Search results for "carbon"

showing 10 items of 6057 documents

Organic matter and wettability characteristics of wildfire ash from Mediterranean conifer forests

2015

Abstract Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and water repellency (wettability) determination of ash samples collected following wildfires at four different Mediterranean conifer forest sites in eastern Spain were conducted to provide insights into variations in key chemical and physical characteristics of ash. TGA allowed the evaluation of organic matter (OM) and inorganic carbonate (IC) characteristics and their role in ash wettability. Thermogravimetric profiles were recorded for 40 ash samples (ten from each site). The persistence of water repellency of all ash samples was assessed by the Water Drop Penetration Time (WDPT) test. OM contents decreased, whilst OM stability indices and IC con…

inorganic chemicalschemistry.chemical_classificationMediterranean climateHydrologyThermogravimetric analysisPhysicsCarbon sinkCombustionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryWater repellentEnvironmental chemistryEnvironmental scienceCarbonateOrganic matterWettingBiologyEarth-Surface Processes
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Difference in the behavior of methyl (S)-?-bromopropionate in its addition to trimethylvinylsilane depending on the method of initiation

1996

The addition of methyl (S)-2-bromopropionate to trimethylvinylsilane initiated by systems based on iron pentacarbonyl affords a racemic adduct and is accompanied by racemization of the unreacted chiral ester. In the presence of benzoyl peroxide, the reaction proceeds similarly, but no racemization of the starting chiral ester occurs.

inorganic chemicalschemistry.chemical_compoundChemistryorganic chemicalsmedicineOrganic chemistryGeneral ChemistryBenzoyl peroxideMedicinal chemistryRacemizationIron pentacarbonylAdductmedicine.drugRussian Chemical Bulletin
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Bifunctional Acid-Base Catalysis

2011

Acid-base catalysis with bifunctional catalysts is a very prominent catalytic strategy in both small-molecule organocatalysts as well as enzyme catalysis. In both worlds, small-molecule catalysts and enzymatic catalysis, a variety of different general acids or hydrogen bond donors are used. In this chapter, important parallels between small molecule catalysts and enzymes are discussed, and a comparison is also made to the emerging field of frustrated Lewis pair catalysis.

inorganic chemicalschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryHydrogen bondTetrahedral carbonyl addition compoundOxyanion holeBifunctionalCombinatorial chemistryFrustrated Lewis pairBifunctional catalystCatalysisEnzyme catalysis
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ORR Activity and Stability of Co-N/C Catalysts Based on Silicon Carbide Derived Carbon and the Impact of Loading in Acidic Media

2018

This work was supported by the EU through the European Regional Development Fund under projects TK141 “Advanced materials and high-technology devices for energy recuperation systems” (2014-2020.4.01.15-0011), NAMUR ”Nanomaterials - research and applications” (3.2.0304.12-0397) and by the Estonian institutional research grant No. IUT20-13.

inorganic chemicalschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryElectrochemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyCatalysisElectron transferchemistry.chemical_compoundX-ray photoelectron spectroscopy:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Materials ChemistryElectrochemistrySilicon carbideheterocyclic compoundsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryorganic chemicals021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsNitrogen0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsChemical engineeringDegradation (geology)0210 nano-technologyCarbonJournal of The Electrochemical Society
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Lignin-based activated carbon-supported metal oxide catalysts in lactic acid production from glucose

2021

In this study, heterogeneous biomass-based activated carbon-supported metal oxide catalysts were prepared and tested for lactic acid production from glucose in aqueous solution. Activated carbons were produced from hydrolysis lignin by chemical (ZnCl2) or steam activation and modified with a nitric acid treatment and Sn, Al, and Cr chlorides to obtain carbon-based metal oxide catalysts. The modification of the carbon support by nitric acid treatment together with Sn and Al oxides led to an increase in lactic acid yield. The highest lactic acid yield (42%) was obtained after 20 minutes at 180 °C with the Sn/Al (5/2.5 wt.%) catalyst on steam-activated carbon treated by nitric acid. Reusabilit…

inorganic chemicalsmaitohappobiomasskemialliset reaktiotheterogeneous catalystlactic acidfood and beveragesmetal oxidecomplex mixturesglukoosikatalyytitkatalyysiaktiivihiilioksiditkemian tekniikkaactivated carbonbiomassa (teollisuus)aqueous solutionmuuntaminen
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In Vitro and In Vivo Regulation of SRD5A mRNA Expression of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract from Asparagus racemosus Willd. Root as Anti-Sebum a…

