Search results for "complex"
showing 10 items of 5889 documents
dsRNA induces apoptosis through an atypical death complex associating TLR3 to caspase-8
2012
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is a pattern-recognition receptor known to initiate an innate immune response when stimulated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Components of TLR3 signaling, including TIR domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-α (TRIF), have been demonstrated to contribute to dsRNA-induced cell death through caspase-8 and receptor interacting protein (RIP)1 in various human cancer cells. We provide here a detailed analysis of the caspase-8 activating machinery triggered in response to Poly(I:C) dsRNA. Engagement of TLR3 by dsRNA in both type I and type II lung cancer cells induces the formation of an atypical caspase-8-containing complex that is devoid of classical death receptors…
Correction of B-scan distortion for optimum ultrasonic imaging of backwalls with complex geometries
2020
Ultrasound undergoes refraction and reflection at interfaces between media of different acoustic refractive indices. The most common ultrasonic method (pulse-echo) monitors the reflected energy to infer the presence of flaws, whereas the lower amplitude of refracted signals is ignored. When the reflector is orientated normally with respect to the ultrasonic beam, the received echo signal shows the maximum amplitude. The pulse-echo method also relies on monitoring the amplitude of the backwall echo to identify or confirm the presence of defects. This works well for parts with constant thickness and with planar backwalls. Unfortunately, parts with complex backwalls are common to many industri…
Quasihyperbolic boundary conditions and capacity: Uniform continuity of quasiconformal mappings
2005
We prove that quasiconformal maps onto domains which satisfy a suitable growth condition on the quasihyperbolic metric are uniformly continuous when the source domain is equipped with the internal metric. The obtained modulus of continuity and the growth assumption on the quasihyperbolic metric are shown to be essentially sharp. As a tool, we prove a new capacity estimate.
The Average State Complexity of the Star of a Finite Set of Words Is Linear
2008
We prove that, for the uniform distribution over all sets Xof m(that is a fixed integer) non-empty words whose sum of lengths is n, $\mathcal{D}_X$, one of the usual deterministic automata recognizing X*, has on average $\mathcal{O}(n)$ states and that the average state complexity of X*is i¾?(n). We also show that the average time complexity of the computation of the automaton $\mathcal{D}_X$ is $\mathcal{O}(n\log n)$, when the alphabet is of size at least three.
Complex-Valued Independent Component Analysis of Natural Images
2011
Linear independent component analysis (ICA) learns simple cell receptive fields fromnatural images. Here,we showthat linear complex-valued ICA learns complex cell properties from Fourier-transformed natural images, i.e. two Gabor-like filters with quadrature-phase relationship. Conventional methods for complex-valued ICA assume that the phases of the output signals have uniform distribution. We show here that for natural images the phase distributions are, however, often far from uniform. We thus relax the uniformity assumption and model also the phase of the sources in complex-valued ICA. Compared to the original complex ICA model, the new model provides a better fit to the data, and leads…
The Daugavet equation for polynomials
2007
In this paper we study when the Daugavet equation is satisfied for weakly compact polynomials on a Banach space X, i.e. when the equality ‖Id + P‖ = 1 + ‖P‖ is satisfied for all weakly compact polynomials P : X −→ X. We show that this is the case when X = C(K), the real or complex space of continuous functions on a compact space K without isolated points. We also study the alternative Daugavet equation max |ω|=1 ‖Id + ω P‖ = 1 + ‖P‖ for polynomials P : X −→ X. We show that this equation holds for every polynomial on the complex space X = C(K) (K arbitrary) with values in X. The result is not true in the real case. Finally, we study the Daugavet and the alternative Daugavet equations for k-h…
Weak chord-arc curves and double-dome quasisymmetric spheres
2014
Let $\Omega$ be a planar Jordan domain and $\alpha>0$. We consider double-dome-like surfaces $\Sigma(\Omega,t^{\alpha})$ over $\overline{\Omega}$ where the height of the surface over any point $x\in\overline{\Omega}$ equals $\text{dist}(x,\partial\Omega)^{\alpha}$. We identify the necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of $\Omega$ and $\alpha$ so that these surfaces are quasisymmetric to $\mathbb{S}^2$ and we show that $\Sigma(\Omega,t^{\alpha})$ is quasisymmetric to the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^2$ if and only if it is linearly locally connected and Ahlfors $2$-regular.
Rescaling principle for isolated essential singularities of quasiregular mappings
2012
We establish a rescaling theorem for isolated essential singularities of quasiregular mappings. As a consequence we show that the class of closed manifolds receiving a quasiregular mapping from a punctured unit ball with an essential singularity at the origin is exactly the class of closed quasiregularly elliptic manifolds, that is, closed manifolds receiving a non-constant quasiregular mapping from a Euclidean space.
Banach spaces where convex combinations of relatively weakly open subsets of the unit ball are relatively weakly open
2018
We introduce and study Banach spaces which have property CWO, i.e., every finite convex combination of relatively weakly open subsets of their unit ball is open in the relative weak topology of the unit ball. Stability results of such spaces are established, and we introduce and discuss a geometric condition---property (co)---on a Banach space. Property (co) essentially says that the operation of taking convex combinations of elements of the unit ball is, in a sense, an open map. We show that if a finite dimensional Banach space $X$ has property (co), then for any scattered locally compact Hausdorff space $K$, the space $C_0(K,X)$ of continuous $X$-valued functions vanishing at infinity has…
Boundary blow-up under Sobolev mappings
2014
We prove that for mappings $W^{1,n}(B^n, \R^n),$ continuous up to the boundary, with modulus of continuity satisfying certain divergence condition, the image of the boundary of the unit ball has zero $n$-Hausdorff measure. For H\"older continuous mappings we also prove an essentially sharp generalized Hausdorff dimension estimate.