Search results for "back"

showing 10 items of 2078 documents

Single-trial-based temporal principal component analysis on extracting event-related potentials of interest for an individual subject.

2023

Background: Temporal principal component analysis (tPCA) has been widely used to extract event-related potentials (ERPs) at group level of multiple subjects ERP data and it assumes that the underlying factor loading is fixed across participants. However, such assumption may fail to work if latency and phase for one ERP vary considerably across participants. Furthermore, effect of number of trials on tPCA decomposition has not been systematically examined as well, especially for within-subject PCA. New method: We reanalyzed a real ERP data of an emotional experiment using tPCA to extract N2 and P2 from single-trial EEG of an individual. We also explored influence of the number of trials (con…

back-projectionsingle-trial analysisindividual subjectprincipal component analysisGeneral Neuroscienceevent-related potentialsJournal of neuroscience methods
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Community-based method for extracting backbones

2022

Networks are an adequate representation for modeling and analyzing a great variety of complex systems. However, understanding networks with millions of nodes and billions of connections can be pretty challenging due to memory and time constraints. Therefore, selecting the relevant nodes and edges of these large-scale networks while preserving their core information is a major issue. In most cases, the so-called backbone extraction methods are based either on coarse-graining or filtering approaches. Coarse-graining techniques reduce the network size by gathering similar nodes into super-nodes, while filter-based methods eliminate nodes or edges according to a statistical property. In this wo…

backbonecomplex networkscommunity structure[INFO] Computer Science [cs]
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Time-integrated Neutrino Source Searches with 10 years of IceCube Data

2020

Physical review letters 124(5), 051103 (1-9) (2020). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.051103

background [atmosphere]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenamedia_common.quotation_subjectGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics53001 natural sciencesIceCubeparticle source [neutrino]TRACK RECONSTRUCTION0103 physical sciencesddc:530atmosphere [muon]010306 general physicsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysicsmedia_commonastro-ph.HEPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)MuonAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsNorthern HemisphereAstronomyGalaxymessengerPhysics and AstronomySkycorrelationtime dependenceupgradegalaxyNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenastatistical
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Neutrinos below 100 TeV from the southern sky employing refined veto techniques to IceCube data

2020

Many Galactic sources of gamma rays, such as supernova remnants, are expected to produce neutrinos with a typical energy cutoff well below 100 TeV. For the IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, the southern sky, containing the inner part of the Galactic plane and the Galactic Center, is a particularly challenging region at these energies, because of the large background of atmospheric muons. In this paper, we present recent advancements in data selection strategies for track-like muon neutrino events with energies below 100 TeV from the southern sky. The strategies utilize the outer detector regions as veto and features of the signal pattern to reduce the background of atm…

background [atmosphere]Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsmedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenapoleFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentIceCube Neutrino ObservatoryIceCubecharged currentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Neutrinos; Point sources; Veto techniquesSEARCHTRACK RECONSTRUCTION0103 physical sciencessupernovaMuon neutrinoatmosphere [muon]Neutrinos010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysicsmedia_commonHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physicsneutrino muonMuon010308 nuclear & particles physicsICEGalactic CenterHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyVeto techniquesAstronomyPoint sourcesAstronomy and Astrophysicsflux [neutrino]Galactic planeobservatorySupernovaPhysics and AstronomySkyenergy [neutrino]gamma rayddc:540spectralHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentgalaxyNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Comparison between simulated and observed LHC beam backgrounds in the ATLAS experiment at E beam =4 TeV

2018

Results of dedicated Monte Carlo simulations of beam-induced background (BIB) in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented and compared with data recorded in 2012. During normal physics operation this background arises mainly from scattering of the 4 TeV protons on residual gas in the beam pipe. Methods of reconstructing the BIB signals in the ATLAS detector, developed and implemented in the simulation chain based on the FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation package, are described. The interaction rates are determined from the residual gas pressure distribution in the LHC ring in order to set an absolute scale on the predicted rates of BIB so that they can be compared qua…

