Search results for "comparison"

showing 10 items of 701 documents

Half-width plots, a simple tool to predict peak shape, reveal column kinetics and characterise chromatographic columns in liquid chromatography: Stat…

2013

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height, position, width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution, the plots are parabolic, although often, the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics, eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mas…

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height position width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution the plots are parabolic although often the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mass transfer the plots will be solute dependent and should be obtained with the data for each solute eluted with mobile phases at varying composition. The half-width plots approach is a simple tool that facilitates the prediction of peak shape (width and asymmetry) with optimisation purposes reveal the interaction kinetics of solutes in different columns and characterise chromatographic columns. This work shows half-width plots for different situations in isocratic elution including the use of different flows the effect of temperature the modification of the stationary phase surface by an additive the existence of specific interactions within the column and the comparison of columns. The adaptation to gradient elution is also described. Previous knowledge on half-width plots is structured and analysed to which new results are added.Work (thermodynamics)Column characterisationmedia_common.quotation_subjectKineticsLiquid chromatographyAnalytical chemistryHalf-widthsInteraction kineticsBiochemistryAsymmetryAnalytical ChemistryPeak shapeColumn (typography)Position (vector)Mass transferPhase (matter)media_commonChromatographyElutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalKineticsPredictionChromatography LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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Exploiting social comparison using pervasive displays and mobile notifications for reducing energy consumption

2017

Abstract Public displays have been used as a persuasive technology in many prior works. In this paper, we describe a persuasive pervasive system aimed at influencing users’ behavior for reducing energy consumption in buildings. This system exploits a pervasive display that visualizes the energy consumption in different levels (rooms, floors, and buildings), exploiting social comparison techniques. Moreover, our system may be extended by means of a mobile application that sends persuasive personalized messages to the users regarding their energy consumption. We then present our evaluation study design, aimed at comparing the effectiveness of three possible implementation of our system: one b…

Pervasive displaypersuasive technologySettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniSocial comparison theorybehavior changeMultimediaExploitComputer science020209 energyBehavior change02 engineering and technologyEnergy consumptionPublic displaysPersuasive technologycomputer.software_genresocial comparisonenergy consumption0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringPervasive displays; energy consumption; behavior change; persuasive technology; social comparisoncomputerProceedings of the 6th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays - PerDis 17
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Kac-potential treatment of nonintegrable interactions.

2000

We consider d-dimensional systems with nonintegrable, algebraically decaying pairwise interactions. It is shown that, upon introduction of periodic boundary conditions and a long-distance cutoff in the interaction range, the bulk thermodynamics can be obtained rigorously by means of a Kac-potential treatment, leading to an exact, mean-field-like theory. This explains various numerical results recently obtained for finite systems in the context of ``nonextensive thermodynamics,'' and in passing exposes a strong regulator dependence not discussed in these studies. Our findings imply that, contrary to some claims, Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics are sufficient for a standard description of this cla…

PhysicsClass (set theory)Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)FOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)Statistical mechanicsClassical mechanicsCutoffPeriodic boundary conditionsPairwise comparisonBoundary value problemStatistical physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsInteraction rangePhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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A Remark on an Overdetermined Problem in Riemannian Geometry

2016

Let (M, g) be a Riemannian manifold with a distinguished point O and assume that the geodesic distance d from O is an isoparametric function. Let \(\varOmega \subset M\) be a bounded domain, with \(O \in \varOmega \), and consider the problem \(\varDelta _p u = -1\ \mathrm{in}\ \varOmega \) with \(u=0\ \mathrm{on}\ \partial \varOmega \), where \(\varDelta _p\) is the p-Laplacian of g. We prove that if the normal derivative \(\partial _{\nu }u\) of u along the boundary of \(\varOmega \) is a function of d satisfying suitable conditions, then \(\varOmega \) must be a geodesic ball. In particular, our result applies to open balls of \(\mathbb {R}^n\) equipped with a rotationally symmetric metr…

PhysicsIsoparametric functionComparison principleGeodesic010102 general mathematicsRotationally symmetric spacesRiemannian manifoldRiemannian geometry01 natural sciencesRotationally symmetric spaceCombinatoricsOverdetermined systemsymbols.namesakeBounded function0103 physical sciencessymbolsComparison principle; Isoparametric functions; Overdetermined PDE; Riemannian Geometry; Rotationally symmetric spaces; Mathematics (all)Isoparametric functionsMathematics (all)Overdetermined PDEMathematics::Differential Geometry010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsRiemannian Geometry
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Laser spectroscopy of francium isotopes at the borders of the region of reflection asymmetry

