Search results for "astronomy"

showing 10 items of 11180 documents

Molecular association of cryptand 221D in NaCl-water solutions. A small-angle neutron scattering study

1993

Molecules of 5-Decyl-4,7,13,16,21-pentaoxa-1,10-diaza-bicyclo-[8.8.5.]tricosan (221D) and its sodium complex, with both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic portion, are expected to form aggregates in water solutions. This was confirmed by surface tension measurements. The aggregation behaviour was studied by small-angle neutron scattering at two different [NaCl]/[221D] molar ratios, such as to obtain, in one case, aggregates entirely made up of ionic monomers, and in the other, mixed micelles constituted by both ionic and non-ionic units. The variation of the aggregation number and number of aggregates indicated that, in the former case, smaller micelles were formed, as a consequence of repulsi…

010302 applied physicsAggregation numberAqueous solutionChemistryCryptandGeneral Physics and AstronomyIonic bonding02 engineering and technologyNeutron scattering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMicelleSmall-angle neutron scatteringSurface tensionCrystallography[PHYS.HIST]Physics [physics]/Physics archives0103 physical sciences0210 nano-technologyLe Journal de Physique IV
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First principles hybrid Hartree-Fock-DFT calculations of bulk and (001) surface F centers in oxide perovskites and alkaline-earth fluorides

2020

Valuable discussions with E. A. Kotomin are gratefully acknowledged. Research contribution of R. E. and A. I. P. has been performed within the framework of the EUROfusion Enabling Research project: ENR-MFE19.ISSP-UL-02 “Advanced experimental and theoretical analysis of defect evolution and structural disordering in optical and dielectric materials for fusion applications.” The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.

010302 applied physicsAlkaline earth metalMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)F centerperovskitesGeneral Physics and AstronomyIonic bondingElectronic structure7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesCrystallographic defectCrystallographyAb initio quantum chemistry methodsVacancy defect0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Ab initio calculations010306 general physicsShallow donorPerovskite (structure)
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Savaime sklindančios aukštatemperatūrinės sintezės būdu gautų aliuminio oksinitrido miltelių ir jų keramikų optinės savybės

2021

The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the Research Project No. 19-08-00655. V.P. acknowledges the State Research Program ‘Aug-stas enerģijas fizika un paātrinātāju tehnoloģijas’ (Projekta Nr. VPP-IZM-CERN-2020/1-0002). The Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-Teaming Phase2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, Project CAMART2.

010302 applied physicsAluminium oxynitrideMaterials scienceAlONOptical propertiesAluminium oxynitrideSelf-propagating high-temperature synthesisGeneral Physics and AstronomyCombustion02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryvisual_art0103 physical sciencesvisual_art.visual_art_medium:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]Transparent ceramicsCeramicComposite material0210 nano-technologySelf-propagating high-temperature synthesis
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Enduring Sacred Places: The Astronomical Orientation of the Iberian Cave-Sanctuary of Cueva Santa del Cabriel in Spain

2019

This paper presents the results of an archaeoastronomical study of the Iberian Iron Age cave-sanctuary of Cueva Santa del Cabriel, near the town of Mira in the province of Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, central Spain, together with a review of the latest archaeological and ethnographical data about the site. We found that the cave's 12 m-long access corridor is oriented precisely along the summer solstice sunset, so that the north wall of the main gallery is partially illuminated by sunlight at this time. Although the cave was in use from the Late Chalcolithic, it became an important religious centre in the Iberian period. After an apparent hiatus during the Roman and Islamic occupations, its …

010302 applied physicsArcheologygeographyFifteenthgeography.geographical_feature_category060102 archaeologyComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectIslam06 humanities and the artsChalcolithicWorship01 natural sciencesArchaeoastronomyArchaeologyCave0103 physical sciencesEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)Period (geology)Solstice0601 history and archaeologymedia_commonJournal of Skyscape Archaeology
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Pressure-induced instability of the fergusonite phase of EuNbO4 studied by in situ Raman spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence spect…

2020

In this article, we present high-pressure experimental investigations on EuNbO4, an interesting technologically important material, using synchrotron based x-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and europium photoluminescence measurements up to 39.2, 31.6, and 32.4 GPa, respectively. All three techniques show the stability of the ambient monoclinic phase until 20 GPa. Beyond that, a pressure-induced structural phase transition takes place with the coexistence of two phases over a wide pressure range. The structure of the high-pressure phase has been determined as orthorhombic (space group: Imma) with a volume discontinuity of nearly 9% at the transition indicating the nature of trans…

