Search results for "comparative"

showing 10 items of 1371 documents

Time in Associative Learning: A Review on Temporal Maps

2021

Ability to recall the timing of events is a crucial aspect of associative learning. Yet, traditional theories of associative learning have often overlooked the role of time in learning association and shaping the behavioral outcome. They address temporal learning as an independent and parallel process. Temporal Coding Hypothesis is an attempt to bringing together the associative and non-associative aspects of learning. This account proposes temporal maps, a representation that encodes several aspects of a learned association, but attach considerable importance to the temporal aspect. A temporal map helps an agent to make inferences about missing information by applying an integration mechan…

Computer scienceMini Reviewtemporal mapsassociative learninglcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineconditioning0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050102 behavioral science & comparative psychologyAssociation (psychology)Empirical evidencelcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological PsychiatryAssociative propertytimeCognitive scienceRecall05 social sciencesRepresentation (systemics)Human Neurosciencetemporal learningAssociative learningPsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurologyConstruct (philosophy)030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCoding (social sciences)Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Convolutional Neural Networks for the Identification of Regions of Interest in PET Scans: A Study of Representation Learning for Diagnosing Alzheimer…

2017

When diagnosing patients suffering from dementia based on imaging data like PET scans, the identification of suitable predictive regions of interest (ROIs) is of great importance. We present a case study of 3-D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the detection of ROIs in this context, just using voxel data, without any knowledge given a priori. Our results on data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) suggest that the predictive performance of the method is on par with that of state-of-the-art methods, with the additional benefit of potential insights into affected brain regions.

Computer sciencebusiness.industryDeep learning05 social sciencesContext (language use)medicine.diseasecomputer.software_genreMachine learningConvolutional neural network03 medical and health sciencesIdentification (information)0302 clinical medicineNeuroimagingVoxelmental disordersmedicineDementia0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050102 behavioral science & comparative psychologyArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerFeature learning030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Comparative evaluation of molecular methods for the quantitative measure of torquetenovirus (TTV) viremia, the new surrogate marker of immune compete…

2019

Background Torquetenovirus (TTV) viremia is emerging as a promising tool to assess functional immune competence, to predict posttransplant immune-related complications, and eventually to customize immunosuppression. Methods In this study, 327 blood samples were tested using two real-time PCR (rtPCR) assays both targeted to the untranslated region of the TTV genome. The first assay was an in-house rtPCR developed by our group, the second one was the recently marketed TTV R-GENE assay. Results In the validation study, the TTV R-GENE showed good performances in precision and reproducibility, and sensitivity as low as 12 TTV DNA copies/mL, like previously reported for the in-house rtPCR. The Bl…

Concordancedigital droplet PCR; methods comparison; real-time PCR; torquetenovirusViremiaTTVBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionComparative evaluation03 medical and health sciencesTTV; digital droplet PCR; methods comparison; real-time PCR0302 clinical medicineImmune systemVirologymedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineViremiaDigital droplet pcrTorque teno virusSurrogate endpointReproducibility of Resultsmedicine.diseaseVirologyDNA Virus InfectionsQuantitative measuretorquetenovirusInfectious DiseasesReal-time polymerase chain reactionCase-Control StudiesDNA Viral030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyreal-time PCRImmunocompetencedigital droplet PCRBiomarkersmethods comparison
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), antisociality and delinquent behavior over the lifespan

2020

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is closely linked to the development of conduct problems during socialization in early life and to an increased risk for antisocial activities and delinquency over the lifespan. The interaction between ADHD and common comorbid disorders like substance use disorders as well as changing environmental conditions could mediate the course of antisocial and delinquent behavior with increasing age. However, this complex interaction is only partially understood so far. This review presents current knowledge about the association of ADHD with antisociality and the development of delinquent behavior. Thereby, the relationships between ADHD, conduct diso…

Conduct DisorderSubstance-Related DisordersCognitive NeuroscienceLongevityPopulationComorbidity03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinemental disordersmedicineJuvenile delinquencyHumansAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050102 behavioral science & comparative psychologyChildeducationeducation.field_of_studyAntisocial personality disorder05 social sciencesSocializationAntisocial Personality Disordermedicine.diseaseNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityConduct disorderSubstance usePsychologyPsychosocial030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychologyNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
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La disputa fronteriza entre India y China: origen y evolución de la controversia

2008

Con la emergencia de la India independiente y de la China maoísta a mediados del siglo pasado, los dos nuevos gobiernos de Delhi y Pekín comenzaron a convivir en un marco de armonía bajo los principios de coexistencia pacífica y una política de hermandad entre ambos pueblos, conocida como Hindi-Chini Bhai Bhai. Sin embargo, a pesar de estas actitudes amistosas iniciales, la herencia colonial británica en la India y las consecuencias de la anexión china del territorio tibetano, vinieron a desestabilizar este equilibrio, con el enfrentamiento de las pretensiones soberanistas de ambos Estados emergentes sobre distintas zonas fronterizas.El análisis del origen y la evolución de la controvertida…