2014

The magnetic dipole moments and changes in mean-square charge radii of the neutron-rich $^{218m,219,229,231}\text{Fr}$ isotopes were measured with the newly-installed Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (CRIS) beam line at ISOLDE, CERN, probing the $7s~^{2}S_{1/2}$ to $8p~^{2}P_{3/2}$ atomic transition. The $\delta\langle r^{2}\rangle^{A,221}$ values for $^{218m,219}\text{Fr}$ and $^{229,231}\text{Fr}$ follow the observed increasing slope of the charge radii beyond $N~=~126$. The charge radii odd-even staggering in this neutron-rich region is discussed, showing that $^{220}\text{Fr}$ has a weakly inverted odd-even staggering while $^{228}\text{Fr}$ has normal staggering. This sugges…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsNUCLEAR MOMENTS 218m219229231Fr; measured hyperfine spectra isotope shifts; deduced charge radii nuclear magnetic moments nuclear g factors. Comparison with available data.Isotopemedia_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementCharge (physics)[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]nucl-exAsymmetryFranciumNuclear physicschemistryNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Atomic physicsGround stateSpin (physics)SpectroscopyNuclear ExperimentMagnetic dipoleRADIOACTIVITY 218mFr measured decay products Ea; deduced T1/2.media_common
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Test of digital neutron-gamma discrimination with four different photomultiplier tubes for the NEutron Detector Array (NEDA)

2014

WOS: 000344994600012

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotomultiplierNeutron-gamma discriminationLiquid scintillatorCharge Comparisonbusiness.industrydigitalTime-of-flightDetectorIntegrated rise-timeComparisonScintillatorNEDAChargeTime of flightOpticsDigital neutron-gamma discriminationPhotomultiplier tubeNeutron detectionNeutron[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]businessInstrumentation
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Searching for the 5H resonance in the t+n+n system

2003

19 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, 2 appendices.-- PACS nrs.: 27.10.+h; 25.60.Gc.-- Printed version published Jul 28, 2003.

PhysicsNuclear reactionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsComparisons with previous resultsMeasured triton and neutron relative energy spectra energy and angular correlationsHyperspherical harmonic expansion analysisResonance[PACS] Properties of specific nuclei listed by mass ranges: A ≤ 5Nuclear Reactions C(6Hent) (6He2nt) E=240 MeV/nucleonNuclear physicsNuclear magnetic resonanceA ≤ 5 [[PACS] Properties of specific nuclei listed by mass ranges]45H deduced resonance features[PACS] Breakup and momentum distributionsNuclear Physics A
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Jets in medium - what RHIC and LHC measurements of R_AA and I_AA can teach about the parton-medium interaction

2011

High P_T observables associated with hard pQCD processes are regarded as tomographic probes of the medium created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. Unfortunately, tomography is unexpectedly complicated in practice due to model uncertainties and the highly averaged nature of many observables. However, a systematic comparison study demanding a simultaneous description of many observables within the same framework is sufficiently powerful to rule out a large fraction of conjectured models about the physics mechanism of parton-medium interaction. From this study, it can be inferred that the relevant mechanism is likely to be perturbatively tractable medium-induced radiation with a smal…

PhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron Colliderta114Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Component (thermodynamics)Elastic energyFOS: Physical sciencesPartonObservableRadiation01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesComparison study010306 general physicsNuclear Experiment
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Performance Comparison of SSMF and UltraWave Fibers for Ultra-Long-Haul 40-Gb/s WDM Transmission

2007

International audience; We experimentally compare the performance of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) and UltraWave fiber (UWF) for ultra-long-haul (ULH) 40-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexing transmissions. We used the carrier-suppressed return-to-zero amplitude-shift-keying (CSRZ-ASK) and the carrier-suppressed return-to-zero differential-phase-shift-keying (CSRZ-DPSK) formats, which are particularly well-adapted to 40-Gb/s pulse-overlapped propagation. We demonstrate that transmission distance well beyond 2000 km can be reached on UWF with both the CSRZ-ASK and CSRZ-DPSK formats, or on SSMF with the CSRZ-DPSK format only, thus indicating that SSMF-based infrastructure of incumbent car…

PhysicsWdm transmissionmodulation formatsoptical communicationsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsUltrawaveTransmission (telecommunications)Performance comparisonElectronic engineeringOptical fibersElectrical and Electronic Engineeringmodulation formats; optical communications; Optical fibersCommunication channel
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About the link between the detailed description of transitions in an ion and the average-ion models

2009

We study the link which exists between microscopic (detailed) models for the evolution of the electronic configurations in a population of ions and the macroscopic (average ion) models. Rigorous asymptotics are presented in situations where they exist (large temperature; almost empty or almost full shells), and numerical simulations are presented.

Physicseducation.field_of_studyApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsAverage-ion modelsrigorous asymptoticsPopulationcomparison of solutions34C11Ion37M0535Q40Statistical physicsElectron configurationmicroscopic models82D10Link (knot theory)education
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