Search results for "astronomy"

showing 10 items of 11180 documents

Soret Effect In Forced Rayleigh-scattering

1987

In forced Rayleigh scattering of mixtures or suspensions the temperature gratings generate, by the Soret effect, concentration gratings that may be very important since they produce both a phase and an amplitude grating superimposed on the principal one. The experimental evidence of their influence was given by Thyagarajan and Lallemand using a mixture of carbondisulfide and ethanol. In this paper we study the temporal behaviour of the concentration grating versus the sample properties and its effect on the detected diffracted beam. Explicit expressions are given for the output intensity taking into account both the generated amplitude and phase gratings.

DiffractionMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryscatteringGeneral EngineeringPhase (waves)Physics::OpticsGeneral Physics and AstronomySoret effectGratingThermophoresisIntensity (physics)symbols.namesakeOpticsAmplitudesymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsRayleigh scatteringAtomic physicsbusinessBeam (structure)
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Three beta-decaying states in 128In and 130In resolved for the first time using Penning-trap techniques

2020

Isomeric states in 128In and 130In have been studied with the JYFLTRAP Penning trap at the IGISOL facility. By employing state-of-the-art ion manipulation techniques, three different beta-decaying states in 128In and 130In have been separated and their masses measured. JYFLTRAP was also used to select the ions of interest for identification at a post-trap decay spectroscopy station. A new beta-decaying high-spin isomer feeding the isomer in 128Sn has been discovered in 128In at 1797.6(20) keV. Shell-model calculations employing a CD-Bonn potential re-normalized with the perturbative G-matrix approach suggest this new isomer to be a 16⁺ spin-trap isomer. In 130In, the lowest-lying (10⁻) isom…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPenning trapAstronomy & Astrophysics01 natural sciencesIonPhysics Particles & Fieldsbeta-decay spectroscopyIsomersShell model0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsSpectroscopyCouplingPhysicsScience & TechnologyNUCLEI010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsPRECISION MASS-SPECTROMETRYNuclear shell modelR-PROCESSshell modelpenning trapRAMSEY METHODPenning traplcsh:QC1-999Physics NuclearExcited stateBeta (plasma physics)Physical SciencesSHELL-MODELTRANSITION-PROBABILITIESisomersAtomic physicsBeta-decay spectroscopylcsh:PhysicsIon cyclotron resonancePhysics Letters B
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The morphological types of galaxies in the Local Supercluster

2014

AbstractOn the basis of the Hyper – Leda Catalogue HyperLeda 8293 galaxies with heliocentric radial velocities below 2500 km s-1 were selected; 4570 had known morphological types (4366 had calculated b/a ratio). We checked the frequency of the distribution of various types in the LSC, finding spirals and irregulars most numerous, in accordance with expectations. The axial ratio of galaxy diameters of various types was studied, and the dependence of this parameter on the morphological type was noted.

PhysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceSuperclusterAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGalaxy
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Search for a Fermiophobic and Standard Model Higgs Boson in Diphoton Final States

2011

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T01:13:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-10-05 National Science Foundation We present a search for the standard model Higgs boson and a fermiophobic Higgs boson in the diphoton final states based on 8.2fb-1 of pp̄ collisions at √s=1.96TeV collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. No excess of data above background predictions is observed and upper limits at the 95% C.L. on the cross section multiplied by the branching fraction are set which are the most restrictive to date. A fermiophobic Higgs boson with a mass below 112.9 GeV is excluded at the 95% C.L. © 2011 American Physical Society. Universidad de Bu…

PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyTevatronGeneral Physics and AstronomyElementary particle01 natural sciences7. Clean energyStandard Modellaw.inventionNuclear physicslawExperimental High Energy Physics0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Higgs bosonGrand Unified TheoryHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentFermilab010306 general physicsColliderGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)BosonPhysical Review Letters
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Computational determination of the dominant triplet population mechanism in photoexcited benzophenone

2014

In benzophenone, intersystem crossing occurs efficiently between the S-1(n pi(star)) state and the T-1 state of dominant n pi(star) character, leading to excited triplet states after photoexcitation. The transition mechanism between S-1(n pi(star)) and T-1 is still a matter of debate, despite several experimental studies. Quantum mechanical calculations have been performed in order to assess the relative efficiencies of previously proposed mechanisms, in particular, the direct S-1 -> T-1 and indirect S-1 -> T-2(pi pi(star)) -> T-1 ones. Multiconfigurational wave function based methods are used to discuss the nature of the relevant states and also to determine minimum energy paths a…

