Search results for "capteur"
showing 10 items of 29 documents
Marrakair: une simulation participative pour observer les émissions atmosphériques du trafic routier en milieu urbain
2017
National audience; D’après l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS), la pollution de l’air est le principal risque environnemental pour la santé dans le monde 1 (OMS, 2013). Àl’échelle locale, la pollution atmosphérique agit sur quelques kilomètres et se manifeste à proximité des sources de pollution comme la proximité aux sites industriels. En milieu urbain, le premier contributeur aux émissions de NOx, CO, ou PM10 dans l’atmosphère est le trafic routier (CITEPA, 2014). La pollution atmosphérique automobile (PAA) se caractérise en effet par l’émission de composés toxiques et cancérigènes directement émis par les moteurs. L’intensité des émissions est à relier au nombre de véhicules présen…
Analyse locale des sensibilités des lectures angulaires, spectroscopiques et ellipsométriques de la Résonance des Plasmons de Surface en vue de la mi…
2006
The fluorescence labelling, used by the fluorescence biochips, is known to change the charge distribution of the labelled molecules and then modify their biological activity. Among label free biosensors, we choose an optical detection, such as spectroscopic ellipsometry and/or surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the biolayers.These optical techniques are based on the measurement of both thickness and optical index of the adsorbed biolayer. An AFM statistical measurement of the thickness of functionalized lithographed microstructures has been performed in order to determine the thickness of the biolayers.We have shown that the spectroscopic reading of the SPR phase shift is 100 times more sen…
Influence of mass transport on the competition between corrosion of aluminium alloy surface and the release of primer containing inhibitors : validat…
2014
The conventional aircraft paint scheme for corrosion protection of aluminum structures is partly based on application of a primer containing inhibitors. In such coatings, release of the inhibiting species enables fast healing of a bare metal surface after a mechanical damage of the protective layers. Nevertheless, considering possible depletion of inhibitors by uncontrolled leaching, it appears important to estimate the corrosion risk integrating “corrosion” sensors in the structure. The objective of this work was to understand the operating mode of a sensor simulating a damaged paint coating whose concept is based on the competition between the triggering of localized corrosion and the pas…
Food saltiness optimization using in-mouth sensors
2011
Food saltiness optimization using in-mouth sensors. International symposium olfaction & electronic noses (ISOEN 2011)
Data Compression Approach for Long-Term Monitoring of Pavement Structures
2019
Pavement structures are designed to withstand continuous damage during their design life. Damage starts as soon as the pavement is open to traffic and increases with time. If maintenance activities are not considered in the initial design or considered but not applied during the service life, damage will grow to a point where rehabilitation may be the only and most expensive option left. In order to monitor the evolution of damage and its severity in pavement structures, a novel data compression approach based on cumulative measurements from a piezoelectric sensor is presented in this paper. Specifically, the piezoelectric sensor uses a thin film of polyvinylidene fluoride to sense the ener…
Les matériaux pour capteurs chimiques
2002
National audience; A chemical sensor is composed of one part supplying chemical reco gnition coupled to one transducingsystem. At the recognition origin, interaction with the target chemical species is oftwo types, either electronicexchange, or ionic exchange. Two large classes of materials that can supply recognition proceed: metals andsemiconductors giving rise to electronic exchange and ionic conducting materials giving rise to ionic exchan-ge. This paper is structured in tw o large parts, emphasizing on materi als inducing specific interactions:semiconductor materials (metallic oxides and molecular semiconductors) and ionic conductor materials.In each part will be presented nature of ma…
Supercontinuum generation in chalcogenide: application to gas spectroscopy in atmospheric band III
2023
This thesis work aims to contribute to the development of new fiber sources emitting over a wide range of wavelengths in the IR, in particular to detect greenhouse gases in the mid-infrared range. Our spectroscopy results with nitrous oxide N2O and methane CH4 are obtained in band III. To achieve this, the generation of supercontinuum (SC) covering band III was made possible by using chalcogenide optical fibers, purified and free of highly toxic elements according to REACH regulations, in particular arsenic and antimony. The fibrable vitreous composition belonging to the Ge-Se-Te ternary system fits perfectly into the context of sustainable development, it is the one that has been identifie…
Development of a microwave transduction gas sensor
2013
In this work, we have developed a new gas-sensing transduction based on the propagation of microwave inside a sensitive material to detect atmospheric pollutants at room temperature. First, we present a short overview of the main gas-sensing transduction in the litterature. These techniques operate in frequency ranges different from microwaves. The dielectric permittivity is the main physical parameter in the microwave transduction. The principle is based on the excitation of a sensitive material by a microwave electromagnetic field in a propagative structure. The reflected wave is specific to the excitation's frequency. It depends on the interaction between the sensitive material and the p…
Analyse spectrale et texturale de données à haute résolution pour la détection automatique des maladies de la vigne
2019
‘Flavescence dorée’ is a contagious and incurable disease present on the vine leaves. In order to contain the infection, the regulations require growers to control each of the vine rows and to remove the suspect vine plants. This monitoring is done on foot during the harvest and mobilizes many people during a strategic period for viticulture. In order to solve this problem, the DAMAV project (Automatic detection of Vine Diseases) aims to develop a solution for automated detection of vine diseases using a micro-drone. The goal is to offer a turnkey solution for wine growers. This tool will allow the search for potential foci, and then more generally any type of vine diseases detectable on th…
Modifications électrochimiques de surfaces et dispositifs électroniques organiques
2018
Organic electronics remains a fruitful research field thanks to the diversity of molecular structures reachable by organic synthesis. Molecular materials offer convenient shaping processes, such as solution processing techniques, which can be used for the fabrication of organic devices on plastic substrates.Our works can be summarized as the elaboration of conductometric devices thanks to electrochemistry and the study of their electrical and sensing properties. They deal with two topics: the development of new transducers based on substituted polyanilines and phthalocyanines and the study of the influence of electrochemical modifications on the behavior of known devices.We first developped…