Search results for "comparison"

showing 10 items of 701 documents

On the Computation of Symmetrized M-Estimators of Scatter

2016

This paper focuses on the computational aspects of symmetrized Mestimators of scatter, i.e. the multivariate M-estimators of scatter computed on the pairwise differences of the data. Such estimators do not require a location estimate, and more importantly, they possess the important block and joint independence properties. These properties are needed, for example, when solving the independent component analysis problem. Classical and recently developed algorithms for computing the M-estimators and the symmetrized M-estimators are discussed. The effect of parallelization is considered as well as new computational approach based on using only a subset of pairwise differences. Efficiencies and…

Computer scienceComputation05 social sciencesEstimatorMultivariate normal distributionM-estimators01 natural sciencesIndependent component analysisscatter010104 statistics & probabilityScatter matrix0502 economics and businessPairwise comparison0101 mathematicsAlgorithmIndependence (probability theory)050205 econometrics Block (data storage)
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Concurrent Molecular Dynamics Simulation of ST2 Water on a Transputer Array

1988

Abstract A concurrent implementation of a Molecular Dynamics program for ST2 water molecules is presented, which exploits the great potentialities of the Transputer arrays for statistical mechanical calculations. High load-balance efficiency is obtained using a new task decomposition algorithm which evenly distributes particles and interaction calculations among the processors. This approach can also help to solve efficiently the more general problem of task distribution in parallel computing of symmetric pairwise system properties.

Computer scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral problemTransputerGeneral ChemistryParallel computingCondensed Matter PhysicsProcessor arrayMolecular dynamicsMIMDTask (computing)Modeling and SimulationDecomposition (computer science)General Materials SciencePairwise comparisonInformation SystemsMolecular Simulation
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Performance Comparison of Duobinary Modulation Formats for 40 Gb/s Long-Haul WDM Transmissions

2006

With their compact spectrum and high tolerance to residual chromatic dispersion, duobinary formats are attractive for the deployment of 40 Gb/s technology on 10 Gb/s WDM Long-Haul transmission infrastructures. Here, we compare the robustness of various duobinary formats when facing 40 Gb/s transmission impairments.

Computer scienceRobustness (computer science)Performance comparisonOptical cross-connectWavelength-division multiplexingBandwidth (signal processing)Electronic engineeringOptical modulation amplitudeOptical performance monitoringOptical filter2006 European Conference on Optical Communications
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Augmented Reality Visualisation Concepts to Support Intraoperative Distance Estimation

2019

The estimation of distances and spatial relations between surgical instruments and surrounding anatomical structures is a challenging task for clinicians in image-guided surgery. Using augmented reality (AR), navigation aids can be displayed directly at the intervention site to support the assessment of distances and reduce the risk of damage to healthy tissue. To this end, four distance-encoding visualisation concepts were developed using a head-mounted optical see-through AR setup and evaluated by conducting a comparison study. Results suggest the general advantage of the proposed methods compared to a blank visualisation providing no additional information. Using a Distance Sensor concep…

Computer sciencebusiness.industry0206 medical engineeringAnatomical structuresHealthy tissue02 engineering and technology020601 biomedical engineeringBlank030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingTask (project management)Visualization03 medical and health sciencesSpatial relation0302 clinical medicineComparison studyAugmented realityComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness25th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
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Estimation and visualization of confusability matrices from adaptive measurement data

2010

Abstract We present a simple but effective method based on Luce’s choice axiom [Luce, R.D. (1959). Individual choice behavior: A theoretical analysis. New York: John Wiley & Sons] for consistent estimation of the pairwise confusabilities of items in a multiple-choice recognition task with arbitrarily chosen choice-sets. The method combines the exact (non-asymptotic) Bayesian way of assessing uncertainty with the unbiasedness emphasized in the classical frequentist approach. We apply the method to data collected using an adaptive computer game designed for prevention of reading disability. A player’s estimated confusability of phonemes (or more accurately, phoneme–grapheme connections) and l…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryApplied MathematicsBayesian probabilityConfusion matrixMachine learningcomputer.software_genreComputer gameVisualizationBayesian statisticsFrequentist inferencePairwise comparisonArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerAlgorithmGeneral PsychologyAxiomJournal of Mathematical Psychology
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ACCURATE DENSE STEREO MATCHING FOR ROAD SCENES

