Search results for "bacteria."

showing 10 items of 4757 documents

The hemagglutinin of Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a major adhesin for uroepithelial cells.

1996

The 160-kDa hemagglutinin of Staphylococcus saprophyticus also serves as a fibronectin-binding protein, and the two activities may be present on different parts of the molecule. Bacteria expressing the 160-kDa hemagglutinin bound in large numbers to histological sections of human ureters, whereas nonhemagglutinating bacteria did not bind. Binding was decreased by an antiserum to the 160-kDa protein and by a preparation of sheep erythrocyte membranes. Fibronectin had no effect. We therefore conclude that binding of S. saprophyticus to uroepithelial cells is mediated by the hemagglutinating activity of the 160-kDa surface protein.

StaphylococcusImmunologyBiologymedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyBacterial AdhesionEpitheliumMicrobiologymedicineAnimalsHumansAntiserumchemistry.chemical_classificationStaphylococcus saprophyticusSheepBinding proteinErythrocyte MembraneHemagglutininbiology.organism_classificationFibronectinsBacterial adhesinInfectious DiseasesHemagglutininschemistryParasitologyUreterGlycoproteinStaphylococcusBacteriaResearch ArticleInfection and immunity
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Control of biofilm formation by poly-ethylene-co-vinyl acetate films incorporating nisin.

2010

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of poly-ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA) films incorporating different concentrations (0.1%, 0.5% and 1%) of nisin on the biofilm-forming ability of Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Staphylococcus aureus 815 and Staphylococ-cus epidermidis ATCC 35984. Nisin was incorporated into two grades of EVA (EVA14 and EVA28) in the melt during a common film-blowing operation. The efficacy of EVA/nisin films was evaluated by biofilm biomass measurements and Live/Dead staining in combination with fluorescence microscopy. In order to evaluate whether the nisin incorporation could modify the film surface properties, contact angle measurements and scanning e…

Staphylococcusmedicine.disease_causeApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBacterial AdhesionNisin polymeric film biofilmMicrobiologyContact anglechemistry.chemical_compoundListeria monocytogenesStaphylococcus epidermidisStaphylococcus epidermidispolycyclic compoundsFluorescence microscopemedicineVinyl acetateNisinNisinListeria monocytogeneNisin; Polymeric film; Biofilm; Listeria monocytogenes; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidisbiologyBiofilmBiofilmFood PackagingGeneral Medicinebiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationListeria monocytogenesAnti-Bacterial AgentsSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiPolymeric filmchemistryStaphylococcus aureusBiofilmsStaphylococcus aureuPolyvinylsBiotechnologyNuclear chemistryApplied microbiology and biotechnology
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Addition of selected starter/non-starter lactic acid bacterial inoculums to stabilise PDO Pecorino Siciliano cheese production

2020

Abstract The present study was carried out to produce Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO) Pecorino Siciliano cheese with a multi-species lactic acid bacteria (LAB) culture, composed of starter and non-starter strains in order to reduce the microbiological variability of the products derived without LAB inoculums. To this end, cheese samples produced in six factories located in five provinces (Agrigento, Catania, Enna, Palermo and Trapani) of Sicily, and previously characterised for physicochemical, microbiological and sensory aspects, have been investigated in this work for bacterial microbiome, fatty acid (FA) composition as well as volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles. Analysis of …

Starter lactic acid bacteria030309 nutrition & dieteticsNon starter lactic acid bacteriaRaw milk ripened cheese03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyStarterMixed cultureCheeseLactobacillalesAnimalsSettore AGR/18 - Nutrizione E Alimentazione AnimaleFood scienceLactic AcidVolatile organic compoundsSicilyTypicalitychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiologyFatty acid04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classification040401 food scienceLactic acidSettore AGR/15 - SCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE ALIMENTARIMilkchemistryMiSeq IlluminaFood MicrobiologyComposition (visual arts)BacteriaSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia AgrariaFood Science
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Musket: a multistage k-mer spectrum-based error corrector for Illumina sequence data

