Search results for "bioinformatics"

showing 10 items of 1632 documents

A Multivariate Analysis on Non-nucleoside HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors and Resistance Induced by Mutation

2003

This paper describes the use of multivariate statistical procedure PCA as a tool to explore the inhibitory activity of classes of NNRTIs against HIV-1 viruses (wild type and more frequent mutants, Y181C, V106A, K103N, L100I) and against RT enzyme. The analysis of correlations between biological activity and molecular descriptors or similarity indexes allowed a reliable classification of the fifty five derivatives considered in this study. The best results were obtained in the case of L100I and K103N mutants for which the higher number of assignments was found when the principal components derived from the descriptors were used. On this basis this statistical approach is proposed as a reliab…

Multivariate analysisOrganic ChemistryMutantWild typevirus diseasesBiological activityComputational biologyBiologyBioinformaticsSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaReverse transcriptaseComputer Science ApplicationsMolecular descriptorDrug DiscoveryMutation (genetic algorithm)Principal component analysisNNRTIs PCA DA resistance mutation
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MuTE: a MATLAB toolbox to compare established and novel estimators of the multivariate transfer entropy.

2014

A challenge for physiologists and neuroscientists is to map information transfer between components of the systems that they study at different scales, in order to derive important knowledge on structure and function from the analysis of the recorded dynamics. The components of physiological networks often interact in a nonlinear way and through mechanisms which are in general not completely known. It is then safer that the method of choice for analyzing these interactions does not rely on any model or assumption on the nature of the data and their interactions. Transfer entropy has emerged as a powerful tool to quantify directed dynamical interactions. In this paper we compare different ap…

Multivariate statisticsInformation transferTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceEntropyInformation TheorySocial SciencesCAUSALITYMedicine (all); Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)BioinformaticsMedicine and Health SciencesEntropy (energy dispersal)MultidisciplinaryEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)Medicine (all)QSoftware DevelopmentREstimatorSoftware EngineeringElectroencephalographyCausalityNeurologyCardiovascular DiseasesProbability distributionMedicineAlgorithmsResearch ArticleComputer ModelingComputer and Information SciencesScienceCardiologyProbability density functionEntropy (classical thermodynamics)Artificial IntelligenceLinear regressionEntropy (information theory)HumansComputer SimulationEntropy (arrow of time)Conditional entropyBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)EpilepsyBiology and Life SciencesModels TheoreticalMODELNonlinear systemAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)ROC CurveINFORMATION-TRANSFERSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaCognitive ScienceTransfer entropySoftwareEntropy (order and disorder)NeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Cancer growth dynamics: stochastic models and noise induced effects

2009

In the framework of the Michaelis‐Menten (MM) reaction kinetics, we analyze the cancer growth dynamics in the presence of the immune response. We found the coexistence of noise enhanced stability (NES) and resonant activation (RA) phenomena which act in an opposite way with respect to the extinction of the tumor. The role of the stochastic resonance (SR) in the case of weak cancer therapy has been analyzed. The evolutionary dynamics of a system of cancerous cells in a model of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is investigated by a Monte Carlo approach. We analyzed the effects of a targeted therapy on the evolutionary dynamics of normal, first‐mutant and cancerous cell populations. We show how …

Mutation rateStochastic modellingmedicine.medical_treatmentMyeloid leukemiaCancerStochastic resonance (sensory neurobiology)BiologyBioinformaticsmedicine.diseaseTargeted therapyCancer cellCancer researchmedicineEvolutionary dynamics
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Mir-661: A key Factor in Embryo-Maternal dialog With Potential Clinical Application to Predict Implantation Outcome?

2015

Implantation resulting in a full-term pregnancy is, by large, more than a passive process in which the developed conceptus is passively glued to the uterus through adhesive molecules. It is the result of a perfectly orchestrated dialog between a viable embryo and a receptive endometrium, through a mixture of paracrine and juxtacrine processes in which many key proteins and growth factors play fundamental roles (Pellicer et al., 2002.) Since their discovery, microRNAs have become prominent regulatory candidates, providing missing links for a few biological pathways in this process, although their exact role in human normal embryo formation and endometrial preparation for pregnancy remains un…

NectinsPopulationlcsh:MedicineContext (language use)Fertilization in VitroBiologyBioinformaticsEndometriumHistone DeacetylasesRNA TransportGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell LineTranscriptomeEndometriumParacrine signallingCell AdhesionmedicineHumansConceptusEmbryo ImplantationEukaryotic Initiation Factorseducationlcsh:R5-920education.field_of_studylcsh:REpithelial CellsEmbryoGeneral MedicineRepressor ProteinsMicroRNAsBlastocystmedicine.anatomical_structureArgonaute Proteinsembryonic structuresImmunologyCommentaryFemaleRNA Interferencelcsh:Medicine (General)Cell Adhesion MoleculesEmbryo qualityEBioMedicine
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Updated analysis of KRAS/NRAS and BRAF mutations in study 20050181 of panitumumab (pmab) plus FOLFIRI for second-line treatment (tx) of metastatic co…

2014

3568 Background: Previously, extended RAS analysis from this study showed a trend toward improvements in HR on OS and PFS with pmab + FOLFIRI vs FOLFIRI in WT RAS group vs WT KRAS exon 2 group. Her...

Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homologOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtySecond line treatmentbusiness.industryColorectal cancerBioinformaticsmedicine.diseasemedicine.disease_causeOncologyInternal medicineFOLFIRIMedicinePanitumumabKRASbusinessneoplasmsmedicine.drugJournal of Clinical Oncology
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Molecular Characterization of Relapsed Core-Binding Factor (CBF) Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

2015

Abstract Background: CBF-AML is defined by recurrent genetic abnormalities which encompass t(8;21)(q22;q22), inv(16)(p13.1q22) or less frequently t(16;16)(p13.1;q22). Most frequent secondary chromosome aberrations in t(8;21) AML are del(9q) or loss of a sex chromosome, and in inv(16)/t(16;16) AML trisomy 22 or trisomy 8. At the molecular level mutations involving KIT, FLT3, or NRAS were identified as recurrent lesions in CBF-AML. However, the underlying genetic alterations which might trigger relapse in CBF-AML are not well delineated. Thus, the aim of our study was to characterize the clonal architecture of relapsed CBF-AML. Methods: We performed mutational profiling (KIT, FLT3-ITD, FLT3-T…

Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homologOncologymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryImmunologyMyeloid leukemiaCell BiologyHematologyKit mutationCore binding factorBioinformaticsTrisomy 8medicine.diseaseBiochemistryExonInternal medicineChromosome abnormalityMedicinebusinessTrisomyBlood
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Pain Phenotypes in Rare Musculoskeletal and Neuromuscular Diseases

2020

For patients diagnosed with a rare musculoskeletal or neuromuscular disease, pain may transition from acute to chronic; the latter yielding additional challenges for both patients and care providers. We assessed the present understanding of pain across a set of ten rare, noninfectious, noncancerous disorders; Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Achondroplasia, Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, Fibrous Dysplasia/McCune-Albright Syndrome, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Infantile- and Late-Onset Pompe disease, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Through the integration of natural history, cross-sectional, retrospective…

Neuromuscular diseaseCognitive NeuroscienceDuchenne muscular dystrophyPainDiseaseBioinformaticsArticle03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050102 behavioral science & comparative psychologyAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryFibrous dysplasia05 social sciencesNeuromuscular Diseasesmedicine.diseaseCross-Sectional StudiesPhenotypeNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyComplex regional pain syndromeOsteogenesis imperfectaFibrodysplasia ossificans progressivabusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
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Biomarkers and Inflammatory Network in Aging

2014

Abstract Humans are characterized by a large heterogeneity in lifespans. The aging rate, measured as a decline of functional capacity and stress resistance, is different in every individual. Several attempts have been made to define the so-called biological age, but without achieving real success. Biomarkers of aging, which are represented by biological indicators selected using appropriate criteria, should help to characterize the biological age. Since age is a major risk factor in many degenerative diseases, such biomarkers could subsequently be used to identify individuals at a high risk of developing age-associated diseases or disabilities. In this chapter, some inflammatory biomarkers …

Nf κb signalingPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyBiomarkers of agingElderly populationBiological agemedicineRisk factor (computing)Working hypothesisBiologyBioinformaticsStress resistanceInflammatory biomarkers
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Animal Models of Hypertension

2007

Hypertension affects approximately 25% of adults and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although there are currently adequate therapeutic options for humans with hypertension, the molecular mechanisms underlying hypertension are still relatively unknown. The generation of hypertensive animal models provides an excellent modality to not only study the pathophysiology but also test innovative therapeutics. This chapter describes the detailed methods that utilize the drinking water of rats to develop models of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition-induced, guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase (GTPCH) inhibition-induced, and glucocorticoid-induced hypertension.

Nitric oxide synthasebiologybusiness.industryHypertensive animalbiology.proteinMedicineWater chemistryDiseaseRisk factorbusinessBioinformaticsPathophysiology
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4-[5-Amino-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzonitrile

2012

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C21H14FN5, the pyrazole ring forms dihedral angles of 38.0 (1), 40.0 (1) and 28.5 (1)° with the directly attached 4-fluorophenyl, pyridine and benzonitrile rings, respectively. The crystal packing is characterized by N—H...N hydrogen bonds, which result in a two-dimensional network parallel to theac-plane.

NitrileHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureDihedral anglePyrazoleCondensed Matter PhysicsRing (chemistry)BioinformaticsOrganic PapersMedicinal chemistrylcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundBenzonitrilelcsh:QD1-999chemistryPyridineGeneral Materials ScienceActa Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online
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