Search results for "dynamiikka"

Tracking Polariton Relaxation with Multiscale Molecular Dynamics Simulations

2019

When photoactive molecules interact strongly with confined light modes in optical cavities, new hybrid light–matter states form. They are known as polaritons and correspond to coherent superpositions of excitations of the molecules and of the cavity photon. The polariton energies and thus potential energy surfaces are changed with respect to the bare molecules, such that polariton formation is considered a promising paradigm for controlling photochemical reactions. To effectively manipulate photochemistry with confined light, the molecules need to remain in the polaritonic state long enough for the reaction on the modified potential energy surface to take place. To understand what determine…

Aerodynamics of an isolated ski jumping ski

2019

A single isolated ski was suspended from a six-component wind tunnel balance and three angles, the angle of attack, the yaw angle and the edge angle were adjustable during the test. Increasing yaw angle from 0 to 15° increased the lift coefficient CL from 0.42 to 0.90 at edge angle 0° and from 0.70 to 0.87 at edge angle 10°, respectively. Increasing yaw angle also increased the sensitivity of the ski to changes in edge angle, i.e., increasing the edge angle (20°–45°) decreased the CL and the ratio $$C_{L}^{2}/{C_D}$$ with large yaw angles. However, to maximize the lift-to-drag ratio with a typical angle of attack of 30° in ski jumping, it may be reasonable to have an edge angle of 5°–10° on…

Multi-scale dynamics simulations of molecular polaritons: The effect of multiple cavity modes on polariton relaxation

2021

It is included two versions of this item: the Accepted Version which is already Open Access and the Published Version which is under an embargo period till 2022-03-09.

Daphnia females adjust sex allocation in response to current sex ratio and density

2018

Cyclical parthenogenesis presents an interesting challenge for the study of sex allocation, as individuals’ allocation decisions involve both the choice between sexual and asexual reproduction, and the choice between sons and daughters. Male production is therefore expected to depend on ecological and evolutionary drivers of overall investment in sex, and those influencing male reproductive value during sexual periods. We manipulated experimental populations, and made repeated observations of natural populations over their growing season, to disentangle effects of population density and the timing of sex from effects of adult sex ratio on sex allocation in cyclically parthenogenetic Daphnia…

Effects of Aerodynamic Drag and Drafting on Propulsive Force and Oxygen Consumption in Double Poling Cross-country Skiing

2022

Purpose To investigate the effects of aerodynamic drag and drafting on propulsive force (FPROP), drag area (CDA), oxygen cost (V˙O2), metabolic rate (E˙) and heart rate (HR) during roller skiing on a treadmill in a wind tunnel using the double poling technique. A secondary aim was to investigate the effects of wind versus no-wind test conditions on the same physiological parameters. Methods 10 subjects of each gender participated in the experiments. One pair of skiers of the same gender roller skied simultaneously in line with the air flow; the distance between the skiers was ~2.05 m. Each pair was tested as follows: I) with wind, leading; II) with wind, drafting; III) without wind. The tre…

Kävelyn biomekaniikka MBT-kengällä, tavallisella kengällä ja paljain jaloin hiekalla

2008

Modulation of Structural Heterogeneity Controls Phytochrome Photoswitching

2019

Phytochromes sense red/far-red light and control many biological processes in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Although crystal structures of dark and light adapted states have been determined, the molecular mechanisms underlying photoactivation remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that the conserved tongue region of the PHY domain of a 57kDa photosensory module of Deinococcus radiodurans phytochrome, changes from a structurally heterogeneous dark state to an ordered light activated state. The results were obtained in solution by utilizing a laser-triggered activation approach detected on the atomic level with high-resolution protein NMR spectroscopy. The data suggest that photosignaling of phy…

Helicates with Ether-Substituted Catechol Esters as Ligands

2020

European journal of organic chemistry 2020(32), 5161-5172 (2020). doi:10.1002/ejoc.202000843

Biological interactions in the boreal ecosystem under climate change : are the vole and predator cycles disappearing?

2014

Exclusive production of light vector mesons at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture

2022

Exclusive production of light vector mesons in deep inelastic scattering is calculated at next-to-leading order in the dipole picture in the limit of high photon virtuality. The resulting expression is free of any divergences and suitable for numerical evaluations. The higher-order corrections are found to be numerically important, but they can be mostly captured by the nonperturbative fit parameters describing the initial condition for the small-$x$ evolution of the dipole scattering amplitude. The vector meson production cross section is shown to depend only weakly on the meson distribution amplitude and the factorization scale. We also present phenomenological comparisons of our result t…