Search results for "confidence interval"
showing 10 items of 1297 documents
Decongestion discriminates risk for one-year mortality in patients with improving renal function in acute heart failure
2021
Aims Improving renal function (IRF) is paradoxically associated with worse outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF), but outcomes may differ based on response to decongestion. We explored if the relationship of IRF with mortality in hospitalized AHF patients differs based on successful decongestion.Methods and results We evaluated 760 AHF patients from AKINESIS for the relationship between IRF, change in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and 1-year mortality. IRF was defined as a >= 20% increase in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) relative to admission. Adequate decongestion was defined as a >= 40% decrease in last measured BNP relative to admission. IRF occurred in 22% of pat…
Laryngeal Mask Airway Position and the Risk of Gastric Insufflation
1998
A potential risk of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is an incomplete mask seal causing gastric insufflation or oropharyngeal air leakage.The objective of the present study was to assess the incidence of LMA malpositions by fiberoptic laryngoscopy, and to determine their influence on gastric insufflation and oropharyngeal air leakage. One hundred eight patients were studied after the induction of anesthesia, before any surgical manipulations. After clinically satisfactory LMA placement, tidal volumes were increased stepwise until air entered the stomach, airway pressure exceeded 40 cm H2 O, or air leakage from the mask seal prevented further increases in tidal volume. LMA position in relatio…
Focal liver lesions: interobserver and intraobserver agreement of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound-assisted volume measurements
2021
Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the interobserver and intraobserver agreement of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) volume calculations of focal liver lesions (FLLs).Methods: Thirty-nine patients (15 men and 24 women; mean age, 55.4 years) with 39 Flis (mean size, 3.1 +/- 1.8 cm; size range, 1 to 8 cm) prospectively underwent 3D-CEUS. Four readers calculated the volume of each lesion in an independent and blinded fashion in two separate sessions by means of a semi-automatic, commercially available proprietary software. The differences in lesion volumes (cm(3)) among sessions and readers were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test…
Intercurrent factors associated with the development of open-angle glaucoma in The European Glaucoma Prevention Study
2007
Purpose: To evaluate the intercurrent factors for the development of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in ocular hypertensive patients who were enrolled in the European Glaucoma Prevention Study (EGPS). Design: Randomized, double masked, controlled clinical trial. Methods: setting: Multicenter. study population: A total of 1,077 patients fulfilled a series of inclusion criteria, including intraocular pressure (IOP) 22 to 29 mm Hg, normal and reliable visual fields (VFs) and normal optic disks. intervention: Treatment with dorzolamide or placebo. main outcome measures: Glaucoma-related VF or optic disk changes. Clinical data were collected every six months during a five-year follow-up. Proportional …
Heritability of Intraocular Pressure in Older Female Twins
2006
Purpose To examine the heritability of intraocular pressure (IOP) among older women not diagnosed as having glaucoma. Design Cross-sectional twin study. Participants 94 monozygotic (MZ) and 96 dizygotic (DZ) female twin pairs aged 63–76 years and not diagnosed as having glaucoma. Methods Intraocular pressure was measured using a noncontact tonometer. The contributions of genetic and environmental factors to individual differences in IOP were estimated by applying an independent pathway model to twin data. Main Outcome Measures Contribution of genetic and environmental effects to the variation in IOP among MZ and DZ twins. Results Mean IOP of the study population was 14.1 mmHg (± standard de…
Objective Bayesian point and region estimation in location-scale models.
2007
Point and region estimation may both be described as specific decision problems. In point estimation, the action space is the set of possible values of the quantity on interest; in region estimation, the action space is the set of its possible credible regions. Foundations dictate that the solution to these decision problems must depend on both the utility function and the prior distribution. Estimators intended for general use should surely be invariant under one-to-one transformations, and this requires the use of an invariant loss function; moreover, an objective solution requires the use of a prior which does not introduce subjective elements. The combined use of an invariant informatio…
Quantitative Analysis of Real-Time Infrared Thermography for the Assessment of Lumbar Sympathetic Blocks: A Preliminary Study
2021
Lumbar sympathetic blocks (LSBs) are commonly performed to treat pain ailments in the lower limbs. LSBs involve injecting local anesthetic around the nerves. The injection is guided by fluoroscopy which is sometimes considered to be insufficiently accurate. The main aim was to analyze the plantar foot skin temperature data acquired while performing LSBs in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) affecting the lower limbs. Forty-four LSBs for treating lower limb CRPS in 13 patients were assessed. Pain medicine physicians visualized the infrared thermography (IRT) video in real time and classified the performance depending on the observed thermal changes within the first 4 min. Th…
qFIBS: A Novel Automated Technique for Quantitative Evaluation of Fibrosis, Inflammation, Ballooning, and Steatosis in Patients With Nonalcoholic Ste…
2020
[Background and Aims] Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common cause of chronic liver disease. Clinical trials use the NASH Clinical Research Network (CRN) system for semiquantitative histological assessment of disease severity. Interobserver variability may hamper histological assessment, and diagnostic consensus is not always achieved. We evaluate a second harmonic generation/two‐photon excitation fluorescence (SHG/TPEF) imaging‐based tool to provide an automated quantitative assessment of histological features pertinent to NASH.
Treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma associated with cirrhosis by percutaneous ethanol injection. A trial with a comparison group.
1997
Ethanol injection has been reported to be effective in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, but no controlled randomized trials have been performed. We therefore performed a trial comparing ethanol injection with an untreated, matched historical comparison group in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.From 1992 to 1993, 35 patients (14 Child's A and 21 Child's B cirrhosis) with small (4 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma associated with cirrhosis were treated by ethanol injection. Each patient was matched with an untreated case (followed up during the period 1984-89) for variables known to have independent prognostic value (age, Child's classification, number of lesions, alpha-fetoprot…
Midlife fitness predicts less burden of chronic disease in later life.
2013
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between midlife fitness in healthy adults and the development of nonfatal chronic conditions (CCs) in older age. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Data on participants were drawn from the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study and linked with US Medicare claims made in the years 1999 through 2009. PARTICIPANTS: The cohort included 18 670 participants (median age, 49 years; 21% women) who had received a comprehensive clinical examination between 1970 and 2009 at the Cooper Center, were ≥65 years of age and covered by Medicare between 1999 and 2009, and who reported no baseline history of CCs such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. The participa…