Search results for "atomic"
showing 10 items of 27529 documents
Ocean acidification does not impair predator recognition but increases juvenile growth in a temperate wrasse off CO2seeps
2017
8 pages, 4 figures, supplementary data https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.10.013
The influence of high pCO2 on otolith shape, chemical and carbon isotope composition of six coastal fish species in a Mediterranean shallow CO2 vent
2017
Naturally acidified environments, such as CO2 vents, are important sites to evaluate the potential effects of increased ocean acidification on marine ecosystems and biota. Here we assessed the effect of high CO2/low pH on otolith shape and chemical composition of six coastal fish species (Chromis chromis, Coris julis, Diplodus vulgaris, Gobius bucchichi, Sarpa salpa, Symphodus ocellatus) in a Mediterranean shallow CO2 vent. Taking into consideration the major and trace elements found near the vent and the gradient of dissolved inorganic carbon, we compared the otolith chemical signatures of fish exposed long-term to elevated CO2 emissions and reduced pH (mean pH 7.8) against fish living in …
Biological films adhering to the oral soft tissues: Structure, composition, and potential impact on taste perception
2018
The role of free-flowing saliva in taste perception is increasingly recognized, but saliva is also present in the mouth as films intimately associated to soft or hard tissues. On mucosal surfaces, particularly on the tongue, the structure and composition of such films (including its microbial constitutive part) may play a particular role in the sense of taste due to their proximity with the taste anatomical structures. This review compiles the current knowledge on the structure of biological films adhering to oral mucosae and on their biochemical and microbiological composition, before presenting possible implications for taste perception. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The understanding of the ro…
Is maternal thyroid hormone deposition subject to a trade-off between self and egg because of iodine?
2021
ABSTRACT Maternal hormones constitute a key signalling pathway for mothers to shape offspring phenotype and fitness. Thyroid hormones (THs; triiodothyronine, T3; and thyroxine, T4) are metabolic hormones known to play crucial roles in embryonic development and survival in all vertebrates. During early developmental stages, embryos exclusively rely on exposure to maternal THs, and maternal hypothyroidism can cause severe embryonic maldevelopment. The TH molecule includes iodine, an element that cannot be synthesised by the organism. Therefore, TH production may become costly when environmental iodine availability is low. This may yield a trade-off for breeding females between allocating the …
Medium-size droplets of methyl ricinoleate are reduced by cell-surface activity in the gamma-decalactone production by Yarrowia lipolytica.
2000
International audience; Size of methyl ricinoleate droplets during biotransformation into gamma-decalactone by Yarrowia lipolytica was measured in both homogenized and non-homogenized media. In non-homogenized but shaken medium, droplets had an average volume surface diameter d32 of 2.5 microm whereas it was 0.7 microm in homogenized and shaken medium. But as soon as yeast cells were inoculated, both diameters became similar at about 0.7 microm and did not vary significantly until the end of the culture. The growth of Y. lipolytica in both media was very similar except for the lag phase which was lowered in homogenized medium conditions.
Relation of lenacil metabolism with growth inhibition of acer pseudoplatanus cell suspension
1983
Abstract The action of lenacil, a herbicide which inhibits photosynthesis, was studied on Acer pseudoplatanus cell suspensions. The compound was quickly and thoroughly metabolized by cells into two major chloroform-extractable metabolites, but cell growth was temporarily inhibited while some cells were killed. As cell suspensions were non-photosynthetic, the data suggest that lenacil has site(s) of action other than that of photosynthesis. However, as the effects on photosynthesis occur at much lower concentrations (Hilton et al., Weeds, 12 (1964) 129), the effects on cell growth may be considered as secondary.
A harvestman with elaborate palpal pliers, Thunbergia gretae n. gen. n. sp. from China (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae)
2020
Abstract Based on the unusual characteristics of the male pedipalp and male genital morphology, a new genus and new species of Gagrellinae harvestmen, Thunbergia gretae n. gen. n. sp. (male and female) from Shaanxi Province, China, is proposed. The tibia and tarsus of the pedipalp form elaborate palpal claws, resembling gaspipe pliers, probably used to grasp the legs or the pedipalps of the female during courtship. There is no comparable modification of the pedipalp in the female. The penis lacks wing or sac-like (saccate) elements normally present in Gagrellinae, and the penis base is markedly inflated to form a bulb-like structure harbouring the penis muscle. Two or three opisthosomal ter…
Morphology of spermatheca in Scutelleridae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea) and its taxonomic significance
2016
AbstractStructures of spermatheca in 63 species of Scutelleridae (Hemiptera) representing 46 genera and all subfamilies currently recognised in the family were examined and compared. The morphology of three main parts of the spermatheca (receptacle, intermediate part, and spermathecal duct) was described and three main types of spermatheca in Scutelleridae were identified. The taxonomic importance of spermathecal features for the higher classification of scutellerids is discussed.
Influence of the marine feeding area on the muscle and egg fatty-acid composition of Atlantic salmonSalmo salarspawners estimated from the scale stab…
2017
Fatty acids in muscle tissue and eggs of female Atlantic salmon Salmo salar spawners were analysed to evaluate the dietary quality of their final feeding areas in the Baltic Sea. The final likely feeding area was identified by comparing stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of the outermost growth region (final annulus) of scales of returned S. salar with that of reference S. salar caught from different feeding areas. Some overlap of stable-isotope reference values among the three areas, in addition to prespawning fasting, decreased the ability of muscle tri-acylglycerols to discriminate the final likely feeding area and the area's dietary quality. Among three long-chained polyunsa…
Spectroscopic analysis of hot-water- and dilute-acid-extracted hardwood and softwood chips
2017
Hot-water and dilute sulfuric acid pretreatments were performed prior to chemical pulping for silver/white birch (Betula pendula/B. pubescens) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) chips to determine if varying pretreatment conditions on the original wood material were detectable via attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy. Pretreatment conditions varied with respect to temperature (130 °C and 150 °C) and treatment time (from 30 min to 120 min). The effects of the pretreatments on the composition of wood chips were determined by ATR infrared spectroscopy. The spectral data were compared to those determined by common wood chemistry analyses to evaluate the suitability of ATR spe…