Search results for "antibiotic resistance"

The global crisis of multidrug resistance: how to face healthcare associated infections without effective antibiotics?

2013

[No abstract available

STUDIO DELLA BIODISTRIBUZIONE DI SOSTANZE BIOLOGICAMENTE ATTIVE IN ORGANISMI ACQUATICI

2022

Development of natural and synthetic compounds as kinase inhibitors targeting cancer cells and cancer stem cells

2023

Repeated prevalence studies on antibiotic use in Latvia, 2003-2007.

2009

Antibiotic resistance and nosocomial infections have recently been recognised as a growing threat in Latvian hospitals. We used a modified point prevalence study design to gain accurate information on the antibiotic prescription pattern and the prevalence of nosocomial infections in different hospital departments. A given department was observed on a given day in a given month (May) five years in a row. All antibiotic treatments, dose and route of administration were recorded, in addition to demographic data. The most commonly used antibiotic groups were first generation cephalosporins (35.6-38.9%), broad-spectrum penicillins (17.5-23.0%), fluoroquinolones (8.4-14.5%) and aminoglycosides (7…

Bacteriophage Resistance Affects Flavobacterium columnare Virulence Partly via Mutations in Genes Related to Gliding Motility and the Type IX Secreti…

2021

Increasing problems with antibiotic resistance have directed interest toward phage therapy in the aquaculture industry. However, phage resistance evolving in target bacteria is considered a challenge. To investigate how phage resistance influences the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare, two wild-type bacterial isolates, FCO-F2 and FCO-F9, were exposed to phages (FCO-F2 to FCOV-F2, FCOV-F5, and FCOV-F25, and FCO-F9 to FCL-2, FCOV-F13, and FCOV-F45), and resulting phenotypic and genetic changes in bacteria were analyzed. Bacterial viability first decreased in the exposure cultures but started to increase after 1 to 2 days, along with a change in colony morphology from original rhizoid to …

Inhibitors of antibiotic resistance mechanisms: clinical applications and future perspectives

2020

Bacterial strains responsible for antibiotic resistant infections are increasing in an alarming way and the evolution of resistance mechanisms seems to be unstoppable. In the past decade, many efforts have been made in order to counteract this phenomenon but very few compounds have reached clinical trials. The development of new classes of antibiotics able to overcome the main bacterial drug resistance mechanisms is urgently required to counter the imminent danger of a postantibiotic era.

Multi-plasmid clash in a bacterial community: plasmid viability depends on the ecological setting of hosts

2021

AbstractPlasmids are genetic elements that disperse horizontally between different strains and species of bacteria and a major factor in the dissemination of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Understanding the ecology of plasmids has a notable anthropocentric value and therefore the interactions between bacterial hosts and individual plasmids have been studied in detail. However, bacterial systems often carry multiple genetically distinct plasmids, but dynamics of these multiplasmid “clashes” has remained unstudied. Here, we set to investigate the survival of 11 mobilizable or conjugative plasmids in five different ecological settings. The key incentive was to determine whether p…

Carga y factores de riesgo para la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad de Pseudomonas aeruginosa : un estudio multinacional de prevalencia puntual de …

2018

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a challenging bacterium to treat due to its intrinsic resistance to the antibiotics used most frequently in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Data about the global burden and risk factors associated with P. aeruginosa-CAP are limited. We assessed the multinational burden and specific risk factors associated with P. aeruginosa-CAP. We enrolled 3193 patients in 54 countries with confirmed diagnosis of CAP who underwent microbiological testing at admission. Prevalence was calculated according to the identification of P. aeruginosa. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant P. aeru…

Polyanion–tobramycin nanocomplexes into functional microparticles for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis

2016

Aim: Efficacy of antibiotics in cystic fibrosis (CF) is compromised by the poor penetration through mucus barrier. This work proposes a new ‘nano-into-micro’ approach, used to obtain a combinatorial effect: achieve a sustained delivery of tobramycin and overcome mucus barrier. Methods: Mannitol microparticles (MPs) were loaded with a tobramycin polymeric nanocomplex and characterized in presence of CF artificial mucus. Results & discussion: MPs are able to alter the rheological properties of CF artificial mucus, enhancing drug penetration into it and allowing a prolonged drug release. MPs resulted to be effective in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections if compared with free tobramycin. Co…

Pharmaceutical potential of synthetic and natural pyrrolomycins

2015

The emergence of antibiotic resistance is currently considered one of the most important global health problem. The continuous onset of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains limits the clinical efficacy of most of the marketed antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new antibiotics. Pyrrolomycins are a class of biologically active compounds that exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, antiproliferative, insecticidal, and acaricidal activities. In this review we focus on the antibacterial activity and antibiofilm activity of pyrrolomycins against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens…