Search results for "axis"

showing 10 items of 751 documents

The Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Gastrointestinal and Behavioural Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are a group of prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders. They present a complex and unknown etiology, which in most cases includes significant peripheral alterations outside the brain such as in the composition of gut microbiota. Because the gut microbiota is involved in modulating the gut-brain axis, several studies have suggested that the microbiome in the gut can modify metabolites which are able to cross the blood-brain barrier and modulate brain function. Methods: We reviewed the current evidence regarding microbiota alterations in patients with ASD and the effects of the administration of probiotics and prebiotics in these patients, both in te…

Autism Spectrum DisorderSynbioticsmedicine.medical_treatmentGut–brain axisBehavioral SymptomsGut floraBioinformaticslaw.inventionProbioticlawmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)MicrobiomeGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceuticsbiologybusiness.industryProbioticsPrebioticbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseGastrointestinal MicrobiomePrebioticsAutism spectrum disorderAutismbusinessCurrent Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology
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Generation of chemotactic activity by immune complexes carrying clustered or nonclustered C&42horbar; sites

1973

Sensitized cells (EA) bearing different numbers of &42horbar; sites were tested for their ability to generate chemotactic activity from C-EDTA. From the results it can be shown that: 1 the amount of chemotactic activity generated parallels the number of &42horbar; sites bound to the cell surface, 2 all &42horbar; sites clustered around a single hemolytic site are enzymatically active as far as generation of chemotactic activity is concerned, and, 3 no difference can be demonstrated with IgG or IgM antibodies

Binding SitesIgm antibodyChemotaxisImmunologyCellChemotaxisAntigen-Antibody ComplexComplement System ProteinsBiologyCytotoxicity Tests ImmunologicMolecular biologyRatsImmune systemmedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyLeukocytesmedicineAnimalsImmunology and AllergyRabbitsEdetic AcidEuropean Journal of Immunology
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The Biocontrol Agent and Insect Pathogen Photorhabdus luminescens Interacts with Plant Roots

2020

ABSTRACT The number of sustainable agriculture techniques to improve pest management and environmental safety is rising, as biological control agents are used to enhance disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance in crops. Here, we investigated the capacity of the Photorhabdus luminescens secondary variant to react to plant root exudates and their behavior toward microorganisms in the rhizosphere. P. luminescens is known to live in symbiosis with entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) and to be highly pathogenic toward insects. The P. luminescens-EPN relationship has been widely studied, and this combination has been used as a biological control agent; however, not much attention has been p…

Biological pest controlBiologyRhizobacteriaPlant RootsApplied Microbiology and Biotechnology03 medical and health sciencesPlant MicrobiologySymbiosisPhotorhabdus luminescensBotanyRNA-Seq030304 developmental biologyType VI secretion system0303 health sciencesRhizosphereEcology030306 microbiologyAbiotic stressChemotaxisGene Expression ProfilingfungiFungiBiofilmfood and beveragesExudates and Transudatesbiology.organism_classificationBiological Control AgentsGenes BacterialRhizospherePhotorhabdusFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and Environmental Microbiology
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Laser-induced anisotropy in terbium-gallium garnet

1998

Ga5O12 crystal when illuminated at the terbium ion resonance, becomes optically uniaxial. The optical axis is found to be along the beam-propagation axis. The origin of this symmetry breakdown is a thermal effect. Our observation of a conoscopic pattern is accounted for by a quadratic stress and refractive index distribution model. By spatial integration of the conoscopic pattern, the laser-induced stress birefringence variation as a function of the incident beam power is determined.

BirefringenceMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed matter physicsUniaxial crystalbusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementTerbiumLaserTerbium gallium garnetlaw.inventionCrystalOptical axischemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistrylawbusinessRefractive indexApplied Physics B: Lasers and Optics
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Hormonal and metabolic adaptation to fasting: effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarianaxis and reproductive performance of rabbit does

2006

To assess the impact of acute caloric shortage on reproduction, rabbit does were either fed ad libitum (control, AL), or fasted for 24 (STF) or 48 h (LTF) before induction of ovulation with GnRH injection. Blood samples were collected during the last 3 h of fasting, and the following 4 h after GnRH injection, when feed was provided again, to measure plasma concentrations of LH, estradiol-17β, leptin, insulin, T3, corticosterone, glucose, and NEFA. Before re-feeding, plasma leptin, insulin, and T3 concentrations were lower (P ≤ 0.01) in both fasted groups than in controls, but then gradually increased following realimentation to match those of controls. During fasting, corticoster…

Blood GlucoseLHHypothalamo-Hypophyseal Systemmedicine.medical_specialtymedia_common.quotation_subjectmedicine.medical_treatmentPituitary-Adrenal SystemHypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axisGonadotropin-releasing hormoneBiologyGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneRandom Allocationchemistry.chemical_compoundLEPTINEndocrinologyNEFAOvulation InductionFood AnimalsPregnancyRABBITCorticosteroneInternal medicineFASTINGmedicineAnimalsOvulationmedia_commonEstradiolReproductionLeptinInsulinOvaryEstradiol-17Luteinizing HormoneT3INSULINHormonesEndocrinologychemistryTriiodothyronineFemaleAnimal Science and ZoologyRabbitsCorticosteroneLuteinizing hormone
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Low-dose budesonide treatment for prevention of postoperative recurrence of Crohnʼs disease

1999

Summary and ConclusionAlthough the effect of budesonide was altogether positive in almost all variables studied in this train (e.g. endoscopic and histopathological score, time-to-failure, CDAI, patients' global judgement and rate of side effects), this increase in efficacy was small and the power f

Budesonidemedicine.medical_specialtyCrohn's diseaseHepatologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrymedicine.drug_classGastroenterologyPlacebo-controlled studyColonoscopymedicine.diseaseGastroenterologylaw.inventionSurgeryClinical trialRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicineChemoprophylaxismedicineCorticosteroidbusinessmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
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Inflammatory Chemokines Expression Variations and Their Receptors in APP/PS1 Mice

2021

Background: In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an increase in inflammation is distinctive. Amyloid precursor protein plus presenilin-1 (APP/PS1 mice) is a model for this illness. Chemokines secreted by central nervous system (CNS) cells could play multiple important roles in AD. Data looking for the chemokines involved in inflammatory mechanisms are lacking. To understand the changes that occur in the inflammation process in AD, it is necessary to improve strategies to act on specific inflammatory targets. Objective: Chemokines and their receptors involved in phagocytosis, demyelination, chemotaxis, and coagulation were the objective of our study. Methods: Female APPswe/PS1 double-transgenic mice…

CCR1CCR2ChemokineCCR3CCR4Mice TransgenicCCL7Amyloid beta-Protein PrecursorMiceChemokine receptorAlzheimer Diseasemental disordersAnimalsInflammationAmyloid beta-PeptidesbiologyGeneral NeuroscienceBrainChemotaxisGeneral MedicineDisease Models AnimalPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyImmunologybiology.proteinFemaleReceptors ChemokineChemokinesGeriatrics and GerontologyJournal of Alzheimer's Disease
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Roflumilast N-oxide combined with PI3Kδ inhibitor improves the phenotype of early-onset COPD

2016

Background: Severe, early-onset COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is characterized by a rapid decline in lung function at an early age with neutrophil over-activation. Roflumilast is approved as treatment for moderate and severe COPD at risk of exacerbation as add on therapy. Recent evidence indicates that the combination of PDE4 and PI3Kδ inhibitors show synergic anti-inflammatory properties. Objectives: To explore the effects from adding a selective PI3Kδ inhibitor to roflumilast N-oxide (RNO) in neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of severe, early-onset COPD patients in in vitro models. Methods: Neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood of 20 severe, early-onset C…

COPDbiologyExacerbationbusiness.industrySuperoxideElastaseChemotaxisPharmacologymedicine.diseaseIn vitrochemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryNeutrophil elastaseImmunologybiology.proteinMedicinebusinessRoflumilastmedicine.drug5.1 Airway Pharmacology and Treatment
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Stronger proprioceptive BOLD-responses in the somatosensory cortices reflect worse sensorimotor function in adolescents with and without cerebral pal…

2020

Graphical abstract

CP-oireyhtymäCHILDRENSM1PASSIVE FINGERDP diplegic3124 Neurology and psychiatryEVOKED-POTENTIALSBRAINChildMOTOR CORTEXPassive movementTE echo timeEM expectation maximizationliikeaistiBOLD Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent signalRegular ArticleMagnetic Resonance ImagingTD typically-developedTR repetition timeSIIGMFCS Gross Motor Function Classification SystemMANCOVA Multivariate analysis of covarianceEPI echo planar imagingHP hemiplegicfMRI functional magnetic resonance imagingFemaleTACTILE STIMULATIONhalvausAGE-RELATED DIFFERENCESAdolescentComputer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsR858-859.7HemiplegiaORGANIZATIONDiplegiatuntoaistiMOVEMENTSIPT Sensory Integration and Praxis TestsROI regions of interestHumansSISII cortex secondary somatosensory cortexCP cerebral palsyRC346-429ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSGLM General Linear ModelCerebral Palsy3112 NeurosciencesSPM Statistical Parametric MappingSomatosensory CortexHandProprioceptionSI cortex primary somatosensory cortexGABA CONCENTRATIONKinesthesiaNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemPSC percent signal change
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Kalziphylaxie: Ischämische Hautnekrosen bei terminaler Niereninsuffizienz

2000

Calciphylaxis is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication in chronic renal failure. It is characterized by ischemic tissue necrosis primarily of the skin. The typical histopathologic finding is microvascular calcification with endovascular fibrosis. Patients typically present with violaceous, mottled and painful lesions which tend to progress to non-healing ulcers and necrosis. Most frequently the lower extremities are involved in a symmetric fashion but the trunk may also be affected. Sepsis from superinfection of the lesions accounts for the high mortality of this disease which is of importance for dermatologists and nephrologists alike. 61-year-old female patient developed le…

Calciphylaxismedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentDermatologymedicine.diseaseDermatologySepsisFibrosisBiopsyMedicineHemodialysisbusinessComplicationCalcificationKidney diseaseDer Hautarzt
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