Search results for "cellular"

showing 10 items of 6449 documents

Quasi *-algebras and generalized inductive limits of C*-algebras

2011

inductive limitJordan algebraGeneral MathematicsSubalgebraCurrent algebraUniversal enveloping algebraFiltered algebraAlgebraC*-algebrasSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaQuasi *-algebraAlgebra representationDivision algebraCellular algebraMathematics
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Correlations of blood selenium with hematological parameters in West German adults.

1988

The serum selenium and the whole blood selenium of 72 healthy persons (47 women, 25 men) was determined. There exist sex specific differences of the whole blood selenium between men (98 +/- 19 micrograms Se/L) and women (89 +/- 17 micrograms Se/L). The serum selenium did not show sex specific differences, but sex specific differences are found if the total amount of extracellular selenium is calculated by correction of the serum selenium with the hematocrit. Women have more extra-cellular selenium/L whole blood (40 +/- 8 micrograms Se) than men (36 +/- 7 micrograms Se). Men have more intraerythrocyte selenium (cellular selenium = 67 +/- 14 micrograms Se) in one L whole blood than women (52 …

inorganic chemicalsAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismClinical Biochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementHematocritBiochemistryInorganic ChemistryLipid peroxidationchemistry.chemical_compoundSeleniumInternal medicineMolemedicineExtracellularHumansWhole bloodchemistry.chemical_classificationSex CharacteristicsHematologic Testsmedicine.diagnostic_testGlutathione peroxidaseSpectrophotometry AtomicBiochemistry (medical)Germany Westfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineEndocrinologychemistryFemaleHemoglobinSeleniumBiological trace element research
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[35] Determination of oxidized glutathione in blood: High-performance liquid chromatography

1994

Publisher Summary The measurement of glutathione status is important in determining oxidative stress in tissues and biological fluids. The ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) is a good indicator of the oxidative stress that may occur under physiological and pathological conditions. Changes in GSSG levels have been considered as intracellular signals able to modulate enzyme activity. Thus, it is important to have accurate methods to determine GSSG in biological fluids and in cells. In many cases, it is possible to use tissues, such as liver, muscle, or brain to determine GSH/GSSG. However, especially in human studies, samples from these tissues are not readily available; the …

inorganic chemicalsHuman studiesbiologyChemistryGlutathionemedicine.disease_causeHigh-performance liquid chromatographyEnzyme assayOxidized Glutathionechemistry.chemical_compoundfluids and secretionsBiochemistrymedicinebiology.proteinChelationIntracellularOxidative stress
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The Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C-Kinase Substrate (MARCKS) is Sequentially Phosphorylated by Conventional, Novel and Atypical Isotypes of Protein Kin…

1995

The myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is the major protein kinase C (PKC) substrate in many cell types including fibroblasts and brain cells. Here we describe the phosphorylation of MARCKS and the site specificity for different PKC isotypes. Conventional (c)PKC beta 1, novel (n)PKC delta and nPKC epsilon efficiently phosphorylated the MARCKS protein in vitro. The Km values were extremely low, reflecting a high affinity between kinases and substrate. The apparent affinity of nPKC delta (Km = 0.06 microM) was higher than that of nPKC epsilon and cPKC beta 1 (Km = 0.32 microM). The rate of substrate phosphorylation was inversely correlated with affinity and decreased in th…

inorganic chemicalsKinaseChemistryIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMembrane ProteinsProteinsContext (language use)macromolecular substancesenvironment and public healthBiochemistryMolecular biologyCell biologyIsoenzymesSerineKineticsenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)Substrate-level phosphorylationbacteriaPhosphorylationPhosphorylationMARCKSMyristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase SubstrateProtein Kinase CProtein kinase CMyristoylationEuropean Journal of Biochemistry
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Dissociation-constants of metat-ion-complexes with alkaline phosphatase from pig kidney.

1976

Using metal-ion buffers it was possible to remove Zn2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+ ions of pig kidney alkaline phosphatase reversibly. The dissociation constants obtained are KEMg: 4 X 10(-7) M, KEMn: 4 X 10(-8) M and KEZn: 8 X 10(-13) M (22 degrees C, pH: 9.6, mu: 0.07).

inorganic chemicalsPharmacologyManganeseChemistryCations DivalentSwinePig kidneyIronInorganic chemistryCell BiologyAlkaline PhosphataseKidneyIonDissociation constantCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceKineticsZincMolecular MedicineAlkaline phosphataseAnimalsCalciumMagnesiumMolecular BiologyExperientia
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Adenine nucleotide metabolism during anoxia and postanoxic recovery in insects

