Search results for "character"

showing 10 items of 2956 documents

Plasmonic twinned silver nanoparticles with molecular precision

2016

Determining the structures of nanoparticles at atomic resolution is vital to understand their structure–property correlations. Large metal nanoparticles with core diameter beyond 2 nm have, to date, eluded characterization by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Here we report the chemical syntheses and structures of two giant thiolated Ag nanoparticles containing 136 and 374 Ag atoms (that is, up to 3 nm core diameter). As the largest thiolated metal nanoparticles crystallographically determined so far, these Ag nanoparticles enter the truly metallic regime with the emergence of surface plasmon resonance. As miniatures of fivefold twinned nanostructures, these structures demonstrate a subtle dis…

NanostructureMaterials scienceScienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanoparticlePhysics::OpticsNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySilver nanoparticleArticleSurface plasmon resonanceta116PlasmonMultidisciplinaryta114QGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)nanoparticlesnanohiukkaset0210 nano-technologySingle crystal
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Toward Single Electron Nanoelectronics Using Self-Assembled DNA Structure

2016

DNA based structures offer an adaptable and robust way to develop customized nanostructures for various purposes in bionanotechnology. One main aim in this field is to develop a DNA nanobreadboard for a controllable attachment of nanoparticles or biomolecules to form specific nanoelectronic devices. Here we conjugate three gold nanoparticles on a defined size TX-tile assembly into a linear pattern to form nanometer scale isolated islands that could be utilized in a room temperature single electron transistor. To demonstrate this, conjugated structures were trapped using dielectrophoresis for current-voltage characterization. After trapping only high resistance behavior was observed. However…

NanostructureMaterials scienceTransistors Electronicta221Metal NanoparticlesElectronsBioengineeringNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesnanoelectronicsNanobiotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceA-DNAParticle Sizeta114Mechanical EngineeringTemperatureCoulomb blockadeDNA structureDNAGeneral ChemistryDielectrophoresis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)NanoelectronicsColloidal goldGold0210 nano-technologyDimerizationNano Letters
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ZnO Thin films doped with Erbium: Elaboration, Characterization and nonlinear optical properties measurements

2011

In this paper, we investigate NLO properties of ZnO nanostructures for optoelectronics applications. It is shown that carefully designed and fabricated nanostructured ZnO films posses some advantageous for practical use and to generate more and short wavelengths and, when combined with TiO , produce a core–shell structure that 2 reduces the combination rate. The limitations of ZnO-based DSCs are also discussed and several possible methods are suggested in order to expand the basic knowledge of ZnO to TiO , motivating further improvement 2 in the power-conversion efficiency of third harmonic generation THG.

NanostructureMaterials scienceXRD THGbusiness.industryDopingWide-bandgap semiconductorNanophotonicschemistry.chemical_elementCharacterization (materials science)ErbiumNanolithographychemistryZnO Spray Pyrolysis PhotoluminescenceOptoelectronicsThin filmbusiness
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Structural characterization of one-dimensional ZnO-based nanostructures grown by MOCVD

2010

Various one-dimensional (1D) ZnO-based nanostructures, including ZnO nano-wires (NWs) grown using vapour-liquid-solid (VLS) process, ZnO/ZnSe core/shell, nitrogen-doped ZnO and ZnMgO NWs were grown by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis is presented. For all the samples, a high crystalline quality is observed. Some features are emphasized such as the gold contamination of ZnO wires grown under the metal droplets in the VLS process. It is concluded that MOCVD is a suitable technique for the realization of original ZnO nanodevices.

NanostructureMaterials sciencebusiness.industryInorganic chemistryNanowirechemistry.chemical_elementZincChemical vapor depositionCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCharacterization (materials science)chemistryTransmission electron microscopyOptoelectronicsMetalorganic vapour phase epitaxyVapor–liquid–solid methodbusinessphysica status solidi (b)
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Combustion Formation of Novel Nanomaterials: Synthesis and Cathodoluminescence of Silicon Carbide Nanowires

2009

This paper presents the combustion synthesis and characterization of one-dimensional silicon carbide nanostructures (nanowires of 3C-SiC polytype with zincblend structure) by means of cathodoluminescence technique. Cathodoluminescence spectra of nano-SiC samples and, as a reference, of a commercially available SiC micropowder are compared. It is shown that the emission band at 1.97 eV which is slightly evidenced in the spectrum of the commercial SiC under 10 keV electron beam irradiation becomes the prevailing band in CL of the purified silicon carbide nanowires.

NanostructureMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNanowireGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnologyCathodoluminescenceCombustionSpectral lineCharacterization (materials science)Nanomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySilicon carbideOptoelectronicsbusinessActa Physica Polonica A
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Chemical modification of halloysite nanotubes for controlled loading and release.

