Search results for "angle"

showing 10 items of 1921 documents

A new method for data evaluation of small angle neutron scattering experiments and its application to amorphous polycarbonate

1981

The conformation of single chains in bulk polymer materials can be evaluated from coherent neutron scattering on mixtures of normal and deuterated polymers. It is shown that the single-chain structure factor can be also obtained from measurements of highly concentrated mixtures and the procedure of evaluation is described. The application to amorphous polycarbonate demonstrates the advantages of the method.

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and Plasticsbusiness.industryfungiNeutron diffractionAnalytical chemistryfood and beveragesGeneral ChemistryNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsSmall-angle neutron scatteringInelastic neutron scatteringAmorphous solidOpticsvisual_artMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumNeutron reflectometryPolycarbonateBiological small-angle scatteringbusinessComputer Science::DatabasesPolymer Bulletin
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A synchrotron radiation X-ray scattering study of aqueous solutions of native DNA

1999

Synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was used to investigate solutions of native DNA at different ionic strengths and temperatures. The mass per unit length, radius of gyration of the cross-section of DNA and apparent second virial coefficient (A2) were obtained from Zimm plots in the rodlike particle approximation. The values of A2 obtained in this way are positive and almost constant indicating that the repulsive interactions still influence the scattering patterns at resolutions as high as 5-8 nm. SAXS measurements in continuous temperature scans indicate that the rod approximation is valid over a wide temperature range during DNA melting and confirm that the rodlike…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRadiationShort-range orderChemistryScatteringSmall-angle X-ray scatteringAnalytical chemistrySynchrotron radiationDNAAtmospheric temperature rangeX-ray solution scatteringMolecular physicsThermal denaturationCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterVirial coefficientSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaZimm plotRadius of gyrationStatic light scatteringBiological small-angle scatteringInstrumentationJournal of Synchrotron Radiation
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Advances in contrast variation for macromolecular structure determination by polarized neutron scattering and anomalous dispersion of synchrotron X-r…

1988

Contrast variation for macromolecular structure determination is usually achieved by isomorphous replacement of 1-H by 2-H (D) using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). This is particularly easy in aqueous solvents. By adding heavy water the contrast of dissolved proteins, nucleic acids and membranes changes drastically. It is the region inaccesible to solvent molecules, which acts as a label. Measurements of the scattering intensity at three different scattering densities of a solvent yields the three basic scattering functions. The contrast dependence of the radius of gyration receives particular interest. More recently smaller labels have been used. Their dimensions are smaller than t…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesPolymers and PlasticsAnomalous scatteringProtonScatteringChemistryOrganic ChemistryNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsSynchrotronlaw.inventionCrystallographyDeuteriumlawMaterials ChemistryRadius of gyrationBiological small-angle scatteringMakromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia
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Solution NMR structure of aD,L-alternating oligonorleucine as a model of ?-helix

2001

beta-Helix structures are of particular interest due to their capacity to form transmembrane channels with different transport properties. However, the relatively large number of beta-helices configurations does not allow a direct conformational analysis of beta-helical oligopeptides. A synthetic alternating D,L-oligopeptide with twelve norleucines (XIIMe) has been used as a model to get insight in the conformational features of beta-helix structures. The spatial configuration of XIIMe in solution has been determined by NMR. An extensive set of distances (nuclear Overhauser effect) and dihedral (J coupling constants) constraints have been included in molecular dynamics calculations. The NMR…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesTransmembrane channelsChemistryOrganic ChemistryBiophysicsBeta helixNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of nucleic acidsGeneral MedicineNuclear Overhauser effectNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyDihedral angleJ-couplingBiochemistryBiomaterialsMolecular dynamicsCrystallographyBiopolymers
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Crystal structure of 1-ferrocenyl-2-(4-methyl-benzo-yl)spiro-[11H-pyrrolidizine-3,11'-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxaline].

2014

In the title compound the four-fused-rings system is approximately planar and the pyrrolidine rings of the pyrrolidizine fragment adopt a twist conformation. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π inter­actions, forming double-chains parallel to the c axis.

