Search results for "declaration"
showing 10 items of 115 documents
Higher Education in Management: The Case of Spain
2017
The history of the management education system in Spain can be described by breaking it down into four periods: (1) the emergence of the management education system, (2) the creation of formal university studies and foundation of management/economics faculties (under pre-democratic laws), (3) the structuration and universalization of the management education system (under democratic laws) and (4) the current management education system (after the implementation of the European higher education reform, or Bologna declaration). (1) Emergence of the management education system (up to 1943): The university education system in Spain is one of the oldest in Europe. The University of Salamanca was…
The Changing Role of the State in French Higher Education: From Curriculum Control to Programme Accreditation
2004
The French higher education system is currently undergoing deep changes in relation to degree structure and accreditation process. In the wake of the Bologna declaration, new state regulations have been introduced since 2000 that aimed at building a degree structure that is common to all higher education institutions. As their implementation will be phased in step by step until 2006, a study of the accreditation processes in operation in France must present both past and future schemes.
Project-Based Learning and Competence Assessment in Translation Training
2016
This proverb condenses the philosophical underpinnings for the Declaration of Bologna and the transformation of the methodological scenario in higher education. The process of harmonisation and convergence of educational curricula in the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) has involved undertaking far-reaching transformations in university systems at all levels. This also entails new implications and challenges for teachers and students: changes in learning objectives and teaching methodologies, the use of ICTs and new ways of gaining access to knowledge and communication, changes in evaluation systems and organisation of resources, etc.
Collegial or Managerial? Academics' Conceptions of Quality in English and Finnish Universities
2009
Two specific forms of quality are identified: Type I, which has a managerial focus and stresses fitness for purpose and accountability, and Type II, which is collegial and concerned with enhancement. Through an analysis of the literature on quality in higher education and small-scale empirical research with a sample of academic staff, this article compares conceptions of quality assurance in the English and Finnish higher education systems. The authors highlight the similarities and differences in the two countries and possible reasons for them. Over time the blend of managerial and collegial approaches to quality has come to favour the former but much more so in England than in Finland, wh…
The Expansion of English-medium Instruction in the Nordic Countries.Can Top-Down University Language Polices Encourage Bottom-up Disciplinary Literac…
2015
Recently, in the wake of the Bologna Declaration and similar internationalinitiatives, there has been a rapid increase in the number of university courses and programmestaught through the medium of English. Surveys have consistently shown theNordic countries to be at the forefront of this trend towards English-medium instruction(EMI). In this paper, we discuss the introduction of EMI in four Nordic countries (Denmark,Finland, Norway and Sweden). We present the educational setting and the EMIdebate in each of these countries and summarize relevant research findings. We then makesome tentative suggestions for the introduction of EMI in higher education in othercountries. In particular, we are…
Is large-scale rapid CoV-2 testing a substitute for lockdowns?
2021
Background Various forms of contact restrictions have been adopted in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. Around February 2021, rapid testing appeared as a new policy instrument. Some claim it may serve as a substitute for contact restrictions. We study the strength of this argument by evaluating the effects of a unique policy experiment: In March and April 2021, the city of Tübingen set up a testing scheme while relaxing contact restrictions. Methods We compare case rates in Tübingen county to an appropriately identified control unit. We employ the synthetic control method. We base interpretations of our findings on an extended SEIR model. Findings The experiment led to an increase in the …
Disputas políticas en un territorio de frontera. La incorporación de la Provincia Oriental a la monarquía bragantina
2021
El presente trabajo se centra en analizar los años de 1820-1823 en la ciudad de Montevideo. La capital de la Provincia Oriental fue ocupada en 1817 por las tropas portuguesas y en 1821 formalizó —mediante un Congreso Extraordinario— la incorporación del territorio a la monarquía portuguesa de los Braganza. Es por ello que, cuando triunfó la segunda revolución liberal en España en 1820 y la primera portuguesa, en el mes de agosto de ese mismo año, la provincia, convertida en la Cisplatina, se adhirió al movimiento constitucional portugués. A lo largo de estas páginas veremos cómo fue el proceso de incorporación del territorio a la monarquía bragantina, y cómo se vivió en Montevideo la disput…
Resident-Initiated Smoking Ban Surveillance: Text Mining of Shanghai Public Service Hotline Data
2019
Background: On March 1st, 2017, the Amendment of Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Smoking Control in Public Places was formalized in Shanghai. Since then, this comprehensive smoke-free law prohibits smoking in indoor public places, workplaces, and public transport. To reinforce this law, the "12345 hotline" platform was introduced as an avenue for residents to report smoking violations. Methods: Throughout March 2017, the hotline back-end server had logged a total of 6,937 telephone text records. All records were collected, and text data were analyzed by natural language processing. The analysis of text data has gone through several steps, namely data masking, missing data deletion, …
Contextual Metadata for Document Databases
2005
Metadata has always been an important means to support accessibility of information in document collections. Metadata can be, for example, bibliographic data manually created for each document at the time of document storage. The indexes created by Web search engines serve as metadata about the content of Web documents. In the semantic Web solutions, ontologies are used to store semantic metadata (Berners-Lee et al., 2001). Attaching a common ontology to a set of heterogeneous document databases may be used to support data integration. Creation of the common ontology requires profound understanding of the concepts used in the databases. It is a demanding task, especially in cases where the …
Some Remarks on the Relationship between Secession and General International Law in the Light of the ICJ’s Kosovo Advisory Opinion
2012
How is it possible to regard something that is not prohibited, as illegal? What are the resulting consequences of fact and law? This chapter suggests that a reasonable way to reconcile these two assertions is to admit that they refer to two profiles of the phenomenon in question that must be kept separate. Independence is not prohibited, but not all means to reach it are allowed under general international law. To render this concept, the author submits the idea of a normative "due process" seen as a set of rules giving no legal entitlement to statehood nor determining the creation of a State, but forming a normative course through which factual processes should be legally channelled. The c…