2012

Abstract Motivation: The imperfect sequence data produced by next-generation sequencing technologies have motivated the development of a number of short-read error correctors in recent years. The majority of methods focus on the correction of substitution errors, which are the dominant error source in data produced by Illumina sequencing technology. Existing tools either score high in terms of recall or precision but not consistently high in terms of both measures. Results: In this article, we present Musket, an efficient multistage k-mer-based corrector for Illumina short-read data. We use the k-mer spectrum approach and introduce three correction techniques in a multistage workflow: two-s…

Statistics and ProbabilityComputer sciencebusiness.industrySequence assemblySequence Analysis DNAMusketBiochemistryComputer Science ApplicationsComputational MathematicsCUDASoftwareComputational Theory and Mathematicsk-merEscherichia coliChromosomes HumanHumansbusinessFocus (optics)Molecular BiologyAlgorithmAlgorithmsGenome BacterialSoftwareIllumina dye sequencingBioinformatics
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On the dimerization of the primitive tRNAs: implications in the origin of genetic code.

2002

RNAs that catalyse their own aminoacylation have been recently selected in vitro. These findings support the notion that the primitive aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases may have been RNAs. In this paper, we propose a structural model for the first aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase consisting of an RNA complex formed between two primitive tRNA molecules through two intermolecular loop-strand interactions, and with implications in the origin of the genetic code.

Statistics and ProbabilityGeneticsGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyModels GeneticApplied MathematicsRNAAminoacylationGeneral MedicineBiologyGenetic codeenvironment and public healthGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologyenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)RNA TransferGenetic CodeModeling and SimulationTransfer RNAbacteriaAnimalsGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesDimerizationJournal of theoretical biology
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Spatial data of Ixodes ricinus instar abundance and nymph pathogen prevalence, Scandinavia, 2016-2017.

2020

ticks carry pathogens that can cause disease in both animals and humans, and there is a need to monitor the distribution and abundance of ticks and the pathogens they carry to pinpoint potential high risk areas for tick-borne disease transmission. In a joint Scandinavian study, we measured Ixodes ricinus instar abundance at 159 sites in southern Scandinavia in August-September, 2016, and collected 29,440 tick nymphs at 50 of these sites. We additionally measured abundance at 30 sites in August-September, 2017. We tested the 29,440 tick nymphs in pools of 10 in a Fluidigm real-time PCR chip to screen for 17 different tick-associated pathogens, 2 pathogen groups and 3 tick species. We present…

Statistics and ProbabilityNymphIxodes ricinus030231 tropical medicineZoologyLibrary and Information SciencesTickScandinavian and Nordic CountriesEducation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAbundance (ecology)parasitic diseasesAnimalsNymphlcsh:ScienceAuthor CorrectionPathogenEcosystemEcological epidemiology0303 health sciencesEcologybiologyIxodes030306 microbiologybiology.organism_classificationComputer Science ApplicationsHabitatInstarlcsh:QStatistics Probability and UncertaintyBacterial infectionDisease transmissionEntomologyAnimal DistributionInformation SystemsVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480Scientific data
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Antibacterial Activity of Flavonoids Against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains

2000

An experimental and theoretical study was performed on the anti-staphylococcal activity of 18 natural and synthetic flavonoids against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. The analysed flavonoids belong to three well-differentiated structural patterns: chalcones, flavanones and flavones. The quantitative analysis of the anti-staphylococcal activity of the compounds was carried out by determining their percent inhibition degree. The hierarchical cluster analysis method was used to analyse the anti-MRSA activity of the compounds. With this methodology, the flavonoids were classified into four groups according to their anti-staphylococcal activity (high, sufficient, intermediat…

Statistics and ProbabilityStaphylococcus aureusChalconeStereochemistryFlavonoidMicrobial Sensitivity Testsmedicine.disease_causeFlavonesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundChalconemedicineAnimalsCluster AnalysisHumansStructure–activity relationshipFlavonoidschemistry.chemical_classificationGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyApplied MathematicsGeneral MedicineStaphylococcal InfectionsMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusAnti-Bacterial AgentschemistryBiochemistryStaphylococcus aureusModeling and SimulationMethicillin ResistanceGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesAntibacterial activityQuantitative analysis (chemistry)Journal of Theoretical Biology
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Two hundred and fifty-four metagenome-assembled bacterial genomes from the bank vole gut microbiota.