Quantitative Biology::Biomoleculescrystal structureCrystallographyChemistryHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureDihedral angleCondensed Matter PhysicsRing (chemistry)BioinformaticsPyrrolidineferrocen­ylferrocenylResearch CommunicationsCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyQuinoxalineQD901-999quinoxalinepyrrolidizinehydrogen bondsGeneral Materials ScienceBenzeneActa crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online
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Analysis of oblique rebound using a redefinition of the coefficient of tangential restitution coefficient

2013

Abstract A redefinition of the coefficient of tangential restitution based on the separation of friction and restitution effects is presented. Using this modified coefficient of tangential restitution and the usual definitions of the coefficients of normal restitution and sliding friction, a description of oblique impacts in both stick and slip regimes is obtained. This, description, which is tested with available rebound data in literature, avoids sharp (apparent) variations in the coefficient tangential restitution with impact angle and can justify anomalous results reported by Calsamiglia et al. (1999) .

Quantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansMechanical EngineeringRolling resistanceImpact angleOblique caseSlip (materials science)MechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterRestitutionMechanics of MaterialsCondensed Matter::Statistical MechanicsGeneral Materials ScienceCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsMechanics Research Communications
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Scaling On-Chip Entangled Photon States to Higher Dimensions

2017

Considerable efforts have recently focused on advancing quantum information pro- cessing by increasing the number of qubits (the simplest unit of quantum information) in nonclassical systems such as ultracold atoms and superconducting circuits. A complementary approach to scale up infor- mation content is to move from two-level (qubit) to multilevel (quDit) systems.

Quantum Optics; Entangled LightQuantum OpticEntangled LightSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica
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A Possible Time-Dependent Generalization of the Bipartite Quantum Marginal Problem

2018

In this work we study an inverse dynamical problem for a bipartite quantum system governed by the time local master equation: to find the class of generators which give rise to a certain time evolution with the constraint of fixed reduced states (marginals). The compatibility of such choice with a global unitary evolution is considered. For the non unitary case we propose a systematic method to reconstruct examples of master equations and address them to different physical scenarios.

Quantum PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticTime evolutionInverseFOS: Physical sciencespure quantum state01 natural sciencesMultipartite entanglementAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasQuantum statemultipartite entanglement0103 physical sciencesMaster equationBipartite graphQuantum systemApplied mathematicsbipartite quantum system010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)quantum controlQuantumEngineering (miscellaneous)Mathematics
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Two-Qubit Pure Entanglement as Optimal Social Welfare Resource in Bayesian Game

2017

Entanglement is of paramount importance in quantum information theory. Its supremacy over classical correlations has been demonstrated in numerous information theoretic protocols. Here we study possible adequacy of quantum entanglement in Bayesian game theory, particularly in social welfare solution (SWS), a strategy which the players follow to maximize the sum of their payoffs. Given a multi-partite quantum state as an advice, players can come up with several correlated strategies by performing local measurements on their parts of the quantum state. A quantum strategy is called quantum-SWS if it is advantageous over a classical equilibrium (CE) strategy in the sense that none of the player…

Quantum PhysicsComputer Science::Computer Science and Game TheoryPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Computer scienceFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum entanglementState (functional analysis)01 natural scienceslcsh:QC1-999Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasBayesian gameQuantum stateQubit0103 physical sciencesQuantum informationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsAdvice (complexity)Mathematical economicsQuantumlcsh:PhysicsQuantum
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Local softening of information geometric indicators of chaos in statistical modeling in the presence of quantum-like considerations

2013

In a previous paper (C. Cafaro et al., 2012), we compared an uncorrelated 3D Gaussian statistical model to an uncorrelated 2D Gaussian statistical model obtained from the former model by introducing a constraint that resembles the quantum mechanical canonical minimum uncertainty relation. Analysis was completed by way of the information geometry and the entropic dynamics of each system. This analysis revealed that the chaoticity of the 2D Gaussian statistical model, quantified by means of the Information Geometric Entropy (IGE), is softened or weakened with respect to the chaoticity of the 3D Gaussian statistical model due to the accessibility of more information. In this companion work, we…

Quantum PhysicsEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)GaussianGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical modelQuantum entanglementNonlinear Sciences - Chaotic DynamicsUncorrelatedsymbols.namesakeprobability theory; Riemannian geometry; chaos; complexity; entropysymbolsInformation geometryStatistical physicsChaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumSofteningMathematics
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