Search results for "cultural heritage."
showing 10 items of 759 documents
Biodeterioration
2022
The biodeterioration of organic and inorganic materials, as well as polymers, is a complex of alteration processes induced by the growing and metabolic activity of organisms. It can be recognized on monuments, wall paintings, stone, wood, paper, vegetal/animal fibers, and parchment artworks. As defined by Hueck, 1968, biodeterioration is “any undesirable change in the properties of a material caused by the vital activities of organisms”; this definition is accepted as the meaning of the phenomenon. Both macroorganisms (such as animals, plants, and mosses) and microorganisms (such as autotrophic or heterotrophic bacteria, microfungi, cyanobacteria, algae, and lichens) represent the triggers …
Plant products as biocides for conservation of cultural asset sustainable for human and environmental health
2022
In the last decades plants products are increasingly used also in defining innovative procedures for sustainable conservation of cultural heritage. Particularly, essential oils or hydro-alcoholic extracts have been fruitful applied to contrast microbial colonization on organic and inorganic artworks or insect infestation (Anobidae) having regard to the repellent action.
 In this paper, extracts from Asteraceae and Lamiaceae plant families are utilized to counteract widespread microbial colonization (bacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi) due to their antimicrobial activity. In order to define the adequate concentration correlating it to microbial species detected, the antimicrobial activity o…
FRESHWATER CYANOBACTERIA, IDENTIFIED BY MICROSCOPIC AND MOLECULAR INVESTIGATIONS ON A COLONIZED FOUNTAIN SURFACE: A CASE STUDY IN PALERMO (SICILY, IT…
2021
Cyanobacteria or blue algae are ubiquitously present in both fresh and brackish water environments. They also grow in conditions of high humidity, colonizing stones or monuments and fountain surfaces, and creating thick biofilms able to induce biodeterioration in the constituent materials of artefacts. As well as several photoautotrophic organisms, cyanobacteria belong to the microorganisms identified as primary colonizers, playing an important role in stone artwork deterioration. In this study, an analysis was made of the biofilm collected from the stone fountain of the Two Dragons in Palermo (Italy), revealing the presence of cyanobacterial colonies by optical microscopy, due to their pec…
Cnidarian inflammatory reaction and bioactive molecules: from multifunctional role to cultural heritage applications
2015
The renewed interest in the study of genes of immunity in Cnidaria has led to additional information to the scenario of the first stages of immunity evolution revealing the cellular processes involved in symbiosis, in the regulation of homeostasis and in the fight against infections. We investigated the inflammatory response in Anemonia sulcata (Cnidaria: Anthozoa), following injection of various substances different in type and dimension, and observed clear, strong and specific reactions especially after injection of bacteria. The enzymes evaluation (protease, phosphatase and esterase), showing how the injection of different bacterial strains alters the expression of these enzymes suggesti…
Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Halloysite Nanotubes: From General Aspects to Technological Applications
2022
Besides surfactants, which decrease the interfacial tension between two immiscible liquids, also interfacially active particles can successfully stabilize an emulsion system by attaching at the liquid–liquid interface. The preparation of the resulting Pickering emulsions has been so far investigated starting from the study of the interactions arising between the dispersed droplets and the stabilizers, till the application of these systems in a wide range of different fields. This work is intended to provide an overall overview about the development of Pickering emulsions by considering the most general aspects and scanning the diverse types of solid stabilizers. Among them, Halloysite nanot…
Diagnostic Multidisciplinary Investigations for Cultural Heritage at Etna Volcano: A Case Study from the 1669 Eruption in the Mother Church at the Ol…
2022
Misterbianco is located on the southern flank of Mt. Etna (Unesco site), in eastern Sicily (Italy). This site, also known as Monasterium Album, has a long and tormented history linked with volcanic activity of Mt. Etna and regional seismicity. This site received much attention in the 2000s when excavation works brought to light a 14th century church remains below the thick layer of the 1669 lava. This study documents the first diagnostic multidisciplinary survey performed at this site 350 years after the eruption: the investigations were performed by using techniques such as ground-penetrating radar, infrared thermography, a terrestrial laser scanner and a drone survey to analyze the site’s…
Effect of the different data survey scale on assessment of seismic exposure and vulnerability of the historic center of Caltabellotta
2019
The results of the prediction of exposure and seismic vulnerability for the buildings of the historic center of Caltabellotta, obtained with databases of different levels of accuracy, are compared. In particular, the results obtained on the basis of the estimation of the characteristics and of the distribution of the typologies derived from the filling in of the CARTIS sheets on a sector scale are compared with those obtained through a survey from the outside to a building scale. In this latter area, indicators contained in the CARTIS are suitably supplemented with those available in the literature, partly modified to adapt them to the local reality. The vulnerability is evaluated on the ba…
MUSAC, MUSEO DE ARTE CONTEMPORANEO DE CASTILLA Y LEON
2009
Il Musac si trova nell’omonima regione della Spagna del nord e nonostante la sua giovane età, è stato inaugurato solo nell’aprile del 2005, si è presto distinto nel panorama internazionale per due aspetti che forse inconsapevolmente si relazionano tra loro e riguardano l’importante contenitore architettonico, insignito del prestigioso premio della Fondazione Mies van der Rohe e un singolare progetto di immagine coordinata che ne accompagna tutte le manifestazioni legate in varia misura all’arte contemporanea (mostre, workshop, convegni, incontri con gli artisti). La fabbrica architettonica progettata da Emilio Tuñón e Luis Mansilla, esprime nella sua complessa morfologia, nei suoi esterni e…
Siti Web Museali: Identità Perdute. Appunti per una “storia” del progetto web museale nei primi anni 2000
2021
This discussion tries to investigate the theme of the "web amnesia" in relation to the website project of cultural institutions. More precisely, the reflection is inspired by a "rereading" of a research experience gained within the University of Palermo through the drafting of a doctoral thesis entitled "The web for culture. From digital identity to the design of online services” which had as its objective the mapping of the websites of museums or cultural institutions in relation to quality criteria, operational indications, design guidelines and, in general, to all the issues of the sectoral scientific debate of the early 2000s. Today, thanks to this possible reinterpretation, this resear…
MADRE, Museo d'Arte Contemporanea Donna Regina Napoli
2009
Madre è una parola forte e viscerale, che come un cordone ombelicale ci unisce indissolubilmente a chi ci ha generato, sia esso umano e terreno o, in un’estensione di significato, soprannaturale e cosmico, e ha la forza di porre l’omonima struttura museale della città di Napoli, il cui nome si compone con le iniziali di più parole: Museo d’Arte contemporanea Donna REgina Napoli, in una posizione di assoluta visibilità. Visibilità che, come ci ricorda Giovanni Anceschi, è legata al permanere dell’immagine, ed è pertanto inevitabile che il nome del museo di recente costituzione, non si scordi facilmente, non foss’altro perché è designato da una di quelle parole che ci accompagnano, sin dall’i…