Search results for "cost"
showing 10 items of 5421 documents
Appunti storico-giuridici in margine a due recenti pronunce sul diritto alla vita
2009
Cost that is Directly Incurred as a Result of Operating the Train Service on the 1520 mm Rail with Primarily Freight Transportation
2016
AbstractUnder the Directive 2012/34/EU (21 November 2012) “the charges for … [rail] infrastructure … shall be set at the cost that is directly incurred as a result of operating the train service”. This charging rule is new for Baltic States’ railways, where due to the favorable geographic position a full cost application without detalization was possible. Although, a big number of relevant studies on the issue was made in EU, all of them covered only 1435mm railways with primarily passenger transportation. This study has been made in order to understand the impact of train operating on 1520mm rail infrastructure with primarily freight transportation.A gradual model of infrastructure chargin…
Studying the relationships between hourly precipitation extremes and dewpoint temperature in Sicily.
2019
According to the well-known Clausius-Clapeyron relation, the maximum moisture content of the atmosphere increases with approximately 7% per degree temperature raise (CC-scaling rate). Under the hypothesis that relative humidity does not change, an increase in the water vapor should occur at the same rate. For this reason we could expect for the coming years an increase in the intensity of extreme precipitation as a consequence of the global climate warming. Trend on precipitation extremes and possible links to changes in atmospheric temperature and moisture are investigated in different parts of the world, and a number of observational studies has exhibited scaling rates that are either hig…
Trend of inter-arrival times of rainfall events for Italian Sub-Alpine and Mediterranean areas
2011
A simple scaling procedure to assess the impact of climate change on extreme precipitation
2017
In this study we used the products of the Regional Climate Models (RCMs) to evaluate the impact of climate alterations on extreme events across the Region of Sicily (Italy). Data have been retrieved from EURO-CORDEX simulations at 12 km of spatial resolution. Because of the low resolution, the RCMs products are likely unsuitable to reproduce consistently sub-daily heavy precipitations. For this reason, extreme events at daily scale were first checked out by comparing the quantiles estimated from raingauge observations and RCMs outputs. Secondly, we implemented a temporal downscaling approach to estimate rainfall for durations of 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 hours from the modeled daily precipitation. La…
A physically-based and distributed tool for modeling the hydrological and mechanical processes of shallow landslides
2015
This work presents the capabilities of a model, i.e. the tRIBS-VEGGIE-Landslide, in two different versions, i.e. developed within a probabilistic framework and coupled with a root cohesion module. The probabilistic model treats geotechnical and soil retention curve parameters as random variables across the basin and estimates theoretical probability distributions of slope stability and the associated “factor of safety” commonly used to describe the occurrence of shallow landslides. The derived distributions are used to obtain the spatiotemporal dynamics of probability of failure, conditioned on soil moisture dynamics at each watershed location. The framework has been tested in the Luquillo …
DEM-resolution control on rainfall-triggered landslide modeling within a triangulated network-based model
2019
Catchment slope distribution significantly controls rainfall-triggered landslide modeling, in both direct and indirect ways. Slope directly determines the soil volume associated with instability. Indirectly, it affects the subsurface lateral redistribution of soil moisture across the basin, which in turn determines the water pore pressure conditions that impact slope stability. It is thus clear that the accuracy in reproducing slope distribution may be crucial in slope stability analysis. The resolution of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) regulates the description of the topography. The correlation between raster resolution and landslide model outputs has been investigated in the literatur…
INFLUENCE OF RAINFALL OBSERVATION NETWORK ON MODELED HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSE
2012
Precipitation data, one of the most important input required in hydrological modeling and forecasting, are usually recorded using raingauges which are classical and fundamental tools able to provide an estimate of rainfall at a point. The consistency of precipitation monitoring network in terms of spatial scale (network density and location of raingauges) and time resolution has to be capable to reproduce, with acceptable accuracy, the characteristics of the flood phenomenon. In this context, over the last thirty years, several studies concerning the influence of point measurement of rainfall for the estimation of total runoff volume have been carried out. Aim of this paper is using a physi…
La legge finanziaria e gli equilibri della forma di governo in Italia
2010
La definizione dei contenuti della manovra finanziaria ha costituito, tanto nell'era del parlamentarismo compromissorio, quanto in quella del parlamentarismo maggioritario, un momento di grande complessità sotto il profilo decisionale, ma anche di grande interesse sotto il profilo dei rapporti tra maggioranza ed opposizione e degli equilibri interni alla stessa maggioranza. Ciò è reso evidente dai tempi e dalle modalità di approvazione sopratutto della legge finanziaria, specie nella fase del parlamentarismo maggioritario.
Procreazione medicalmente assistita: il consenso alle tecniche di pma e la responsabilità genitoriale di single, conviventi e parti unite civilmente
2018
Il saggio prende in esame il tema dell’aspirazione alla genitorialità delle persone singole e delle coppie same-sex dopo la legge n. 76/2016 sulle unioni civili e le convivenze, e quello del formale riconoscimen- to della genitorialità acquisita in fatto dagli stessi soggetti e della connessa responsabilità genitoriale. Ricostruita la cornice costituzionale di riferimento, vengono proposte alcune soluzioni interpretative volte a superare in via ermeneutica l’inconciliabilità di talune regole di rango ordinario con le regole e i principî apicali rintracciati in un sistema multilivello delle fonti. Esaminate le disposizioni del codice civile e delle leggi speciali in materia di assunzione del…