Search results for "detector"

showing 10 items of 3491 documents

A Convolutional Neural Network based Cascade Reconstruction for the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

2021

Continued improvements on existing reconstruction methods are vital to the success of high-energy physics experiments, such as the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. In IceCube, further challenges arise as the detector is situated at the geographic South Pole where computational resources are limited. However, to perform real-time analyses and to issue alerts to telescopes around the world, powerful and fast reconstruction methods are desired. Deep neural networks can be extremely powerful, and their usage is computationally inexpensive once the networks are trained. These characteristics make a deep learning-based approach an excellent candidate for the application in IceCube. A reconstruction …

FOS: Computer and information sciencesComputer Science - Machine LearningAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenacs.LGData analysisFOS: Physical sciencesFitting methods01 natural sciencesConvolutional neural networkCalibration; Cluster finding; Data analysis; Fitting methods; Neutrino detectors; Pattern recognitionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentIceCube Neutrino ObservatoryMachine Learning (cs.LG)High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Pattern recognition0103 physical sciencesNeutrino detectors010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationMathematical Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryhep-exDeep learningCluster findingDetectorNeutrino detectorComputer engineeringOrders of magnitude (time)13. Climate actionCascadeCalibrationPattern recognition (psychology)Artificial intelligencebusiness
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Unified System for Processing Real and Simulated Data in the ATLAS Experiment

2015

The physics goals of the next Large Hadron Collider run include high precision tests of the Standard Model and searches for new physics. These goals require detailed comparison of data with computational models simulating the expected data behavior. To highlight the role which modeling and simulation plays in future scientific discovery, we report on use cases and experience with a unified system built to process both real and simulated data of growing volume and variety.

FOS: Computer and information sciencesJ.2Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors68T42FOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)High Energy Physics - ExperimentComputing and ComputersC.1.4H.3.4High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Computer Science - Distributed Parallel and Cluster ComputingI.6.7Distributed Parallel and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)C.1.4; H.3.4; I.6.7; J.2
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Features of the Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Rays above 2.5×10$^{18}$ eV Using the Pierre Auger Observatory

2020

We report a measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays above $2.5{\times} 10^{18}$ eV based on $215,030$ events. New results are presented: at about $1.3{\times} 10^{19}$ eV, the spectral index changes from $2.51 \pm 0.03 \textrm{ (stat.)} \pm 0.05 \textrm{ (sys.)}$ to $3.05 \pm 0.05 \textrm{ (stat.)}\pm 0.10\textrm{ (sys.)}$, evolving to $5.1\pm0.3\textrm{ (stat.)} \pm 0.1\textrm{ (sys.)}$ beyond $5{\times} 10^{19}$ eV, while no significant dependence of spectral features on the declination is seen in the accessible range. These features of the spectrum can be reproduced in models with energy-dependent mass composition. The energy density in cosmic rays above $5{\times} 10^{18}$ eV …

FOS: Physical sciencespower spectrumGravitation and Astrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciences530energy dependencemass spectrumcosmic ray; astroparticle detectors; cosmic ray spectracosmic ray spectraastroparticle detectors5/30103 physical sciencesddc:530energy: densityUHE Cosmic Rays010303 astronomy & astrophysicscosmic rayHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Ultra-high energy cosmic rays energy spectrum astrophysical implications Cherenkov detectorscosmic radiation: energy spectrum010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsAugerobservatoryEnergy SpectrumspectralAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]energy spectrum [cosmic radiation]density [energy]
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Application of Thin ZnO ALD Layers in Fiber-Optic Fabry-Pérot Sensing Interferometers

2016

International audience; In this paper we investigated the response of a fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot sensing interferometer with thin ZnO layers deposited on the end faces of the optical fibers forming the cavity. Standard telecommunication single-mode optical fiber (SMF-28) segments were used with the thin ZnO layers deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). Measurements were performed with the interferometer illuminated by two broadband sources operating at 1300 nm and 1550 nm. Reflected interference signal was acquired by an optical spectrum analyzer while the length of the air cavity was varied. Thickness of the ZnO layers used in the experiments was 50 nm, 100 nm, and 200 nm. Uncoated SMF…