2017

International audience; Stereo matching task is the core of applications linked to the intelligent vehicles. In this paper, we present a new variant function of the Census Transform (CT) which is more robust against radiometric changes in real road scenes. We demonstrate that the proposed cost function outperforms the conventional cost functions using the KITTI benchmark. The cost aggregation method is also updated for taking into account the edge information. This enables to improve significantly the aggregated costs especially within homogenous regions. The Winner-Takes-All (WTA) strategy is used to compute disparity values. To further eliminate the remainder matching ambiguities , a post…

Computer sciencebusiness.industry[ INFO.INFO-RB ] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO][INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]0211 other engineering and technologiesStereo matchingCross Comparison Census02 engineering and technologyStereo visionCross based aggregationStereopsisCensus TransformRobustness (computer science)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRadiometry[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness021101 geological & geomatics engineering
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Vectors of Pairwise Item Preferences

2019

Neural embedding has been widely applied as an effective category of vectorization methods in real-world recommender systems. However, its exploration of users’ explicit feedback on items, to create good quality user and item vectors is still limited. Existing neural embedding methods only consider the items that are accessed by the users, but neglect the scenario when a user gives high or low rating to a particular item. In this paper, we propose Pref2Vec, a method to generate vector representations of pairwise item preferences, users and items, which can be directly utilized for machine learning tasks. Specifically, Pref2Vec considers users’ pairwise item preferences as elementary units. …

Computer scienceneuraalilaskentaInitialization02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesRecommender systemMachine learningcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringvectorizationPreference (economics)Independence (probability theory)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbusiness.industryComputer Science::Information RetrievalsuosittelujärjestelmätConditional probabilityneural embeddingVectorization (mathematics)Benchmark (computing)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingPairwise comparisonArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer
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From two to many: The role of executive functions in young children's generalization of novel object names in a comparison design

2020

In this study, 4-year-old children were tested in an object name generalization task with a stimulus comparison design. Performance in the generalization task was correlated with performance in a vocabulary test and three executive function tasks assessing inhibition, flexibility, and working memory. Correlational analyses revealed a significant association with flexibility but not with inhibition, working memory or vocabulary test. We interpret the results in terms of a capacity to flexibly generate novel dimensions rather than inhibiting irrelevant dimensions. Individual differences in working memory and inhibition did not significantly influence performance in the word extension task. Mo…

Conceptual DevelopmentExecutive FunctionsDistinctivenessComparison[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences
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Comparative evaluation of molecular methods for the quantitative measure of torquetenovirus (TTV) viremia, the new surrogate marker of immune compete…

2019

Background Torquetenovirus (TTV) viremia is emerging as a promising tool to assess functional immune competence, to predict posttransplant immune-related complications, and eventually to customize immunosuppression. Methods In this study, 327 blood samples were tested using two real-time PCR (rtPCR) assays both targeted to the untranslated region of the TTV genome. The first assay was an in-house rtPCR developed by our group, the second one was the recently marketed TTV R-GENE assay. Results In the validation study, the TTV R-GENE showed good performances in precision and reproducibility, and sensitivity as low as 12 TTV DNA copies/mL, like previously reported for the in-house rtPCR. The Bl…

Concordancedigital droplet PCR; methods comparison; real-time PCR; torquetenovirusViremiaTTVBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionComparative evaluation03 medical and health sciencesTTV; digital droplet PCR; methods comparison; real-time PCR0302 clinical medicineImmune systemVirologymedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineViremiaDigital droplet pcrTorque teno virusSurrogate endpointReproducibility of Resultsmedicine.diseaseVirologyDNA Virus InfectionsQuantitative measuretorquetenovirusInfectious DiseasesReal-time polymerase chain reactionCase-Control StudiesDNA Viral030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyreal-time PCRImmunocompetencedigital droplet PCRBiomarkersmethods comparison
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Diagnosis of simulated condylar bone defects using panoramic radiography, spiral tomography and cone-beam computed tomography: A comparison study.

2014

Objectives: Radiographic examination is one of the most important parts of the clinical assessment routine for temporomandibular disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) with panoramic radiography and spiral computed tomography for the detection of the simulated mandibular condyle bone lesions. Study Design: The sample consisted of 10 TMJs from 5 dried human skulls. Simulated erosive and osteophytic lesions were created in 3 different sizes using round diamond bur and bone chips, respectively. Panoramic radiography, spiral tomography and cone-beam computed tomography were used in defect detection. Data were statistically …

Cone beam computed tomographybusiness.industryRadiographyResearchOdontología:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ciencias de la saludSpiral computed tomographyCondyleOralfacial pain-TMJDstomatognathic systemBone lesionUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASComparison studyMedicineTomographybusinessNuclear medicineGeneral DentistrySpiralJournal of clinical and experimental dentistry
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