Conflict in the Himalayas:CIENCIA POLÍTICA::Relaciones internacionales ::Problemas de las relaciones internacionales [UNESCO]UNESCO::CIENCIA POLÍTICA::Relaciones internacionales ::Problemas de las relaciones internacionalesconflicto armadolcsh:International relationsIndialcsh:Political sciencelcsh:K1-7720Convenció de Shimlaacuerdos amistososConflicto fronterizo: China; IndiaLínea Mc Mahonlcsh:Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceConflicto en los HimalayasAcuerdo Panchsheelmutual agreementShimla ConventionChina [Conflicto fronterizo]Mc Mahon Linearmed conflictlcsh:Jlcsh:JZ2-6530Panchsheel Agreement
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La libre circulación de resoluciones judiciales en la UE en el caso de la sustracción internacional de menores

2020

El presente artículo aborda la regulación actual y futura del sector del reconocimiento y ejecución de resoluciones extranjeras en materia de sustracción internacional de menores en el ámbito de la Unión Europea. Materia específica que motivó la previsión de un régimen de eficacia extraterritorial de resoluciones judiciales distinguido – y privilegiado – al del régimen genérico de las resoluciones en materia de responsabilidad parental. Recientemente, el instrumento aplicable en la materia, el Reglamento 2201/2003 (Reglamento Bruselas II bis) ha sufrido un importante proceso de reforma que ha culminado con la aprobación de un nuevo Reglamento, el Reglamento 2019/1111. En este trabajo aborda…

Conflict of lawsInternational child abductionDret internacionalWelfare economicsreconocimiento y ejecución de resoluciones extranjeras en la unión europeasustracción internacional de menoresEconomic JusticePromulgationConventionreglamento bruselas ii bis y terlcsh:K1-7720Political sciencelcsh:Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudencemedia_common.cataloged_instanceEuropean unionunión europeaEnforcementmedia_common
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Il consenso informato ai trattamenti sanitari sui minori e decisioni di fine vita. Riflessioni comparatistiche

2019

The essay deals with the informed consent to allow or to refuse medical treatment for pediatric patients, in a comparative law perspective. The first part focuses on the principle of personal autonomy and the rights to health and to life for patiens who lack capacity, as enshrined in Italian legislation. In determining care and treatment in relation to their child, parents have to take into account the physical and mental well-being, life and dignity of the person, as fully as possible (art. 3, L. 219/2017). The second part of the paper investigates the consequences of parents' refusal to interrupt or continue life-sustaining treatment in relation to infants suffering from serious and incur…

Consenso informatoInformed ConsentResponsabilità genitorialeEuthanasiaConsent to Medical TreatmentBiodirittoBest interest of the childSettore IUS/02 - Diritto Privato ComparatoRefusal of Medical TreatmentEutanasiaDiritto comparatoSettore IUS/01 - Diritto PrivatoComparative LawHuman DignityChildren's RightRifiuto CureDiritti del minoreComparative Human Rights Law
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Somali Contract Law: Constitutional and Comparative Perspectives

2019

The Somali legal system had a very peculiar development. After colonisation, the independent country adopted a Civil law based legal system largely influenced by Italian law. The Civil Code adopted in 1973 was modeled on the Egyptian homologue enriched with other influences, mainly Italian. From the constitutional perspective, the country had three constitutions before the collapse of the state, followed recently by a provisional constitution that introduces a federal system to try to keep the unity of the State under the federal umbrella. The 1973 Somali Civil Code is formally still in force, as after the fall of Siad Barre the state failure brought with it the lack of any authority capabl…

Constitutionmedia_common.quotation_subjectSomalilanguage.human_languageLawPolitical scienceCivil law (legal system)languageFederalismConstitutional lawComparative perspectiveFall of manCivil codemedia_common
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Characterization of the LGBTI-speaking community discourse. An approach to Hispanic queer linguistics.

2020

Toda subcultura forma una comunidad lingüística particular en la que, aunque se comparta la lengua con el resto de la sociedad, varía el habla en ciertos aspectos. Es el caso de la comunidad de habla LGTBI, que se hace servir de un léxico peculiar, así como una fraseología característica, unas estructuras gramaticales especiales y, en definitiva, unos recursos pragmáticos muy llamativos que tienen como objetivo mitigar ciertos enunciados, intensificar otros en determinados contextos y construir actos de habla afiliativos que expresen solidaridad social. Por otro lado, cumple una función muy importante en la construcción identitaria de sus usuarios. En este trabajo se propone un análisis pra…

Construcción identitariaLGTBI speechIdentity (social science)habla lgtbiLexiconLingüística queerSubculturelcsh:P1-1091Queer linguisticsPragmalinguistics analysisconstrucción identitariaSociologyHabla LGTBIlcsh:P101-410Approximate analysisSolidarityLinguisticsAnálisis pragmalingüísticolcsh:Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammarlcsh:Philology. LinguisticsAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineIdentity constructionanálisis pragmalingüísticoPhraseologylingüística queerlcsh:PC1-5498lcsh:Romanic languagesQueer:8- Lingüística y literatura [CDU]Revista de Investigación Lingüística
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Discriminación a los consumidores: una valoración a partir de la Ley española de competencia desleal

2020

La regulacion espanola de discriminacion a los consumidores en la Ley de competencia desleal queda desubicada del Capitulo III de la Ley dedicado a las practicas comerciales con consumidores, a pesar de que estos sean su objeto de proteccion. El trabajo analiza la citada regulacion, los pronunciamientos judiciales sobre esta cuestion y reflexiona sobre nuevas formas de discriminacion a los consumidores al amparo de la citada normativa.

Consumidors ProteccióDret mercantillcsh:K1-7720consumidores y usuarioslcsh:Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudencediscriminaciónprácticas comerciales deslealesdirectiva 2005/29/ce
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