Fabry-Pérot interferometerOptical fiberMaterials scienceinterferenceZnO layer02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technologyInterference (wave propagation)01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticleAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionAtomic layer depositionOpticslawAstronomical interferometerlcsh:TP1-1185Fiber[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Electrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentation[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industry010401 analytical chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesInterferometryAtomic Layer DepositionFabry-Pérot interferometer; Atomic Layer Deposition; ZnO layer; interference0210 nano-technologybusinessRefractive indexFabry–Pérot interferometer
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Imaging Evaluation of Facial Complex Strut Fractures

2012

High-resolution multidetector computed tomography with multiplanar reformations and 3-D postprocessing often provides the detail necessary for preoperative assessment of facial injuries. Maxillofacial fractures are classified in the following manner: upper face fractures, midface fractures (the most frequent), Le Fort fractures, and lower face or mandible fractures. The facial skeleton is a framework of vertical and horizontal buttresses that ensures a better resistance to trauma, but serves also as reference for maxillofacial surgery to restore facial size and shape. Radiologists should know how to diagnose and report the main types of facial fracture.

Facial BoneSkull Fracturesbusiness.industryMandibleDentistryLower faceFacial BonesRadiographic Image Enhancementmedicine.anatomical_structureImaging Three-DimensionalMultidetector computed tomographymedicineHumansFacial skeletonRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingbusinessHuman
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CESAR: Cryogenic Electronics for Space Applications

2013

Ultra-low temperature sensors provide unprecedented performances in X-ray and far infrared astronomy by taking advantage of physical properties of matter close to absolute zero. CESAR is an FP7 funded project started in December 2010, that gathers six European laboratories around the development of high performances cryogenic electronics. The goal of the project is to provide far-IR, X-ray and magnetic sensors with signal-processing capabilities at the heart of the detectors. We present the major steps that constitute the CESAR work, and the main results achieved so far.

Far-infrared bolometersHEMTSNanotechnologyFar-infrared astronomySpace (mathematics)01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingNOISE03 medical and health sciencesCryogenic electronics0302 clinical medicineDevelopment (topology)Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesHigh impedance detectorsGeneral Materials ScienceElectronics4.2 KVOLTAGEAerospace engineering010302 applied physicsPhysicsbusiness.industryDetectorX-ray microcalorimetersCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCryogenic electronics · High impedance detectors · X-ray microcalorimeters · Far-infrared bolometers1 KHZ[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]business
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Simultaneous measurement of the muon neutrino charged-current cross section on oxygen and carbon without pions in the final state at T2K

2020

Authors: K. Abe,56 N. Akhlaq,45 R. Akutsu,57 A. Ali,32 C. Alt,11 C. Andreopoulos,54,34 L. Anthony,21 M. Antonova,19 S. Aoki,31 A. Ariga,2 T. Arihara,59 Y. Asada,69 Y. Ashida,32 E. T. Atkin,21 Y. Awataguchi,59 S. Ban,32 M. Barbi,46 G. J. Barker,66 G. Barr,42 D. Barrow,42 M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak,15 A. Beloshapkin,26 F. Bench,34 V. Berardi,22 L. Berns,58 S. Bhadra,70 S. Bienstock,53 S. Bolognesi,6 T. Bonus,68 B. Bourguille,18 S. B. Boyd,66 A. Bravar,13 D. Bravo Berguño,1 C. Bronner,56 S. Bron,13 A. Bubak,51 M. Buizza Avanzini ,10 T. Campbell,7 S. Cao,16 S. L. Cartwright,50 M. G. Catanesi,22 A. Cervera,19 D. Cherdack,17 N. Chikuma,55 G. Christodoulou,12 M. Cicerchia,24,† J. Coleman,34 G. Collazu…