2020

Clay minerals have been used for medical purposes from ancient times. Among them, the halloysite nanotube, an aluminosilicate of the kaolin group, is an emerging nanomaterial which possesses peculiar chemical characteristics. By means of suitable modifications, such as supramolecular functionalization or covalent modifications, it is possible to obtain novel nanomaterials with tunable properties for several applications. In this context the covalent grafting of suitable organic moieties on the external surface or in the halloysite lumen has been exploited to improve the loading and release of several biologically active molecules. The resulting hybrid nanomaterials have been applied as drug…

NanotubeMaterials scienceTunable properties Controlled drug deliveryHalloysite nanotubeBiomedical EngineeringSupramolecular chemistryNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialChemical characteristic010402 general chemistryYarn Biologically active molecule01 natural sciencesHalloysiteNanomaterialsAluminosilicateKaoliniteGeneral Materials ScienceFunctionalizationGene transferSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaTargeted drug deliveryCovalent modificationMoleculeGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesNanostructured materialNanotubeSelf-healing hydrogelsengineeringTissue regenerationSurface modificationClay0210 nano-technologyDrug carrierHybrid nanomaterialChemical modificationCovalent graftingJournal of materials chemistry. B
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The Gravettian occipital bone from the site of Malladetes (Barx, Valencia, Spain)

2002

Abstract The juvenile occipital bone from the site of Malladetes in Valencia (Spain) is described and compared with other European Pleistocene representatives of the genus Homo . This specimen derives from a Gravettian cultural context and has been AMS radiocarbon-dated to 25,120±240 years bp . As such, it provides evidence on early modern human anatomy from the Central Mediterranean region of the Iberian peninsula. The clear evidence for a late survival of Neandertals in southern Iberia, has led to considerable debate surrounding the biological and cultural interactions between these Pleistocene humans and their early modern human successors, and it is within this context that the Malladet…

NeanderthalAdolescentPleistoceneContext (language use)Mosaiclaw.inventionPaleontologylawPeninsulabiology.animalmedicineAnimalsHumansRadiocarbon datingChildPhylogenyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsgeographyCultural Characteristicsgeography.geographical_feature_categorybiologyFossilsHominidaeArchaeologySkullGenetics Populationmedicine.anatomical_structureChild PreschoolOccipital BoneAnthropologyUpper PaleolithicJournal of Human Evolution
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ASSESSING NEIGHBORHOOD DISORDER: VALIDATION OF A THREE-FACTOR OBSERVATIONAL SCALE

2015

AbstractThis study presents data on the development and preliminary validation of an observational scale assessing neighborhood disorder. Independent observations by trained raters of neighborhood disorder were conducted in 552 census block groups in the city of Valencia (Spain). Intraclass correlation coefficients assessing inter-rater reliability indicated fair to substantial levels of agreement among raters. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a final three-factor model scale measuring physical disorder, social disorder, and physical decay. Results for the internal consistency showed large composite reliability indices indicating good reliability for all neighborhood disorder factors.…

Neighborhood disorderDistribución especialSocial disorganizationDeterioro físicoIntraclass correlationlcsh:BF1-990Disease clusterConfirmatory factor analysisDevelopmental psychologySocial disorderPhysical disorderDesorden físicoStatisticslcsh:K5000-5582Socioeconomic statusApplied PsychologyPhysical disorderReliability (statistics)Social disorderObservational scalesocial sciencesSpatial clusteringAnálisis factorial confirmatoriolcsh:PsychologyScale (social sciences)Desorganización socialEscala observacionalpopulation characteristicslcsh:Criminal law and procedureDesorden del vecindarioObservational studyPsychologyLawPhysical decayDesorden socialEuropean Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context
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Gender differences in the neurotoxicity of metals in children

2013

Gender-related differences in susceptibility to chemical exposure to neurotoxicants have not received sufficient attention. Although a significant number of epidemiological studies on the neurodevelopmental effects of metal exposure has been published in the last twenty years, not many of them have considered the possible gender-specific effects of such exposure. This review is focused on studies where the gender differences in pre- and/or postnatal exposure/s to five metals (mercury, lead, manganese, cadmium, and arsenic) and neurodevelopment were evaluated. We conducted a PubMed search in December 2012 and retrieved 20 studies that met the inclusion criteria. A large body of literature on…

Nervous systemMalemedicine.medical_specialtyToxicologyToxicologyChemical exposureEnvironmental healthEpidemiologymedicineHumansChildChildrenClinical Trials as TopicSex Characteristicsbusiness.industryNeurotoxicityEnvironmental ExposureMERCURY EXPOSUREmedicine.diseaseMetalsHeavy metal poisoningSexFemaleNeurotoxicity SyndromesNervous System DiseasesbusinessNeurological disordersToxicology
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Neuroevolution of Actively Controlled Virtual Characters - An Experiment for an Eight-Legged Character

2018

Physics-based character animation offers an attractive alternative for traditional animations. However, it is often strenuous for a physics-based approach to incorporate active user control of different characters. In this paper, a neuroevolutionary approach is proposed using HyperNEAT to combine individually trained neural controllers to form a control strategy for a simulated eight-legged character, which is a previously untested character morphology for this algorithm. It is aimed to evaluate the robustness and responsiveness of the control strategy that changes the controllers based on simulated user inputs. The experiment result shows that HyperNEAT is able to evolve long walking contr…

Neuroevolutionbusiness.industry020207 software engineeringHyperNEAT02 engineering and technologyCharacter (mathematics)Robustness (computer science)User control0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCharacter animation020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinessControl (linguistics)
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