control Study
2018
The importance of a good hearing function to preserve memory and cognitive abilities has been shown in the adult population, but studies on the pediatric population are currently lacking. This study aims at evaluating the effects of a bone-anchored hearing implant (BAHI) on speech perception, speech processing, and memory abilities in children with single side deafness (SSD). We enrolled <i>n</i> = 25 children with SSD and assessed them prior to BAHI implantation, and at 1-month and 3-month follow-ups after BAHI implantation using tests of perception in silence and perception in phonemic confusion, dictation in silence and noise, and working memory and short-term memory function…
Safety and efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce ileus after colorectal surgery
2019
Ileus is common after elective colorectal surgery, and is associated with increased adverse events and prolonged hospital stay. The aim was to assess the role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for reducing ileus after surgery.A prospective multicentre cohort study was delivered by an international, student- and trainee-led collaborative group. Adult patients undergoing elective colorectal resection between January and April 2018 were included. The primary outcome was time to gastrointestinal recovery, measured using a composite measure of bowel function and tolerance to oral intake. The impact of NSAIDs was explored using Cox regression analyses, including the results of a c…
How can we best organise communication with patients’ families?
2018
IF 1.542 (2016); International audience
Oral leishmaniasis in an HIV-infected patient.
2000
As in most countries in the Mediterranean basin, leishmaniasis is endemic in Italy, where it has visceral (VL) and cutaneous (CL) forms caused by viscerotropic and dermotropic strains of Leishmania infantum, respectively. With the spread of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, the number of coinfections with Leishmania and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is increasing. Between 35% and 50% of the adult VL cases diagnosed annually in Sicily from 1991 to 1995 were related to HIV [1]; although cases of coinfection have been reported in 28 countries worldwide, the majority of these cases (1440 from 1990 to 1998) have been notified in four countries (Spain, Italy, France, Po…