Search results for "cross-section"
showing 10 items of 2665 documents
Metabolic syndrome in subjects with white-coat hypertension: impact on left ventricular structure and function
2007
Some reports have suggested that white-coat hypertension (WCH) is associated with some features of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). These metabolic disturbances, instead of WCH per se, may potentially explain the greater extent of end-organ damage sometimes observed in WCH subjects (WCHs) when compared to normotensive individuals (NTs). The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to compare left ventricular (LV) structure and function in three groups of subjects: WCHs with MetS, WCHs without MetS and NTs. A total of 145 WCHs, 35% of whom had MetS, were enrolled. As controls, 35 NTs were also studied. In all subjects, routine blood chemistry, echocardiographic examination and 24-h ambulat…
[Central blood pressure and vascular damage].
2014
Abstract Background and objective The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between central blood pressure and vascular damage. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study involved 393 never treated hypertensive patients (166 women). Clinical blood pressure (BP), 24 h blood pressure (BP 24 h ) and central blood pressure (CBP) were measured. Vascular organ damage (VOD) was assessed by calculating the albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), wave pulse pressure velocity and echocardiographic left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Results Patients with VOD had higher values of BP, BP 24 h , and CBP than patients without ACR. When comparing several systolic BP, systolic BP 24 h had a higher …
Longitudinal study examining the neurotoxicity of occupational exposure to aluminium-containing welding fumes
2003
The neurotoxicity of occupational exposure to aluminium (Al)-containing welding fumes has been discussed with controversial results. The aim of the longitudinal study was to examine a group of Al welders for significant central nervous changes in comparison with a non-exposed cohort.A group of 98 Al welders (mean age 37 years) in the car-body construction industry, with a median of 6 years of occupational exposure to Al welding fumes, and an education-matched, gender-matched, age-matched control group of 50 car-production workers (mean age 36 years) at the same plant, were included in this longitudinal study. Two cross-sectional studies were done in 1999 and 2001. In the second cross-sectio…
Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging predictors of disease progression in multiple sclerosis: a nine-year follow-up study.
2014
Objective: The objective of this paper is to identify clinical or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predictors of long-term clinical progression in a large cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Methods: A total of 241 relapsing–remitting (RR) MS patients were included in a nine-year follow-up (FU) study. The reference MRIs were acquired at baseline (BL) as part of a multicenter, cross-sectional, clinical-MRI study. Volumetric MRI metrics were measured by a fully automated, operator-independent, multi-parametric segmentation method. Clinical progression was evaluated as defined by: conversion from RR to secondary progressive (SP) disease course; progression of Expanded Disability Status…
Physical activity and depression: a large cross-sectional, population-based study across 36 low- and middle-income countries
2016
Objective: Physical activity (PA) is good for health, yet several small-scale studies have suggested that depression is associated with low PA. A paucity of nationally representative studies investigating this relationship exists, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study explored the global association of PA with depression and its mediating factors. Method: Participants from 36 LMICs from the World Health Survey were included. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken exploring the relationship between PA and depression. Results: Across 178 867 people (mean ± SD age = 36.2 ± 13.5 years; 49.9% male), the prevalence of depression and the prevalenc…
Multiple sclerosis severity score: Using disability and disease duration to rate disease severity
2005
Background: There is no consensus method for determining progression of disability in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) when each patient has had only a single assessment in the course of the disease. Methods: Using data from two large longitudinal databases, the authors tested whether cross-sectional disability assessments are representative of disease severity as a whole. An algorithm, the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS), which relates scores on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) to the distribution of disability in patients with comparable disease durations, was devised and then applied to a collection of 9,892 patients from 11 countries to create the Global MSSS. I…
A retinal snap shot may indicate individual risk for cardiovascular disease — The MIPH Eye&Health Study
2014
Examination of retinal vasculature can be used to non-invasively quantify changes within the microvasculature of the human body and might be a predictor of cardiovascular disease. This study evaluates associations of the structure of the retinal vasculature with established risk factors for cardiovascular disease.A cross-sectional study was performed in a working age population. Several systemic cardiovascular parameters were analyzed and PROCAM- and SCORE-risk estimates were calculated. A quantitative ophthalmological examination including digital fundus imaging has taken place. Central retinal arterial/venous equivalents (CRAE/CRVE) and arterio-venous ratio (AVR) were analyzed using valid…
Focal therapy in localised prostate cancer: Real-world urological perspective explored in a cross-sectional European survey
2018
Introduction: The urological community's opinion over focal therapy (FT) for prostate cancer (PCa) has never been assessed. Our aim was to investigate the current opinion on FT in the European urological community. Methods: A 25 -item questionnaire was devised according to the Cherries checklist and distributed through SurveyMonkey using a web link from November 2016 to October 2017. After a pilot validation (n=40 urologists), the survey was sent through EAU and 9 other national European urological societies mailing list. Twitter was also used. Results: We received 484 replies from 51 countries. Almost half (44.8%, n=217) stated FT would represent a step forward, and 52.0% (n=252) would sug…
Is there a relationship between chocolate consumption and symptoms of depression? A cross-sectional survey of 13,626 US adults
2019
Objective: To examine associations between chocolate consumption and depressive symptoms in a large, representative sample of US adults. Methods: The data were from 13,626 adults (≥20 years) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007–08 and 2013–14. Daily chocolate consumption was derived from two 24-hr dietary recalls. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), with scores ≥10 indicating the presence of clinically relevant symptoms. We used multivariable logistic regression to test associations of chocolate consumption (no chocolate, non-dark chocolate, dark chocolate) and amount of chocolate consumption (grams/…
Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity. Review of the literature and experience in a Peruvian Population
2012
Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of malignant melanoma cases treated at the National Institute for Neoplastic Diseases “Dr. Eduardo Caceres Graziani” (INEN) over the period 1952 to 2008. Study Design: All clinical records with complete data of patients presenting a histopathological diagnosis of malignant melanoma of the oral cavity were reviewed. Data such as age, gender, location, tumor size, disease length, presence of metastasis, treatment received and year of admission were recorded. Results: During the study period 97 cases were found. The average age of patients was 52.85±1.6 years old mostly between 50 and 59 years old; the predominant gender was the female. The m…