2022

Oily skin from overactive sebaceous glands affects self-confidence and personality. There is report of an association between steroid 5-alpha reductase gene (SRD5A) expression and facial sebum production. There is no study of the effect of Asparagus racemosus Willd. root extract on the regulation of SRD5A mRNA expression and anti-sebum efficacy. This study extracted A. racemosus using the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid technique with ethanol and investigated its biological compounds and activities. The A. racemosus root extract had a high content of polyphenolic compounds, including quercetin, naringenin, and p-coumaric acid, and DPPH scavenging activity comparable to that of the standa…

integumentary systemChemistry (miscellaneous)Organic ChemistryDrug DiscoveryMolecular MedicinePharmaceutical SciencePellPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryanti-sebum efficacy; <i>Asparagus racemosus</i>; facial-pore-minimizing efficacy; facial sebum production; 5-alpha reductase enzymes; human volunteer; oily skin; polyphenols; <i>SRD5A</i>; supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extractionPlantes medicinalsAndrògensAnalytical ChemistryMolecules
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Variability in proto-PNe. II.

2014

We have carried out a detailed observational study of the light, color, and velocity variations of two bright, carbon-rich proto-planetary nebulae, IRAS 22223+4327 and 22272+5435. The light curves are based upon our observations from 1994 to 2011, together with published data by Arkhipova and collaborators. They each display four significant periods, with primary periods for IRAS 22223+4327 and 22272+5435 being 90 and 132 days, respectively. For each of them, the ratio of secondary to primary period is 0.95, a value much different from that found in Cepheids, but which may be characteristic of post-asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. Fewer significant periods are found in the smaller radia…

interstellar mediumAstrophysics and AstronomyRadial velocityCarbon starsPhysicsPlanetary nebulaeexoplanet astronomystellar astronomyOptical astronomyobservational astronomyPhotometryGiant starsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsNatural SciencesAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsInfrared photometry
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Management of Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Airport Inventories

2020

Greenhouse gases retain heat in the atmosphere since they absorb most of the Earth's outgoing long wave infrared radiation. The energy trapping alters the radiative balance that, in turn, modifies weather patterns at a global scale, progressively increasing the natural greenhouse effect. Heattrapping ability of some pollutants and primarily the carbon overload in the atmosphere as a result of human activities which have been protracted over a long period of time, has led to climate change and increase in global average temperature. In a long-term perspective, emission abatement from aviation sector has needed wide-ranging strategies. In this view an inventory of greenhouse gases can be a be…

inventoryairportSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed Aeroporticarbon emissionsGreenhouse gas emission
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A Study of Osmosis Rate Through Several Proton Conducting Polymer Composite Membranes

2021

Carbon dioxide is typically considered to be a byproduct of various industrial processes that should not be released into the environment due to its nature as a harmful greenhouse gas. One of the more promising ways to dispose of it in an economical and environmentally friendly way is by using it as a raw material in electrochemical synthesis reactors. An important part of such reactors is an ion exchange membrane. In this study the influence of ZrO2 content in SPEEK – ZrO2 composite membranes on rate of osmosis trough them was investigated, with the goal of evaluating ZrO2 as an additive for making ion exchange membranes with fine-tuned osmotic permeability.

ion exchange membraneMaterials science020209 energy02 engineering and technologyRaw materialOsmosis7. Clean energy12. Responsible consumptionchemistry.chemical_compound0203 mechanical engineeringcomposite membrane0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGeneral Materials ScienceConductive polymerMining engineering. MetallurgyIon exchangeTN1-997Environmentally friendlysulfonated polyetheretherketonePermeability (earth sciences)020303 mechanical engineering & transportsMembranechemistryChemical engineering13. Climate actionCarbon dioxidezirconium dioxideosmosisMaterials Science
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Polycarbonate depolymerization promoted by Task-Specific Ionic Liquids and Ultrasound

ionic liquidsPolycarbonateSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaDepolymerization
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