Search results for "death"
showing 10 items of 1744 documents
Knowledge-based strategy to trigger grapevine immunity
2012
The multiple facets of Cajal-Retzius neurons.
2021
ABSTRACTCajal-Retzius neurons (CRs) are among the first-born neurons in the developing cortex of reptiles, birds and mammals, including humans. The peculiarity of CRs lies in the fact they are initially embedded into the immature neuronal network before being almost completely eliminated by cell death at the end of cortical development. CRs are best known for controlling the migration of glutamatergic neurons and the formation of cortical layers through the secretion of the glycoprotein reelin. However, they have been shown to play numerous additional key roles at many steps of cortical development, spanning from patterning and sizing functional areas to synaptogenesis. The use of genetic l…
Des canaux Ioniques de la membrane plasmique lors de la mort cellulaire programmée induite par l’ozone chez A. thaliana
2011
Tropospheric ozone is a major secondary pollutant. In addition to its role in greenhouse effect gas, ozone is one of the most toxic air pollutants, and its pollution affects both human health and crop productivity. The work presented in this thesis concerns the role of ion channels in the plasma membrane in response to acute exposure to ozone and their interactions with signaling events leading to O3-induced PCD in A. Thaliana cultured cells. We have shown that cell death was genetically controlled and characterized by cell shrinkage similar to the mechanism of "Apoptosis Volume Decrease" (AVD) described in animal. This process is initially promoted by an early activation of a plasma membra…
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O103 from rabbit elicits actin stress fibers and focal adhesions in HeLa epithelial cells, cytopathic effects that …
1997
Escherichia coli O103, a major agent of weaned-rabbit diarrhea in Western Europe, was previously shown to produce diarrhea and attaching-and-effacing intestinal lesions in experimentally infected rabbits and to possess a homolog of the eaeA gene of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). In the present study, we have shown that although negative in the fluorescent-actin staining test on HeLa cells, prototype rabbit E. coli O103 strain B10 was able to induce an original cytopathic effect (CPE) in the same interaction model. This CPE was characterized by a generalized reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of focal adhesions on the entire surface of the target cells. These effect…
Last Letters
2008
This collection of essays is devoted to last letters: letters sent - or not - to sever a relationship, to mark the end of a phase in one's life, or letters written by people about to be executed or commit suicide just before their deaths. Conversely, some of the letters analysed are fictional, and still other forms of texts, such as poems, are considered ultimate messages by the authors of the articles. By focussing on various forms of last letters, the contributors aim to define the influence of the epistolary context on endings and to provide an original approach to closure.
La peine de mort dans l'Encyclopédie et ses Suppléments
2012
This is a study of Montesquieu's and Beccaria's views on the right to apply death punishment as stated in the great Encyclopedia and in the Supplements. Without providing any unique answer to the question whether society may claim the right of life and death, the encyclopaedists reconsidered and diffused the reformism of the major authors of the eighteenth-century legal culture, thus promoting a societal justice before the Revolution.
Illuminismo e giustizia penale. Il caso della ghigliottina
2011
International audience; A mechanical daughter of the enlightenment, the guillotine remains a frightening symbol of its dialectic. Being one of the most troubling inventions of utilitarian rationalism in modern europe, it meets the expectations of equality, secularism, and humanity of the legal culture of Philosophes. Focusing on the texts and contexts of the institution of this lethal machine in the administration of justice, this article examines the anthropological sense and the political dimension of the recourse to the machine. Is the mechanization of capital punishment a step forward in the humanization of social relations or the entry in the era of technical inhumanity? In this ambigu…
Pas de titre traduit
2011
This doctoral thesis combines historical and communication approaches, focusing on how old age is portrayed in contemporary French society. Whether through the analysis of political speeches, commercials, or by studying cinematic and literary characters, we discover that there is a consistent approach in the portrayal of old age. This doctoral research demonstrates why these portrayals result in an historical evolution, in an ideology of « youthism », as well as reflecting current society’s views. The assumption elaborated in this paper is that Western society conceals old age, which it deems unpleasant to look at, and which is therefore hidden from the general public. In doing so, millions…
Assessment of the toxicity of cholesterol oxides on retinal pigment epithelial cultured cells
2006
International audience; Purpose: Among the retinal lipid deposits found in AMD (age related macular degeneration), esterified and unesterified cholesterol have been identified. Cholesterol that accumulates in Bruch's membrane could be oxidized and lead to cholesterol oxides known as oxysterols. These compounds have cytotoxic activities on many vascular cell types, and we conducted this study to evaluate the cytotoxics effects of oxysterols on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Methods: Human RPE cells (ARPE–19) were cultured and treated by 7–ketocholesterol (7–keto), 7–betahydroxycholesterol (7–beta) and 25–hydroxycholesterol (25–OH). ARPE–19 cells viability was determined with MTT ana…
Obesity and cardiovascular risk: a call for action from the European Society of Hypertension Working Group of Obesity, Diabetes and the High-risk Pat…
2018
: Obesity predisposes for atrial fibrillation, heart failure, sudden cardiac death, renal disease and ischemic stroke, which are the main causes of cardiovascular hospitalization and mortality. As obesity and the cardiovascular effects on the vessels and the heart start early in life, even from childhood, it is important for health policies to prevent obesity very early before the disease manifestation emerge. Key roles in the prevention are strategies to increase physical exercise, reduce body weight and to prevent or treat hypertension, lipids disorders and diabetes earlier and efficiently to prevent cardiovascular complications.