010302 applied physicsBulk modulusMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFergusonite01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakechemistry0103 physical sciencessymbolsOrthorhombic crystal system0210 nano-technologySpectroscopyEuropiumRaman spectroscopyPowder diffractionMonoclinic crystal systemJournal of Applied Physics
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Long-term evolution of luminescent properties in CdI2 crystals

2016

Fresh and aged melt-grown or gas-phase grown CdI2 crystals are studied by means of low-temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy. Noticeable transformations of emission spectra are observed after long-term aging. The formation of nanostructures containing cadmium oxide and cadmium hydroxide as well as the changes in local surrounding of iodine atoms and the possible growth of polytypic modifications of CdI2 are taken into account when considering the diversity of optical spectra.

010302 applied physicsCadmium hydroxideZone meltingPhotoluminescenceMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)General Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesSpectral linechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistry0103 physical sciencesCadmium oxideEmission spectrum0210 nano-technologySpectroscopyLuminescence
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High pressure crystal structures of orthovanadates and their properties

2020

Pressure-induced phase transitions in orthovanadates have led to interesting physical phenomena. The observed transitions usually involve large volume collapses and drastic changes in the electronic and vibrational properties of the materials. In some cases, the phase transitions implicate coordination changes in vanadium, which has important consequences in the physical properties of vanadates. In this Perspective, we explore the current knowledge of the behavior of MVO4 vanadates under compression. In particular, we summarize studies of the structural, vibrational, and electronic properties and a few illustrative examples of high-pressure research in the compounds of interest are discusse…

010302 applied physicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Phase transitionCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)Physics - Applied Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesEngineering physicsHigh pressurePhysical phenomenaPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciences0210 nano-technologyElectronic properties
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The influence of AlN buffer over the polarity and the nucleation of self-organized GaN nanowires

2015

We experimentally investigate the influence of AlN buffer growth on the nucleation and the polarity of a self-organized assembly of GaN nanowires (NWs) grown on Si. Two complementary growth mechanisms for AlN buffer deposited on Si are demonstrated. Both emphasize the aggregation of Si on the AlN surface and the growth of large cubic crystallites, namely, AlN pedestals. Further growths of GaN NWs assembly reveal that the GaN 2D layer found at the bottom of the NW assembly is the result of the coalescence of Ga-polar pyramids, whereas AlN pedestals are observed as preferential but not exclusive NW nucleation sites. NWs are N-polar or exhibit inversion domains with a Ga-polar core/N-polar she…

010302 applied physicsCoalescence (physics)[PHYS]Physics [physics]Materials sciencebusiness.industryNucleationWide-bandgap semiconductorNanowireGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnology02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesBuffer (optical fiber)Nanolithography0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsCrystalliteSelf-assembly0210 nano-technologybusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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The filter and calibration wheel for the ATHENA wide field imager

2016

The planned filter and calibration wheel for the Wide Field Imager (WFI) instrument on Athena is presented. With four selectable positions it provides the necessary functions, in particular an UV/VIS blocking filter for the WFI detectors and a calibration source. Challenges for the filter wheel design are the large volume and mass of the subsystem, the implementation of a robust mechanism and the protection of the ultra-thin filter with an area of 160 mm square. This paper describes performed trade-offs based on simulation results and describes the baseline design in detail. Reliable solutions are envisaged for the conceptual design of the filter and calibration wheel. Four different varian…

010302 applied physicsComputer scienceDetectorFilter wheel mechanism FEM structural and acoustic analysis ATHENA WFIVolume (computing)Blocking (statistics)01 natural sciencesSquare (algebra)Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaPosition (vector)Filter (video)0103 physical sciencesElectronic engineeringCalibration010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSimulation
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Magnetic domain structure of La0.7Sr0.3MnO 3 thin-films probed at variable temperature with scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis

2013

The domain configuration of 50 nm thick La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 films has been directly investigated using scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA), with magnetic contrast obtained without the requirement for prior surface preparation. The large scale domain structure reflects a primarily four-fold anisotropy, with a small uniaxial component, consistent with magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements. We also determine the domain transition profile and find it to be in agreement with previous estimates of the domain wall width in this material. The temperature dependence of the image contrast is investigated and compared to superconducting-quantum interference device magnetometry …

010302 applied physicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceKerr effectMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Spin polarizationMagnetic domainCondensed matter physics530 PhysicsScanning electron microscopeMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology530 Physik021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesMagnetizationMagnetic anisotropy0103 physical sciences0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyApplied Physics Letters
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