Search results for "carabid"

Le paysage agricole: un levier d’action pour promouvoir la prédation des graines d’adventices par les carabidés

2014

L’organisation spatiale du paysage : un levier d’action pour promouvoir le service de prédation des graines d’adventices par les carabidés ?

2014

National audience; Le contexte actuel engage à développer une agriculture durable et entre autres de favoriser des services écosystémiques comme la régulation biologique des bio-agresseurs par des auxiliaires de cultures. Parmi les processus impliqués dans ces régulations biologiques, la prédation des graines d’adventices par les coléoptères carabidés opère de façon générique dans les parcelles cultivées et peut être considérée comme un service écosystémique. Elle résulte de l’action de certaines espèces ‘granivores’ spécialistes souvent peu abondantes dans les champs ainsi que de l’action d’espèces omnivores pour lesquelles les graines d’adventices peuvent représenter une ressource alterna…

Influence du colza et des prairies à différentes échelles spatiales sur l’abondance des carabes prédateurs de graines d’adventices

2014

National audience; Les coléoptères carabidae sont très représentés dans les cultures annuelles où ils peuvent contribuer au contrôle biologique de bioagresseurs. Ainsi, les carabes omnivores et granivores consomment des quantités importantes de graines de plantes adventices. Des études récentes suggèrent que la réponse des communautés de carabes à l’organisation du paysage est en partie dépendante de leur guilde trophique. Néanmoins, dans le cas de carabes consommateurs de graines d’adventices, on connait peu les types d’occupation du sol qui les favorisent au sein d’un paysage et l’échelle spatiale à laquelle ces insectes répondent. Ici, nous avons analysé les variations de l’abondance de …

Un état des connaissances sur la prédation des graines adventices par les invertébrés

2013

Adopting agro-ecological management in farming systems requires a good knowledge of the different organisms that interact within the agorecosystem. Research on weed seed predation by invertebrates (Coleoptera, Adephaga, Carabidae) is booming. Here, we present an overview of current available knowledge on this ecosystem service and factors that may be important to enhance it.

Can obligatory omnivore carabids be useful for the biocontrol of weeds?

2017

National audience; Many thousands of carabid individuals exist in farm fields, in communities of carnivore and opportunistic (e.g. granivores) and obligate omnivore guilds. As carabids can eat a substantial amount of weed seeds they are considered as credible biocontrol agents for the regulation of weeds in arable fields. Some studies have suggested that “granivores” are more important biocontrol agents than obligate omnivorous species. Yet, in some instances, obligate omnivores are very abundant and appear to drive the predation of weeds leading some authors to question whether specialist natural enemies are better. Moreover, niche complementarity, facilitation and interference (i.e. intra…

Spatio-temporal dynamics of weed seed eating carabid species in agricultural mosaics: variation of annual habitat quality of oil seed rape and role o…

2017

National audience; Carabid beetles are considered as important contributors to the regulation of weeds and recent studies have shown that weed seed predation by carabids may partly substitute for herbicide use in agriculture. Enhancing this ecosystem service requires to understand the spatio-temporal distribution of these species during the cropping season. Infra-annual variation in the spatial distribution of ground beetles within agricultural mosaics is less documented but of prime importance given that agricultural landscapes are highly dynamics. Indeed, crop phenology, agricultural operations but also habitat requirements during life cycle can lead to a redistribution of individuals bet…

Régulations biologiques des adventices: la prédation par les carabidés en semis direct sous couvert

2013

Stability of consumption pattern in two seed eating carabid species

2017

SPEGESTADDOCT INRA; Carabids can eat a substantial amount of seeds of weeds per day and are considered as credible biocontrol agents for the regulation of weeds in arable fields. Carabids species belong to either granivore, omnivore or carnivore trophic guilds and we expected each of these to have specific patterns of weed seed consumption and specific responses to biotic interactions. These differences will impact the total predation rate of a carabid community and may also explain why it is difficult to predict the efficiency of carabid biocontrol service. To test this expectation, we looked at the consumption pattern of two species of carabids species common in arable fields, one known a…

Quantification of the contribution of weed seed predators to crop yield

2023

30 book of abstracts; International audience

Effects of undergrowth removal and edge proximity on ground beetles and vascular plants in urban boreal forests

2019

Urban forests are regularly managed for human safety and esthetic reasons, but they are crucial habitat for many species. Removals of undergrowth occur commonly in these forests, yet the ecological consequences of these operations are poorly understood. We sampled ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) and vascular plants along 20-m edge gradients in Finnish urban forests, in five stands treated 0.5–2.5 years earlier with undergrowth removal and in five untreated stands. We hypothesized that undergrowth removal and edge proximity would benefit opportunistic and open-habitat species, whereas shady-habitat species would be affected negatively. (1) Regarding carabids, diversity and evenness in…