1996

Severe hypoxia (anoxia), if maintained for more than a few minutes, causes irreversible damage in humans and other mammals. Why mammals are so vulnerable to anoxia is not fully understood. It is therefore of interest to study animals that are more tolerant of anoxia in order to identify physiological and metabolic properties that are correlated with a high tolerance of anoxia. Insects have high metabolic rates and their energy metabolism is dependent on aerobic ATP production. In insects, as in mammals, anoxia causes a rapid breakdown of physiological function, resulting in a state similar to rigor mortis. This is accompanied by a precipitous decrease in metabolic rate. In contrast to mamma…

inorganic chemicalsPharmacologyPhysiological functionbiologyfungiCell BiologySevere hypoxiaMetabolismmusculoskeletal systembiology.organism_classificationenvironment and public healthcarbohydrates (lipids)Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceBiochemistryAdenine nucleotidemedicineMolecular MedicineAtp productionRigor mortisInosineMolecular BiologyLocustmedicine.drugExperientia
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Water Fluxes in Polymeric Membranes for Desalination via Membrane Distillation

2010

Membrane distillation is an emerging technique for seawater desalination. Hydrophobic polymeric membranes are used to separate the solute‐free water vapour from the hot solution. Vapour fluxes of commercial polymeric membranes were measured in various conditions, i.e. natural and forced convection and vacuum. Vapour fluxes were also predicted with models and compared with experimentals. Higher fluxes were recorded in vacuum conditions.

inorganic chemicalsPhysics::Biological PhysicsSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaChemistryDiffusiontechnology industry and agriculturemembrane distillationPortable water purificationMembrane distillationDesalinationQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorForced convectionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesdesalinationMembraneChemical engineeringEnvironmental chemistrypolymeric membranebiological scienceshealth occupationsbacteriaPolymeric membranePhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsWater vapor
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Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 (STIM1) Is Involved in the Regulation of Mitochondrial Shape and Bioenergetics and Plays a Role in Oxidative Stress

2012

Calcium ions are involved in a plethora of cellular functions including cell death and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Store-operated Ca(2+) entry over the plasma membrane is activated by depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores and is mediated by the sensor STIM1 and the channel ORAI1. We compared cell death susceptibility to oxidative stress in STIM1 knock-out and ORAI1 knockdown mouse embryonic fibroblasts and in knock-out cells with reconstituted wild type and dominant active STIM1. We show that STIM1 and ORAI1 deficiency renders cells more susceptible to oxidative stress, which can be rescued by STIM1 and ORAI1 overexpression. STIM1 knock-out mitochondria are tubular, have a higher Ca…

inorganic chemicalsProgrammed cell deathORAI1 ProteinEukaryotic Initiation Factor-2Active Transport Cell NucleusApoptosisMitochondrionBiologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryMiceeIF-2 KinasemedicineAnimalsStromal Interaction Molecule 1PhosphorylationMolecular BiologyTranscription factorCells CulturedMice KnockoutEIF-2 kinaseMembrane GlycoproteinsEndoplasmic reticulumMolecular Bases of DiseaseSTIM1Cell BiologyFibroblastsEmbryo MammalianMitochondriaCell biologyOxidative Stressbiology.proteinCalciumCalcium ChannelsEnergy MetabolismIntracellularOxidative stressJournal of Biological Chemistry
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Adsorption and desorption surface dynamics of gaseous adsorbate on silicate-1 by molecular dynamics simulation

2013

The dynamics of adsorption and desorption of gaseous molecules on the external surface of a crystal and a membrane of zeolite silicate-1 is investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. The gases ...

inorganic chemicalsSticking coefficientChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsSilicaterespiratory tract diseasesQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsAdsorptionMembraneChemical physicsModeling and SimulationDesorptionGeneral Materials ScienceAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsZeoliteAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsInformation SystemsMolecular Simulation
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Molecular basis of early epithelial response to streptococcal exotoxin: role of STIM1 and Orai1 proteins

2011

Streptolysin O (SLO) is a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) from Streptococcus pyogenes. SLO induces diverse types of Ca(2+) signalling in host cells which play a key role in membrane repair and cell fate determination. The mechanisms behind SLO-induced Ca(2+) signalling remain poorly understood. Here, we show that in NCI-H441 cells, wild-type SLO as well as non-pore-forming mutant induces long-lasting intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations via IP(3) -mediated depletion of intracellular stores and activation of store-operated Ca(2+) (SOC) entry. SLO-induced activation of SOC entry was confirmed by Ca(2+) add-back experiments, pharmacologically and by overexpression as well as silencing of ST…

inorganic chemicalsVoltage-dependent calcium channelORAI1ImmunologyBiologyMicrobiologyCell biologyCell membranemedicine.anatomical_structureMembrane proteinVirologymedicineStreptolysinsense organsCytolysinIntracellularCalcium signalingCellular Microbiology
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