Search results for "data"

Multicriteria evaluation of alternatives for remote monitoring systems of municipal buildings

2014

Abstract Conservation of natural resources drives municipalities to monitor their heat, power and water consumption more accurately. The objective of this study was to evaluate different implementation possibilities for remote monitoring systems for the municipal buildings of two medium-sized municipalities, Hollola and Nastola in Southern Finland. Four different alternatives were considered: (1) a system by an external service provider, (2) a system provided by the local energy distribution company, (3) a system built by the municipalities themselves, and (4) using the current manual system but with more frequent data collection. The alternatives were evaluated in terms of multiple functio…

Bilevel heat exchanger network synthesis with an interactive multi-objective optimization method

2012

Abstract Heat exchanger network synthesis (HENS) has been an active research area for more than 40 years because well-designed heat exchanger networks enable heat recovery in process industries in an energy- and cost-efficient manner. Due to ever increasing global competition and need to decrease the harmful effects done on the environment, there still is a continuous need to improve the heat exchanger networks and their synthesizing methods. In this work we present a HENS method that combines an interactive multi-objective optimization method with a simultaneous bilevel HENS method, where the bilevel part of the method is based on grouping of process streams and building aggregate streams …

Performance of an asymmetric and asynchronous decode-and-forward FBMC relay system

2014

End-to-end link performance of an asymmetric and asynchronous dual-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relay system built up using a causal multirate filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) technique operated under Rayleigh fading is presented. Three main performance measures namely bit error rate (BER), outage probability and channel capacity are used for this evaluation and approximate closed-form expressions for them are also made available. FBMC setup is modeled in exact form without any approximations while customizing to one of the most efficient subcarrier filter. Simulations are carried out in quasi-static multipath fading channels under symmetric, asymmetric, synchronous and asynchronous condition…

Visualising maritime vessel open data for better situational awareness in ice conditions

2018

Situational awareness of maritime vessels in ice conditions is important for the operation of supply chains. In the artic sea areas, the ice conditions pose a major challenge for maritime vessels getting stuck in the ice and being significantly delayed in arrival to harbor. Data science and open data provide new opportunities to overcome these challenges. This paper introduces available open data sources and data visualizations that can be used to develop applications, for example, for detecting maritime vessel collision, predicting estimated time of arrival to harbor, as well as maritime vessel route optimization in ice conditions. The paper begins by introducing available open data source…

Estimating Regional Input Coefficients and Multipliers: The Use of FLQ is Not a Gamble

2014

Flegg A. T. and Tohmo T. Estimating regional input coefficients and multipliers: the use of FLQ is not a gamble, Regional Studies. This paper re-examines the Finnish evidence presented by Lehtonen and Tykkylainen on the use of location quotients (LQs) in estimating regional input coefficients and multipliers. They argue that the choice of an LQ-based method is a gamble and that there is no single method that can be recommended for general use. It is contended here that this evidence is erroneous and that the FLQ (Flegg's location quotient) yields results far superior to those from competing formulae, so it should provide a satisfactory way of generating an initial set of input coefficients.…

The challenges of GxE research: A rejoinder

2017

Dynamic Sustainability. Sustainability Window Analysis of Chinese Poverty-Environment Nexus Development

2015

Sustainability Window is a new analysis tool for assessing the sustainability of development simultaneously in all of its three dimensions (environmental, economic, and social). The analysis method provides information of the maximum and minimum economic development that is required to maintain the direction of social and environmental development towards more sustainable targets. With the Sustainability Window method it is possible to easily analyze the sustainability using different indicators and different time periods making comparative analyses easy. The new method makes it also possible to analyze the dynamics of the sustainability and the changes over time in the width of the window.…

The relationship between context, structure, and processes with outcomes of 6 regional diabetes networks in Europe

2018

BackgroundWhile health service provisioning for the chronic condition Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) often involves a network of organisations and professionals, most evidence on the relationships between the structures and processes of service provisioning and the outcomes considers single organisations or solo practitioners. Extending Donabedian's Structure-Process-Outcome (SPO) model, we investigate how differences in quality of life, effective coverage of diabetes, and service satisfaction are associated with differences in the structures, processes, and context of T2D services in six regions in Finland, Germany, Greece, Netherlands, Spain, and UK.MethodsData collection consisted of: a) systemat…

Moral distress among social workers : the role of insufficient resources

2015

The present study examined moral distress among Finnish social workers and the role of perceived resource insufficiencies in explaining it. The aim was to shed light on this understudied phenomenon in the field of social welfare. The study focused on work-related moral distress, defined as impaired wellbeing that is connected to the continual inability to implement actions that one considers morally appropriate. The survey data were collected with an electronic questionnaire between the years 2011 and 2012. The respondents (n = 817) were social workers in the public social welfare services and the overall response rate was 46.5 per cent. Nearly 11 per cent of the respondents reported experi…

Equal access to the top? Measuring selection into finnish academia

2019

In this article, we draw a parallel between equality of opportunity in educational transitions and equality of opportunity in academic careers. In both cases, many methodological problems can be ameliorated by the use of longitudinal rather than cross-sectional data. We illustrate this point by using Finnish full-population register data to follow the educational and academic careers of the 1964–1966 birth cohorts from birth to the present day. We show how the Finnish professoriate is highly selected both in terms of parental background and in terms of gender. Individuals of different backgrounds differ greatly in the likelihood of completing different educational and academic transitions, …