2020

Abstract Vertebrate gut microbiota provide many essential services to their host. To better understand the diversity of such services provided by gut microbiota in wild rodents, we assembled metagenome shotgun sequence data from a small mammal, the bank vole Myodes glareolus (Rodentia, Cricetidae). We were able to identify 254 metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) that were at least 50% ( n  = 133 MAGs), 80% ( n  = 77 MAGs) or 95% ( n  = 44 MAGs) complete. As typical for a rodent gut microbiota, these MAGs are dominated by taxa assigned to the phyla Bacteroidetes ( n  = 132 MAGs) and Firmicutes ( n  = 80), with some Spirochaetes ( n  = 15) and Proteobacteria ( n  = 11). Based on coverage over…

Statistics and Probabilitymetagenomicsbacterial genomicsGenomeBacteriametsämyyräArvicolinaesuolistomikrobistoBacterialsequencinggenomiikkaLibrary and Information Sciencesmicrobial ecologybakteeritComputer Science ApplicationsEducationGastrointestinal MicrobiomemikrobiekologiaAnimalslcsh:QStatistics Probability and Uncertaintylcsh:ScienceInformation Systems
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N-Heterocyclic choline analogues based on 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro(iso)quinoline scaffold with anticancer and anti-infective dual action

2016

Pharmacological effects of biologically active “small molecules” can be improved by their targeted modification, which affects drug delivery and interaction with tumor cells and microorganisms. We aimed to evaluate anticancer and antimicrobial activity of lipid-like choline derivatives modified via simultaneous introduction of tetrahydro(iso)quinoline based pharmacophore system at nitrogen atom and long chain alkyl substituent at oxygen atom. Target compounds were synthesized under phase-transfer catalysis conditions followed by quaternization, and evaluated for cytotoxicity and NO-generation ability on HT-1080 and MG-22A tumor cell lines and NIH 3T3 normal mouse fibroblasts, and screened f…

StereochemistryAntineoplastic AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsGram-Positive Bacteriamedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesDNA gyraseCholineInhibitory Concentration 50Mice03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery Systems0302 clinical medicineAnti-Infective AgentsCell Line TumorNeoplasmsGram-Negative BacteriamedicineAnimalsHumansCytotoxicityEscherichia coliPharmacologybiology010405 organic chemistryQuinolineFungiBiological activityGeneral MedicineAntimicrobialbiology.organism_classificationProteus mirabilis0104 chemical scienceschemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisNIH 3T3 CellsQuinolinesAntibacterial activityPharmacological Reports
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The effects of structural changes on the anti-microbial and anti-proliferative activities of diimidazolium salts

2017

An array of diimidazolium salts has been synthesized and used to investigate their anti-microbial and anti-proliferative activities. In particular, salts based on the 3,30-di-n-alkyl-1,10-(1,n-phenylenedimethylene)- diimidazolium cation and differing in the alkyl chain length on the imidazolium ion, the isomeric substitution on the aromatic spacer and in the anion nature were used. The anti-proliferative activity was evaluated against cervical (HeLa), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and breast (SKBR3) cancer cell lines. In the latter case, also a morphological assessment after treatment with salts was performed. All salts were tested for their hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes. On …

StereochemistryBacillus subtilis010402 general chemistrymedicine.disease_causeSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale01 natural sciencesCatalysisHeLaMaterials ChemistrymedicineSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaEscherichia coliAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationbiology010405 organic chemistryChemistryCationic polymerizationdiimidazolium salts anti-bacterial activity anti-proliferative activityBiological activityGeneral ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicabiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobial0104 chemical sciencesSettore BIO/18 - GeneticaSKBR3
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