Search results for "causality"
showing 10 items of 258 documents
Disability, physical activity, and muscle strength in older women: The women's health and aging study
1999
Abstract Objective: To study associations of motor disability, physical activity, and muscle strength in older women, in particular to investigate whether model of spiraling decrease is expressed in the data. Design: Cross-sectional analysis using data from the base-line measurements of The Women's Health and Aging Study (WHAS). Setting: Participants' homes. Participants: A total of 1,002 disabled women aged 65 years and older living in the community. Outcome Measures: Motor disability was measured by the number of self-reported difficulties in grasping, lifting 101b, walking across a small room, walking 14 mile, climbing 10 steps, and doing heavy housework. Level of physical activity was d…
Granger causality analysis of sleep brain-heart interactions
2014
We studied the networks of Granger causality (GC) between the time series of cardiac vagal autonomic activity and brain wave activities, measured respectively as the normalized high frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability and EEG power in the δ, θ, α, Ï, β bands, computed in 10 healthy subjects during sleep. GC analysis was performed by vector autoregressive modeling, and significance of each link in the network was assessed using F-statistics. The whole-night analysis revealed the existence of a fully connected network of brain-heart and brain-brain interactions, with the à EEG power acting as a hub which conveys the largest number of GC links between the heart and brain n…
Perdere il senno e darsi la morte. Due casi singolari di punizione divina nelle Storie di Erodoto (V 85; VI, 75)
2016
Scopo di questo paper è l’analisi dei temi della follia e del suicidio nella struttura narrativa di Erodoto. I due episodi esaminati sono: a) il racconto della pazzia che colpì gli Ateniesi, che avevano tentato invano di sottrarre agli Egineti le sacre statue di Damia e Auxesia; b) la storia dei disaccordi tra i due re spartani Demarato e Cleomene e il loro tragico esito. Questi due episodi sono profondamente interconnessi: attraverso i rimandi interni, suggeriti dalle scelte linguistiche dello storico, noi vogliamo infine riflettere sul modello causale erodoteo. The aim of this paper is the analysis of the themes of madness and suicide in the narrative structure of Herodotus. Two episodes …
Mathematical properties of nested residues and their application to multi-loop scattering amplitudes
2021
Journal of high energy physics 02(2), 112 (2021). doi:10.1007/JHEP02(2021)112
Scale-dependent metric and causal structures in Quantum Einstein Gravity
2006
Within the asymptotic safety scenario for gravity various conceptual issues related to the scale dependence of the metric are analyzed. The running effective field equations implied by the effective average action of Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG) and the resulting families of resolution dependent metrics are discussed. The status of scale dependent vs. scale independent diffeomorphisms is clarified, and the difference between isometries implemented by scale dependent and independent Killing vectors is explained. A concept of scale dependent causality is proposed and illustrated by various simple examples. The possibility of assigning an "intrinsic length" to objects in a QEG spacetime is a…
What does Ramon Llull mean when he says «[el resclús] se maravellá com podia esser que Deus no exoya la natura humana de Jesucrist, qui pregava per s…
2014
The proto-novel Fèlix, o Llibre de meravelles contains many unsettling «meravelles» or «wonders». One such consists in an observation made by a «recluse» —rather than by a professional theologian— concerning the prayers of Christ and of Mary and the angels, etc., to the effect that their prayers have been unable to call forth any response from God. The efficacy of such prayers is thus brought into question, as is the readiness of God’s mercy and grace. By contextualising such matters within medieval currents of Neoplatonism, particularly the doctrine of causality, I argue that Llull presents a causally conceived theorisation of the hypostatic union. I identify Biblical and medieval preceden…
The anatomy and causal structure of a corporate myth: Nokia by the book
2014
In this paper we conceptualise explanations of company-specific commercial performance as corporate myths. To improve our understanding of anatomy and causal structure of corporate myths, we analyse publications that deal with Nokia’s historical transformation from a lossmaking 1980s conglomerate to a focused and successful telecommunications company in the early 1990s. From a corpus of related literature, 89 causal arguments are identified and analysed in terms of the logic of the arguments employed. The analysis shows that (1) most existing analyses offer either a specific or a biased explanation for Nokia’s success; (2) very few explanations are either plausible or logical; (3) it is mos…
Literacy skills seem to fuel literacy enjoyment, rather than vice versa
2023
Children who like to read and write tend to be better at it. This association is typically interpreted as enjoyment impacting engagement in literacy activities, which boosts literacy skills. We fitted direction-of-causation models to partial data of 3690 Finnish twins aged 12. Literacy skills were rated by the twins' teachers and literacy enjoyment by the twins themselves. A bivariate twin model showed substantial genetic influences on literacy skills (70%) and literacy enjoyment (35%). In both skills and enjoyment, shared-environmental influences explained about 20% in each. The best-fitting direction-of-causation model showed that skills impacted enjoyment, while the influence in the othe…
A Long Term View on the Short Term Co-movement of Output and Prices in a Small Open Economy
2012
- One assumption behind inflation targeting as objective for monetary policy is that inflation rates in the short run to some extent reflect output cycles. The present paper investigates the historical co-movements of output and prices for a small open raw material based economy, in this case Norway 1830 – 2006. Looking at contemporaneous movements we find more often negative correlations between the two variables than positive. The correlations do not give any evidence of causality. However, they may indicate that supply side shocks, often caused by the foreign sector, were more important for historical output cycles in Norway than assumed hitherto
Information Decomposition in Multivariate Systems: Definitions, Implementation and Application to Cardiovascular Networks
2016
The continuously growing framework of information dynamics encompasses a set of tools, rooted in information theory and statistical physics, which allow to quantify different aspects of the statistical structure of multivariate processes reflecting the temporal dynamics of complex networks. Building on the most recent developments in this field, this work designs a complete approach to dissect the information carried by the target of a network of multiple interacting systems into the new information produced by the system, the information stored in the system, and the information transferred to it from the other systems; information storage and transfer are then further decomposed into amou…