Search results for "cb"
showing 10 items of 647 documents
Effects of CB1 and CB2 receptor agonists on the neurally-evoked responses in mouse stomach.
2007
Cannabis and the Mesolimbic System
2016
Abstract Cannabis sativa (hemp) is a flowering annual plant whose phytochemical by-products, hashish and marihuana, are the most widely produced and most frequently used illicit drugs in Europe. Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol is the primary psychoactive constituent, responsible, in a dose-related manner, for euphoria, cognitive effects, and psychotic symptoms, as well as the addictive potential of smoked cannabis due to its interference with the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. Cannabis as well as endocannabinoids acts mainly at the presynaptic levels in several brain regions, including the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area, where it modulates synaptic activity. Through the modulation …
Plasma membrane and lysosomal localization of CB1 cannabinoid receptor are dependent on lipid rafts and regulated by anandamide in human breast cance…
2005
AbstractIn this report we show, by confocal analysis of indirect immunofluorescence, that the type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R), which belongs to the family of G-protein-coupled receptors, is expressed on the plasma membrane in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. However, a substantial proportion of the receptor is present in lysosomes. We found that CB1R is associated with cholesterol- and sphyngolipid-enriched membrane domains (rafts). Cholesterol depletion by methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD) treatment strongly reduces the flotation of the protein on the raft-fractions (DRM) of sucrose density gradients suggesting that CB1 raft-association is cholesterol dependent. Interestingly binding of …
Cannabinoid type-1 receptor signaling in central serotonergic neurons regulates anxiety-like behavior and sociability.
2015
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system possesses neuromodulatory functions by influencing the release of various neurotransmitters, including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate. A functional interaction between eCBs and the serotonergic system has already been suggested. Previously, we showed that cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptor mRNA and protein are localized in serotonergic neurons of the raphe nuclei, implying that the eCB system can modulate serotonergic functions. In order to substantiate the physiological role of the CB1 receptor in serotonergic neurons of the raphe nuclei, we generated serotonergic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neuron-specific CB 1 receptor-deficient mice, using the Cr…
Evidence for a modulatory role of cannabinoids on the excitatory NANC neurotransmission in mouse colon
2007
Abstract It is well accepted that endogenous cannabinoids and CB1 receptors are involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contractility and intestinal motility, through a mechanism mainly related to reduction of acetylcholine release from cholinergic nerve endings. Because, few data exist on a possible modulatory action of the cannabinoid agents on the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cannabinoid drugs on the NANC responses elicited by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in the circular muscle of mouse proximal colon. Colonic contractions were monitored as changes in endoluminal…
Cannabinoid control of brain bioenergetics: Exploring the subcellular localization of the CB1 receptor
2014
Brain mitochondrial activity is centrally involved in the central control of energy balance. When studying mitochondrial functions in the brain, however, discrepant results might be obtained, depending on the experimental approaches. For instance, immunostaining experiments and biochemical isolation of organelles expose investigators to risks of false positive and/or false negative results. As an example, the functional presence of cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors on brain mitochondrial membranes (mtCB1) was recently reported and rapidly challenged, claiming that the original observation was likely due to artifact results. Here, we addressed this issue by directly comparing the procedures…
Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Emotional Well-Being and Parental Stress
2022
(1) Introduction: The aim of our research was to explore emotional/behavioral changes in adolescents with neuropsychiatric conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic, and parental stress levels through a standardized assessment, comparing the data collected before and during the first months of lockdown. Moreover, an additional goal was to detect a possible relationship between emotional/behavioural symptoms of adolescents and the stress levels of their parents. (2) Methods: We enrolled 178 Italian adolescents aged between 12–18 that were referred to the Child Neuropsychiatry Unit of the University Hospital of Salerno with different neuropsychiatric diagnoses. Two standardized questionnaires w…
Bartotraumatic Blowout Fracture After Sneezing: Cone Beam CT demonstration
2013
Rarely a blowout orbital fracture is related to sneezing in patients with no history of trauma or sinus surgery. A case of barotraumatic, pure and isolated blowout fracture of the right orbit after sneezing diagnosed by CBCT is reported. A forty-year-old man complained sudden right diplopia after vigorous sneezing. On MRI a reduced size and an altered shape of the right maxillary sinus, a slightly increased vertical diameter of the right orbit, a round shape of the inferior rectus muscle on coronal sections, and a right maxillary haemosinus were observed. A strong peripheral enhancement of the maxillary sinus wall was evident. One week after the patient was submitted to a maxillofacial CBCT…
Radzenes biomehānisko rādītāju izmaiņas, izmantojot eksimera lāzeru MEL-90
2017
Ievads: Refraktīvā ķirurģija ir vistraujāk progresējusī oftalmoloģijas joma pēdējo 20 gadu laikā. Neskatoties uz augsto panākumu līmeni, atsevišķos gadījumos tiek konstatēta radzenes ektāzija pēc veiktās operācijas. Ir nepieciešams identificēt ektāzijas attīstības riska faktorus un diagnosticēt ektāziju pirms vizuālām izmaiņām radzenē, lai tiktu uzlabota refraktīvās ķirurģijas kandidātu atlase un, lai ektāziju būtu iespējams efektīvi ārstēt. Pētījuma mērķis: Izvērtēt radzenes biomehānisko rādītāju izmaiņas pēc operācijas, izmantojot eksimera lāzeri MEL-90, un identificēt faktorus, kas varētu veicināt radzenes ektāzijas attīstību. Metodes un materiāli: Pētījumā tika iekļauti pacienti no “Dr.…