Fermi gasPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsMonte Carlo methodmeasured [channel cross section]KAMIOKANDEmuon neutrino01 natural sciencesPhysics Particles & FieldsHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)secondary beam [neutrino/mu][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Particle Physics ExperimentsMuon neutrinoQDCharged currentQCPhysicsneutrino: energy spectrumJ-PARC LabPhysicsinteraction [neutrino nucleus]T2K experimentoscillation [neutrino]Monte Carlo [numerical calculations]suppressionNuclear & Particles PhysicskinematicsPhysical Sciences0202 Atomic Molecular Nuclear Particle and Plasma PhysicsGround statenumerical calculations: Monte Carlochannel cross section: measuredParticle Physics - Experiment530 PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy & Astrophysics530Nuclear physicsPionnear detector0103 physical sciencessimultaneous measurement0201 Astronomical and Space SciencesSCATTERINGddc:530010306 general physicsNeutrino oscillation0206 Quantum Physicscross section: charged currentMuonScience & Technologynucleus: ground stateNUCLEI010308 nuclear & particles physicsnucleus: targethep-excarbonenergy spectrum [neutrino]neutrino nucleus: interactionground state [nucleus]neutrino/mu: secondary beamtarget [nucleus]random phase approximationcharged current [cross section]High Energy Physics::Experimentneutrino: oscillationoxygenexperimental resultsPhysical Review D
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Characterization of nuclear effects in muon-neutrino scattering on hydrocarbon with a measurement of final-state kinematics and correlations in charg…

2018

This paper reports measurements of final-state proton multiplicity, muon and proton kinematics, and their correlations in charged-current pionless neutrino interactions, measured by the T2K ND280 near detector in its plastic scintillator (C$_8$H$_8$) target. The data were taken between years 2010 and 2013, corresponding to approximately 6$\times10^{20}$ protons on target. Thanks to their exploration of the proton kinematics and of kinematic imbalances between the proton and muon kinematics, the results offer a novel probe of the nuclear-medium effects most pertinent to the (sub-)GeV neutrino-nucleus interactions that are used in accelerator-based long-baseline neutrino oscillation measureme…

Fermi gasProtoninteraction: modelPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsKinematicsKAMIOKANDE7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesPhysics Particles & Fieldscharged currentHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Particle Physics ExperimentsMuon neutrinoneutrino oscillationAXISNuclear ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment; High Energy Physics - Experiment; Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Charged currentneutrino: interactionPhysicsCHALLENGESPhysicsJ-PARC Labp: final state3. Good healthtransversekinematicsPhysical SciencesNeutrinospectral representationFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2Astronomy & AstrophysicsREGIONNuclear physicsphase spacenear detectormuon0103 physical sciencesEXCITATIONddc:530010306 general physicsNeutrino oscillationDETECTORnuclear matter effectscintillation counterp: multiplicityMuonScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicshep-exnucleusscatteringnuclear matter: effectneutrino nucleus: interactionfinal-state interactionneutrino/mu: secondary beamPhase spacecorrelationPhysics::Accelerator Physicsneutrino nucleus interactionneutrino: oscillationexperimental results
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Future use of silicon photomultipliers for Kaos at MAMI and P¯ANDA at FAIR

2009

A characterisation of scintillating fibres with silicon photomultiplier read-out was performed in view of their possible application in fibre tracking detector systems. Such a concept is being considered for the Kaos spectrometer at the Mainz Microtron MAMI and as a time-of-flight start detector for the hypernuclear physics programme at the PANDA experiment of the FAIR project. Results on particle detection effciency and time resolution are discussed. In summary, the silicon devices are very suitable for the detection of the low light yield from scintillating fibres insofar a trigger scheme is found to cope with the noise rate characteristics.

Fibre trackingPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsSiliconSpectrometerPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementTime resolutionInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)OpticsSilicon photomultiplierchemistryNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)KAOSNuclear ExperimentbusinessNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationMicrotronNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Testing the X-IFU calibration requirements: an example for quantum efficiency and energy resolution

2018

With its array of 3840 Transition Edge Sensors (TESs) operated at 90 mK, the X-Ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) on board the ESA L2 mission Athena will provide spatially resolved high-resolution spectroscopy (2.5 eV FWHM up to 7 keV) over the 0.2 to 12 keV bandpass. The in-flight performance of the X-IFU will be strongly affected by the calibration of the instrument. Uncertainties in the knowledge of the overall system, from the filter transmission to the energy scale, may introduce systematic errors in the data, which could potentially compromise science objectives - notably those involving line characterisation e.g. turbulence velocity measurements - if not properly accounted for. Defining…

Field (physics)FOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter Physic01 natural sciences7. Clean energyX-raySettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaBand-pass filter0103 physical sciencesCalibrationAthenaElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicsX-IFU[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionFilter (signal processing)Computational physicsApplied MathematicPerformance verificationTransmission (telecommunications)CalibrationQuantum efficiencyAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsEnergy (signal processing)
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