STATE DIPOLE-MOMENTSPopulationMechanistic organic photochemistryEXCITED BENZOPHENONEGeneral Physics and AstronomyGAS-PHASEABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPYchemistry.chemical_compoundORGANIC-PHOTOCHEMISTRYMOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONSBenzophenonePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationWave functioneducation.field_of_studyROW ATOMSChemistryCONICAL INTERSECTIONSPhotoexcitation[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryIntersystem crossingExcited state2ND-ORDER PERTURBATION-THEORYANO BASIS-SETSAtomic physicsPhosphorescence
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Towards modelling the central engine of short GRBs

2011

Numerical relativity simulations of non-vacuum spacetimes have reached a status where a complete description of the inspiral, merger and post-merger stages of the late evolution of close binary neutron systems is possible. Determining the properties of the black-hole-torus system produced in such an event is a key aspect to understand the central engine of short-hard gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs). Of the many properties characterizing the torus, the total rest-mass is the most important one, since it is the torus' binding energy which can be tapped to extract the large amount of energy necessary to power the sGRB emission. In addition, the rest-mass density and angular momentum distribution in t…

PhysicsHistoryAngular momentumAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-ray binaryAstronomyTorusAstrophysicsComputer Science ApplicationsEducationBlack holeStarsNeutron starNumerical relativityTheory of relativitymagnetohydrodynamics binary neutron stars gravitational waves
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Self-dressing in classical and quantum electrodynamics

2003

A short review is presented of the theory of dressed states in nonrelativistic QED, encompassing fully and partially dressed states in atomic physics. This leads to the concept of the reconstruction of the cloud of virtual photons and of self-dressing. Finally some recent results on the classical counterpart of self-dressing are discussed and a comparison is made with the QED case. Attention is drawn to open problems and future lines of research are briefly outlined.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsbusiness.industryGeneral Physics and AstronomyVirtual particleCloud computingNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsquantum electrodynamicsPhysics::Atomic Physicsbusinessclassical self-dressingQuantum self-dressing
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Robust non-Markovianity in ultracold gases

2012

We study the effect of thermal fluctuations on a probe qubit interacting with a Bose-Einstein condensed (BEC) reservoir. The zero-temperature case was studied in [Haikka P et al 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 031602], where we proposed a method to probe the effects of dimensionality and scattering length of a BEC based on its behavior as an environment. Here we show that the sensitivity of the probe qubit is remarkably robust against thermal noise. We give an intuitive explanation for the thermal resilience, showing that it is due to the unique choice of the probe qubit architecture of our model.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesWork (thermodynamics)Quantum PhysicsCold Atoms Open Quantum System Markovian Master equations/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3107/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3104Thermal fluctuationsFOS: Physical sciencesScattering lengthPhysics and Astronomy(all)Condensed Matter PhysicsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Quantum mechanicsQubitThermalSensitivity (control systems)Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2600/2610Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Mathematical PhysicsCurse of dimensionality
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Ground-state fidelity and bipartite entanglement in the Bose-Hubbard model.

2007

We analyze the quantum phase transition in the Bose-Hubbard model borrowing two tools from quantum-information theory, i.e. the ground-state fidelity and entanglement measures. We consider systems at unitary filling comprising up to 50 sites and show for the first time that a finite-size scaling analysis of these quantities provides excellent estimates for the quantum critical point.We conclude that fidelity is particularly suited for revealing a quantum phase transition and pinning down the critical point thereof, while the success of entanglement measures depends on the mechanisms governing the transition.

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsQuantum PhysicsHubbard modelFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum entanglementBose–Hubbard modelSquashed entanglementMultipartite entanglementCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterQuantum mechanicsQuantum critical pointQuantum informationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)Physical review letters
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Diffraction by m-bonacci gratings

2015

We present a simple diffraction experiment with m-bonacci gratings as a new interesting generalization of the Fibonacci ones. Diffraction by these nonconventional structures is proposed as a motivational strategy to introduce students to basic research activities. The Fraunhofer diffraction patterns are obtained with the standard equipment present in most undergraduate physics labs and are compared with those obtained with regular periodic gratings. We show that m-bonacci gratings produce discrete Fraunhofer patterns characterized by a set of diffraction peaks which positions are related to the concept of a generalized golden mean. A very good agreement is obtained between experimental and …

DiffractionPhysicsFibonacci numberbusiness.industryGeneralizationMotivational strategyPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFraunhofer diffractionSet (abstract data type)Fibonaccisymbols.namesakeOpticsSimple (abstract algebra)Basic researchFISICA APLICADAsymbolsAperiodic sequencebusinessDiffraction
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