Search results for "chemical and pharmacologic phenomena"
showing 10 items of 616 documents
Nucleoprotein-specific nonneutralizing antibodies speed up LCMV elimination independently of complement and FcγR
2013
CD8(+) T cells have an essential role in controlling lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in mice. Here, we examined the contribution of humoral immunity, including nonneutralizing antibodies (Abs), in this infection induced by low virus inoculation doses. Mice with impaired humoral immunity readily terminated infection with the slowly replicating LCMV strain Armstrong but showed delayed virus elimination after inoculation with the faster replicating LCMV strain WE and failed to clear the rapidly replicating LCMV strain Docile, which is in contrast to the results obtained with wild-type mice. Thus, the requirement for adaptive humoral immunity to control the infection was dep…
Additional file 6: of Diversity, evolution, and function of myriapod hemocyanins
2018
Table S3. Expression of hemocyanin subunit mRNA in myriapods. (PDF 72 kb)
A multipronged approach to unveil the emerging role of Hsp60 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2011
Inflammation is a major component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its cause and mechanisms are still incompletely understood. For example, the role of heat shock proteins (Hsps), many of which are molecular chaperones, has not been explored in detail in COPD, despite the fact that these molecules are known to participate in inflammation in other diseases. It has been shown that extracellular Hsps can signal certain types of T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils and, thereby, elicit inflammation and immunity. However, these phenomena have not been investigated in COPD despite: a) the increasing awareness of Hsp participation in inflammation and immunity; …
Autoantikörper gegen die Komplementkomponente C1q beim Systemischen Lupus Erythematodes
1990
Autoantibodies against C1q, a subcomponent of the first complement component C1, could be detected in 49.4% of sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). They are directed against the collagen-like portion of the C1q molecule and recognize only bound, but not fluid-phase C1q. The appearance of these autoantibodies in the course of SLE correlates with the detection of IgG in the C1q-Solid-Phase-Bindingassay, with high titres of dsDNA-antibodies and with depressed total complement activity (CH50) and C1q-values. Our investigations show that autoantibodies against the collagen-like portion of bound C1q but not immune complexes are the main constituent of C1q-binding IgG in SLE.
Stakeholder Engagement, Corporate Social Responsibility and Integrated Reporting: An Exploratory Study
2013
There is increasing interest in integrated reporting that includes the company's financial, governance, environmental, and social performance. For this reason, the main objective of this investigation is to study why companies are producing integrated reporting, paying special attention to the links with the assurance of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) report. Based on 7144 worldwide observations, this study identifies the determinants of integrated reporting through a logistic regression model. Our results point out that the likelihood of disclosing an integrated report is positively associated with having the CSR report assured, year, size and supplement industry. Next, we teste…
A2.34 Specific deletion of β-catenin signalling in dendritic cells results in lower Treg expression without influencing the severity of collagen-indu…
2015
Background and objectives Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterised by chronic inflammation and synovial infiltration of immune cells. T-cell priming by activated dendritic cells (DCs) contributes to the pathogenesis of RA. DCs are professional antigen presenting cells that have the dual ability to stimulate immunity and maintain tolerance. However, the signalling pathways mediating the tolerogenic DC function in vivo remain largely unknown. Recently, the b-catenin pathway has been suggested to promote a regulatory DC phenotype in vitro . While activation of β-catenin causes the phenotypic maturation of bone marrow-derived DCs, these cells fail to produce immunogenic …
Blockade of MIF-CD74 signalling on macrophages and dendritic cells restores the anti-tumour immune response against metastatic melanoma.
2018
Mounting an effective immune response against cancer requires the activation of innate and adaptive immune cells. Metastatic melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. While immunotherapies have shown a remarkable success in melanoma treatment, patients develop resistance by mechanisms that include the establishment of an immune suppressive tumor microenvironment. Thus, understanding how metastatic melanoma cells suppress the immune system is vital to develop effective immunotherapies against this disease. In this study, we find that macrophages (MOs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are suppressed in metastatic melanoma and that the Ig-CDR-based peptide C36L1 is able to restore MOs and …
Quantification of intracranial contribution to rheoencephalography by a numerical model of the head
2000
Abstract Objectives : Partial contributions of intracranial and extracranial circulation to rheoencephalography (REG) remain uncertain. The main goal of this work is to determine theoretically the capability of REG techniques to reflect intracranial blood flow. Methods : Head and current injection electrodes were computationally modeled to assess REG sensitivity to brain and scalp conductivity changes. Data obtained were related to tissue perfusions to calculate the partial contribution of cerebral blood perfusion to REG I, REG II and monopolar REG and to assess their amplitudes. Results : When REG I and monopolar REG were used, the theoretical maximum of intracranial contribution was reach…
Description of a Simple, Specific, and Sensitive Test for the Detection of Detergent-Solubilized C3b Receptor
1981
Abstract The C3b receptor was isolated from detergent-solubilized human erythrocyte membranes by a previously described technique (1). The receptor glycoprotein was shown to enhance EAC14oxy23b rosette formation with Raji lymphoblastoid cells. This provided a specific and sensitive test to detect the solubilized C3b receptor either in crude or highly purified form. The property of the C3b receptor tested by this assay appears to be analogous to properties of β1H.
Molecular Design of the Cαβ Interface Favors Specific Pairing of Introduced TCRαβ in Human T Cells
2008
Abstract A promising approach to adoptive transfer therapy of tumors is to reprogram autologous T lymphocytes by TCR gene transfer of defined Ag specificity. An obstacle, however, is the undesired pairing of introduced TCRα- and TCRβ-chains with the endogenous TCR chains. These events vary depending on the individual endogenous TCR and they not only may reduce the levels of cell surface-introduced TCR but also may generate hybrid TCR with unknown Ag specificities. We show that such hybrid heterodimers can be generated even by the pairing of human and mouse TCRα- and TCRβ-chains. To overcome this hurdle, we have identified a pair of amino acid residues in the crystal structure of a TCR that …