Search results for "behavior"
showing 10 items of 13975 documents
MOTIVATION AND MOTIVES - DRIVER AND REASON OF CONSUMER'S BUYING BEHAVIOR
2013
The purpose of the paper is to understand and measure consumer's motives as part of the complex mental structure which has as result a certain buying behavior. To achieve this goal, the authors structured the paper in two parts: the first part contains a literature review regarding the concepts of motivation and motives, while the second part tries to measure and explain several dimensions of buying motives by using a statistical analysis tool - exploratory factor analysis.
A new species within the Centaurea busambarensis complex (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Sicily
2022
The Centaurea busambarensis group is made up by eight species endemic to Sicily. We statistically evaluated a population found on the Nebrodi Mountain (NE Sicily) to verify if the observed morphological differences with the already known taxa justified the description of a new one. It resulted in being sufficiently distinct to deserve recognition at the species level. Centaurea valdemonensis, a new species endemic to Sicily is described and illustrated here. It is confined to the Nebrodi Mountains (NE Sicily). The distinction of this taxon from the others belonging to the C. busambarensis complex has been supported with the aid of statistical analyses on morphological characters. The differ…
No phylogeographic structure in the circumpolar snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus)
2008
The snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus) is a nomadic species with a circumpolar distribution. It has recently declined in the western Palearctic and may thus be worthy of special consideration for conservation. We investigated genetic structure in three well separated geographic regions within the snowy owls’ breeding range. We sequenced two mitochondrial genes; the control region and cytochrome b, and two Z-chromosome introns; VLDLR-9 and BRM-15. We found no phylogeographic structure among the sampled regions, indicating high levels of gene flow in the recent past and possibly still today. Intra-population diversity did not vary between regions for the control region, but for Cyt b, North American…
Phylogeography of a Palaearctic sedentary passerine, the willow tit (Parus montanus)
2001
We analysed variation of the mitochondrial control region from willow tits through its Palaearctic distribution range. Although we found high amount of genetic variation (π=1.114%), there was almost no differentiation between subspecies or geographical localities. This may be because of a combination of several ecological and genetic factors, including a relatively homogenic habitat through the distribution range, lack of geographical barriers, high gene flow and a large long-term effective population size. On the contrary, in the songar tit, which is sometimes considered to be conspecific with the willow tit, the mitochondrial lineages seem to correlate with the geographical locality and a…
Environmental features of deep-sea habitats linked to the genetic population structure of a crustacean species in the Mediterranean Sea
2009
The deep-sea habitat, from 200 to 2000 m depth, has long been thought as an ecosystem where biotic and abiotic factors vary very little and consequently species are not disturbed by processes and phenomena which could promote fast evolutionary mechanisms. Unfortunately, biological information relating to deep water is limited, especially regarding the population genetics of species inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea, and general patterns cannot be inferred. In this study we report data on the population genetic structure of Aristeus antennatus, a deep-sea decapod crustacean species which has been widely studied due to its important economic value. We surveyed and examined the variation in a 3…
The Influence of Hedonic and Utilitarian Motivators on Likelihood to Buy a Tourism Package
2013
To fully understand the pattern of choice, it is important that any explanation of consumer behavior to be accompanied by a complete understanding of the interplay between a consumer’s functional goals and experiential preferences within the decision context. Consumer researchers have increasingly begun to investigate consumer choice based on distinctions that involve the purchase and consumption of goods for pleasure versus for more utilitarian and instrumental purposes. Consumers are often faced with these types of choices between hedonic and utilitarian alternatives that are at least partly driven by emotional desires rather than cold cognitive deliberations. This research approaches fac…
Buying Intentions Influenced by Various Determinants in Tourism
2014
Marketing has acquired a central role in tourism because it helps organizations to create value in transactions with buyers. Thus, this important area of any business process is used to educate consumers, to add value to their experience in tourism, and to seek new ways to reward loyalty through innovative schemes (e.g., programs for frequent travelers). This paper presents the examination of the responses of 154 tourists in relation to their intention to purchase a travel package and the factors that are usually decisive in the decision making process regarding tourism services, factors that could also create the loyalty that any tourism enterprise can create through marketing.
Conceptualizing ecosystem tipping points within a physiological framework
2017
Connecting the nonlinear and often counterintuitive physiological effects of multiple environmental drivers to the emergent impacts on ecosystems is a fundamental challenge. Unfortunately, the disconnect between the way “stressors” (e.g., warming) is considered in organismal (physiological) and ecological (community) contexts continues to hamper progress. Environmental drivers typically elicit biphasic physiological responses, where performance declines at levels above and below some optimum. It is also well understood that species exhibit highly variable response surfaces to these changes so that the optimum level of any environmental driver can vary among interacting species. Thus, specie…
Predicting mechanical behaviour and damage kinetics of a 3D interlock composite materials by using a multiscale approach
2012
International audience; The present work aims to investigate the mechanical behaviour and the damage kinetics of a3D interlock woven fabric composite, especially used for natural gas tanks dedicated to thetransportation industry. On the one hand, we aim at predicting the macroscopic coefficients ofthe stiffness matrix by homogenization multiscale approach. For this, we identified a basicunit cell which represents well the composite microstructure. On the other hand, damagemechanisms are analyzed: optical microscopy examinations on damaged specimens revealedseveral types of defects. We used the same multi-scale approach to assess the impact of thesedefects on the decrease of stiffness.
The role of in situ species diversification for the evolution of high vascular plant species diversity in the European Alps—A review and interpretati…
2017
Abstract By harbouring ca. 3500 native vascular plant species in an area of ca. 170 000 km2, the European Alps represent a region of very high species diversity. Using the most recently published flora of the area and phylogenetic literature, I here review which proportion of the endemic flora of the Alps is the result of in situ diversification, i.e., of diversification in the area and (largely) restricted to the area. There exist only very few and mostly species-poor species diversifications in the Alps, accounting for ca. 1.2% of the native and for ca. 9% of the endemic flora of the Alps. In contrast to this, ca. 33% of the endemic species of the Alps belong to lineages widespread in the…