background [beam]background: inducedPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCiencias FísicasMonte Carlo method01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentSubatomär fysik//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)beam lossesSubatomic Physicsscattering [p p][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]and programsInstrumentationQCMathematical PhysicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderRadiation calculationsAtlas (topology)Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics; single-particle dynamics)DetectorATLAS experimentSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSimulation methods and programBeams (radiation) Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics;; single-particle dynamics); Radiation calculations; Simulation methods; and programs; DETECTOR; SEARCHObservableAccelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamicMonte Carlo [numerical calculations]ATLASNuclear & Particles PhysicsAccelerator modelling and simulationsCERN LHC Coll collimators beam: backgroundcolliding beams [p p]numerical calculations: Monte CarloCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASParticle Physics - Experimentp p: scatteringAccelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics; Radiation calculations; Simulation methods and programs; single-particle dynamics); Instrumentation; Mathematical Physics530 PhysicsCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesFísica de Partículas y CamposAccelerator Physics and InstrumentationNuclear physicsFLUKAsingle-particle dynamics)ATLAS LHC High Energy PhysicsHIGH ENERGY PHYSICSSEARCH0103 physical sciencesddc:610010306 general physicsAbsolute scaleDETECTORpressure [gas]Science & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringhep-exRadiation calculationscatteringAcceleratorfysik och instrumentering//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https]ghostAccelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamicsSimulation methodscorrelationinduced [background]Experimental High Energy Physicsgas: pressureSimulation methods and programsp p: colliding beamsexperimental results
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Spectral shapes of forbidden argon β decays as background component for rare-event searches

2018

The spectral shape of the electrons from the two first-forbidden unique ${\beta }^{-}$ decays of 39Ar and 42Ar were calculated for the first time to the next-to-leading order. Especially the spectral shape of the 39Ar decay can be used to characterize this background component for dark matter searches based on argon. Alternatively, due to the low thresholds of these experiments, the spectral shape can be investigated over a wide energy range with high statistics and thus allow a sensitive comparison with the theoretical predictions, in particular at low electron energies where the shape of the computed β spectrum has a slight dependence on the value of the weak axial-vector coupling constan…

background componentforbidden argon β decayrare-event searchesspectral shapes
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Nozīmes veidošana attēlos: lingvistiskā un paralingvistiskā perspektīva

2021

Darba mērķis ir izpētīt, kā attēlu nozīmi iespējams interpretēt noteiktā kontekstā. Pētījums reaģē uz galējās interpretācijas problemātiku un ierosina skatīt Čārlza Pīrsa zīmju teoriju kā instrumentu, kas ļauj analizēt nozīmes radīšanas un interpretācijas procesualitāti noteiktas situācijas un kultūras kontekstā. Tiek pētīti četri atšķirīgi attēlu gadījumi (Hilma af Klinta, Sajs Tvomblijs, Gerhards Rihters un Vija Celmiņa), piemērojot mainīgos konteksta lielumus un Pīrsa zīmju klasifikācijas. Vijas Celmiņas intervijas fonētiskā un runātā diskursa analīze liecina, ka mākslinieces runātais teksts var attīstīt uztvērēja priekšzinās…

background knowledgepicturesfinal interpretantValodniecībasign classificationscontext variables
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Latest results from CUPID-0

2022

International audience; CUPID-0 is a pilot experiment in scintillating cryogenic calorimetry for the search of neutrino-less double beta decay. 26 ZnSe crystals were operated continuously in the first project phase (March 2017 - December 2018), demonstrating unprecedented low levels of background in the region of interest at the Q-value of $^{82}\rm{Se}$. From this successful experience comes a demonstration of full alpha to beta/gamma background separation, the most stringent limits on the $^{82}\rm{Se}$ neutrino-less double beta decay, as well as the most precise measurement of the $^{82}$Se half-life. After a detector upgrade, CUPID-0 began its second and last phase (June 2019 - February…

backgroundSettore FIS/04scintillation counter cryogenicstutkimuslaitteetdouble-beta decay[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]hiukkasfysiikkaBayesiandecay modescrystalilmaisimetdetector upgrade[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]spectralground stateydinfysiikkacalorimeter cryogenicsCUPID-0 Double beta decay cryogenic calorimeters scintillation exotic decay modes
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Dynamic MAC Parameters Configuration for Performance Optimization in 802.11e Networks

2006

Quality of service support in wireless LAN is a theme of current interest. Several solutions have been proposed in literature in order to protect time-sensitive traffic from best-effort traffic. According to the EDCA proposal, which is a completely distributed solution, the service differentiation is provided by giving probabilistically higher number of channel accesses to stations involved in real-time applications. To this purpose, the MAC parameter settings of each contending stations can be tuned dynamically. In this paper, we face the problem of tuning the EDCA MAC parameters in common scenarios in which a given number of low-rate delay-sensitive traffic flows share the channel with so…

backoff algorithmWireless local area networks (WLAN)Throughput
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Remarks on IEEE 802.11 DCF Performance Evaluation, IEEE Communication Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 8, Aug 2005 pp:765 - 767

2005

This letter presents a new approach to evaluate the throughput/delay performance of the 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF). Our approach relies on elementary conditional probability arguments rather than bidimensional Markov chains (as proposed in previous models), and can be easily extended to account for backoff operation more general than DCF's one

backoff algorithmWireless local area networks (WLAN)Throughput
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