Search results for "chromosome"
showing 10 items of 1175 documents
The Proton-Boron Reaction Increases the Radiobiological Effectiveness of Clinical Low- and High-Energy Proton Beams: Novel Experimental Evidence and …
2021
Protontherapy is a rapidly expanding radiotherapy modality where accelerated proton beams are used to precisely deliver the dose to the tumor target but is generally considered ineffective against radioresistant tumors. Proton-Boron Capture Therapy (PBCT) is a novel approach aimed at enhancing proton biological effectiveness. PBCT exploits a nuclear fusion reaction between low-energy protons and 11B atoms, i.e. p+11B→ 3α (p-B), which is supposed to produce highly-DNA damaging α-particles exclusively across the tumor-conformed Spread-Out Bragg Peak (SOBP), without harming healthy tissues in the beam entrance channel. To confirm previous work on PBCT, here we report new in-vitro data obtained…
Novel chromosome copy number changes to predict clinical response to sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma
2015
4552 Background: Sunitinib is a 1st-line therapy for clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC); however, 20-30% of tumors show primary resistant disease (PRD) with progression as the best response. T...
RB acute loss induces centrosome amplification and aneuploidy in murine primary fibroblasts
2006
AbstractBackgroundIncorrect segregation of whole chromosomes or parts of chromosome leads to aneuploidy commonly observed in cancer. The correct centrosome duplication, assuring assembly of a bipolar mitotic spindle, is essential for chromosome segregation fidelity and preventing aneuploidy. Alteration of p53 and pRb functions by expression of HPV16-E6 and E7 oncoproteins has been associated with centrosome amplification. However, these last findings could be the result of targeting cellular proteins in addition to pRb by HPV16-E7 oncoprotein. To get a more detailed picture on the role of pRb in chromosomal instability and centrosome amplification, we analyzed the effects of the acute loss …
Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis does not increase detection rate for trisomy 8 in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
2014
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell neoplasm characterized by overlapping myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative features. Diagnosis is based on persistent mo...
Molecular cytogenetics of childhood hematological malignancies
1998
Cytogenetic and molecular analyses are essential for the classification of childhood hematologic malignancies. Nearly all children with leukemia should have an adequate cytogenetic analysis which in 80-90% is expected to show clonal chromosomal abnormalities. Moreover, with the availability of appropriate gene probes and sophisticated molecular techniques, genetic rearrangements become detectable in the majority of leukemia patients. Genetic abnormalities often associate with particular clinical-biological characteristics of the disease. In ALL, for example, genetic alterations together with distinct immunologic and clinical features, define various subgroups. In AML, unique cytogenetic rea…
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma proposals for a revision of diagnostic, staging and therapeutic criteria
2007
Since the initial description of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) in 1992, an increasing number of publications have dealt with multiple aspects of SMZL diagnosis, molecular pathogenesis and treatment. This process has identified multiple inconsistencies in the diagnostic criteria and lack of clear guidelines for the staging and treatment. The authors of this review have held several meetings and exchanged series of cases with the objective of agreeing on the main diagnostic, staging and therapeutic guidelines for patients with this condition. Specific working groups were created for diagnostic criteria, immunophenotype, staging and treatment. As results of this work, guidelines are pr…
Involvement of the chromosomal region 11q13 in renal oncocytoma: case report and literature review.
1997
Renal oncocytomas comprise a cytogenetically heterogeneous group of tumors consisting potentially of cytogenetic distinguishable subgroups. Review of the literature revealed loss of chromosome 1 and Y as a possible anomaly for at least one subset of oncocytomas. The frequent finding of rearrangements involving chromosome 11 band q13 characterizes another subset of oncocytomas. We report the cytogenetic and pathological features of a renal oncocytoma diagnosed in a 72-year-old woman and found a t(9;11)(p23;q13) as a consistent abnormality. This supports the idea that translocations involving 11q13 define a further subset of oncocytoma. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1997.
Influence of segmental chromosome abnormalities on survival in children over the age of 12 months with unresectable localised peripheral neuroblastic…
2014
Background: The prognostic impact of segmental chromosome alterations (SCAs) in children older than 1 year, diagnosed with localised unresectable neuroblastoma (NB) without MYCN amplification enrolled in the European Unresectable Neuroblastoma (EUNB) protocol is still to be clarified, while, for other group of patients, the presence of SCAs is associated with poor prognosis. Methods: To understand the role of SCAs we performed multilocus/pangenomic analysis of 98 tumour samples from patients enrolled in the EUNB protocol. Results: Age at diagnosis was categorised into two groups using 18 months as the age cutoff. Significant difference in the presence of SCAs was seen in tumours of patients…
Metabolic aggressiveness in benign meningiomas with chromosomal instabilities.
2010
Abstract Meningiomas are often considered benign tumors curable by surgery, but most recurrent meningiomas correspond to histologic benign tumors. Because alterations in chromosome 14 among others have suggested clinical aggressiveness and recurrence, determining both the molecular phenotype and the genetic profile may help distinguish tumors with aggressive metabolism. The aim of this study was to achieve higher specificity in the detection of meningioma subgroups by measuring chromosomal instabilities by fluorescence in situ hybridization and cytogenetics and metabolic phenotypes by high-resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy. We studied 46 meningioma biopsies with these methodologi…
Cytogenetic analysis and metabolic profiling reveal a subgroup of benign meningiomas with chromosomal instabilities and aggressive metabolism
2010
Meningiomas add up to 30% of Central Nervous System (CNS) tumours. Atypical meningiomas show a high index of recurrence 5 years after complete resection. Sometimes, meningiomas with histological diagnosis of benign meningioma show genetics characteristics of atypical meningioma. Aberrations of chromosomes 1, 14, and 22 are the most frequently reported abnormalities in meningiomas. In this communication we used cytogenetic, FISH, and NMR metabolic profiling for a molecular characterization of a series of 46 meningiomas. Tumor samples were obtained from 46 patients with meningioma (36 benign and 12 atypical) from the Clinic Hospital of Valencia. Cytogenetic analyses were performed by short-te…