Search results for "duodenum"

Small bowel motility: relationship between smooth muscle contraction and electroenterogram signal.

2000

A study is made to correlate the electrical and mechanical activity of the smooth muscle of the small bowel. Bioelectrical signal recording from the intestinal serosa (electroenterogram) comprises a slow wave (SW) and spike burst (SB), though only the latter reflects intestinal pressure. The electroenterogram and smooth muscle pressure are simultaneously recorded in the canine small bowel. Spectral and time series analysis of the electroenterogram are performed to establish those electrical parameters that best reflect intestinal pressure. The results reveal an underlying correlation between the estimated parameters of electrical activity and smooth muscle pressure. In addition, parameters …

Essential oil of Sicilian Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl. and its major component, β−ocimen, affect contractility in rat small and large intestine

2023

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl is an Apiaceae plant, widely used in traditional medicine. Recently, chemical composition and biological activities of its essential oil (Prangroil) have been reported, but there are no studies on possible effects on intestinal contractility. Aims of the study: We investigated the effects of essential oil Sicilian Prangoil on the contractility of rat small (duodenum) and large (colon) intestine and the related action mechanism. Materials and methods: Responses to Prangoil and to its major component β-ocimen in intestinal segments were assessed in vitro as changes in isometric tension. Results: Prangoil, induced in duodenum, depend…

P1 and P2 receptors in the rat duodenal smooth muscle

1989

Der Antagonismus verschiedener Sympatholytica gegen�ber dem inhibitorischen Adrenalin- oder Noradrenalineffekt am elektrisch gereizten Meerschweinche…

1958

Adrenaline and noradrenaline were found to depress the contractions of the electrically stimulated isolated ileum of the guinea-pig; this action was related to the dose. In these experiments smaller amounts of adrenaline were required than those necessary for the depression of the spontaneous movements of the isolated rabbit duodenum.

Comparison of roxatidine and ranitidine in the treatment of refractory duodenal ulcer

1994

Abstract Fourteen patients with duodenal ulcer not healed after treatment with ranitidine at the standard dosage of 300 mg/day for 12 weeks were enrolled in the study. Eight patients were treated with roxatidine acetate, 150 mg/day, for 8 weeks (group A); six patients received treatment with ranitidine, 600 mg/day, for 8 weeks (group B). Efficacy of treatment was evaluated on the basis of reduction of ulcer pain, lowering of maximal acid output (MAO) levels, and cicatrization of ulcer lesion. The patients treated with roxatidine showed a significant reduction in MAO levels after 4 weeks, whereas the patients treated with ranitidine showed a significant reduction in MAO levels after 8 weeks.…

Effects ofThymus species extracts on rat duodenum isolated smooth muscle contraction

1989

The diethylether, ethylacetate and butanolic extracts from Thymus webbianus and Thymus leptophyllus were tested for spasmolytic activity. Pre-incubation of the isolated rat duodenum with these extracts for 10 min produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of acetylcholine-induced contractions. This effect was at least ten times greater with the apolar extracts than with the polar extracts.

Treatment of patients with duodenal ulcer positive for helicobacter pylori infection: ranitidine or omeprazole associated with colloidal bismuth subc…

1996

Abstract This study evaluated treatment of patients affected with duodenal ulcer positive for Helicobacter pylori . We compared patients treated with ranitidine plus amoxicillin plus colloidal bismuth subcitrate (n = 20) with patients treated with omeprazole plus amoxicillin plus colloidal bismuth subcitrate (n = 20) with regard to: (1) healing of duodenal ulcer; (2) eradication of H pylori ; and (3) recurrence of ulcer. Baseline and follow-up for 24 months were performed through clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic tests. The ulcer healing rate was 95% in the ranitidine group and 100% in the omeprazole group; the H pylori eradication rate was 90% and 95%, respectively. During follow-up, on…

Gluten Induces Subtle Histological Changes in Duodenal Mucosa of Patients with Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity : A Multicentre Study

2022

Background: Histological changes induced by gluten in the duodenal mucosa of patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) are poorly defined. \ud \ud \ud \ud Objectives: To evaluate the structural and inflammatory features of NCGS compared to controls and coeliac disease (CeD) with milder enteropathy (Marsh I-II). \ud \ud \ud \ud Methods: Well-oriented biopsies of 262 control cases with normal gastroscopy and histologic findings, 261 CeD, and 175 NCGS biopsies from 9 contributing countries were examined. Villus height (VH, in μm), crypt depth (CrD, in μm), villus-to-crypt ratios (VCR), IELs (intraepithelial lymphocytes/100 enterocytes), and other relevant histological, serologic, and…

Experimental Studies on the Influence of Surfactants on Intestinal Absorption of Drugs Cefadroxil as model drug and sodium taurocholate as natural mo…

2011

The influence of the natural bile acid surfactant sodium taurocholate (CAS 81-24-3) on colic and duodenal (i.e. the proximal third of the small intestine) absorption of cefadroxil (CAS 50370-12-2) was studied using the in situ rat gut technique, and compared with the effect of sodium lauryl sulfate (CAS 151-21-3), the most widely used synthetic anionic surfactant. Previously, the stability, compatibility, and micelle-solubilization characteristics of taurocholate were assessed in order to correct, when necessary, the absorption results. White the passive absorption rate constants (kf, h-1) determined in colon in the presence of increasing lauryl sulfate concentrations showed an asymptotic v…

Peripheral motor action of glucagon-like peptide-1 through enteric neuronal receptors.

2010

Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a proglucagon-derived peptide expressed in the enteroendocrine-L cells of small and large intestine and released in response to meal ingestion. Glucagon-like peptide-1 exerts inhibitory effects on gastrointestinal motility through vagal afferents and central nervous mechanisms; however, no data is available about a direct influence on the gastrointestinal wall. Our aim was to investigate the effects of GLP-1 on the spontaneous and evoked mechanical activity of mouse duodenum and colon and to identify the presence and distribution of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in the muscle coat. Methods Organ bath recording technique and immunohistochemistry were …