Search results for "dysfunction"

Nitroglycerin-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Tolerance Involve Adverse Phosphorylation and S -Glutathionylation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synt…

2011

Objective— Continuous administration of nitroglycerin (GTN) causes tolerance and endothelial dysfunction by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from various enzymatic sources, such as mitochondria, NADPH oxidase, and an uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In the present study, we tested the effects of type 1 angiotensin (AT 1 )-receptor blockade with telmisartan on GTN-induced endothelial dysfunction in particular on eNOS phosphorylation and S -glutathionylation sites and the eNOS cofactor synthesizing enzyme GTP–cyclohydrolase I. Methods and Results— Wistar rats were treated with telmisartan (2.7 or 8 mg/kg per day PO for 10 days) and with GTN (50 mg/kg per d…

Implication of eNOS Uncoupling in Cardiovascular Disease

2017

Under physiological conditions, nitric oxide (NO) is produced in the vasculature mainly by the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Endothelial NO relaxes blood vessels, inhibits platelet activity, and protects against atherosclerosis. Under pathological conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, eNOS may become uncoupled. Uncoupled eNOS generates superoxide at the expense of NO and contributes substantially to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Major mechanisms of eNOS uncoupling include deficiency of the eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin, deficiency of the eNOS substrate L-arginine, and eNOS S-glutathionylation. Reversal of eNOS uncoupling may rep…

Sexual Deviation and Paraphilias

2006

Smoking and Oxidative Stress: Vascular Damage

2007

Sytuacja prawna dziecka niepełnosprawnego w rodzinie dysfunkcyjnej

2019

Choroidal thickness is associated with renal hemodynamics in essential hypertension

2020

The choroid is the most vascularized structure of the eye and plays a central role in the development of the retinal vascular changes that occur in arterial hypertension. Changes of choroidal thickness (ChT) assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology could reflect the vascular complications of hypertension. Also, intrarenal hemodynamic damage, associated with endothelial dysfunction, demonstrated to be a good indicator of systemic morphofunctional arterial impairment. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between ChT and renal hemodynamics in subjects with essential hypertension. Routine laboratory tests, clinical history, and physical examination, including blo…

Cognitive Deficits and Associated ERP N400 Abnormalities in FXTAS With Parkinsonism

2018

Objective: To examine cognitive deficits and associated brain activity in fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) patients with parkinsonism (FXTp+), in relation to FXTAS patients without parkinsonism (FXTp-), and normal elderly controls (NC). Methods: Retrospective reviews were performed in 65 FXTAS patients who participated in the event-related brain potential (ERP) study and also had either a videotaped neurological examination or a neurological examination for extrapyramidal signs. Parkinsonism was defined as having bradykinesia with at least one of the following: rest tremor, postural instability, hypermyotonia, or rigidity. Eleven FXTp+ patients were identified and compare…

Polygenic association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder liability and cognitive impairments.

2022

AbstractBackgroundA recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 12 independent loci significantly associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Polygenic risk scores (PRS), derived from the GWAS, can be used to assess genetic overlap between ADHD and other traits. Using ADHD samples from several international sites, we derived PRS for ADHD from the recent GWAS to test whether genetic variants that contribute to ADHD also influence two cognitive functions that show strong association with ADHD: attention regulation and response inhibition, captured by reaction time variability (RTV) and commission errors (CE).MethodsThe discovery GWAS included 19 099 ADHD cases …

Physical activity and exercise in mild cognitive impairment and dementia::an umbrella review of intervention and observational studies

2020

Objectives:\ud \ud The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the effect of physical activity/exercise on improving cognitive and noncognitive outcomes in people with MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and dementia.\ud \ud Design:\ud \ud Umbrella review of systematic reviews (SR), with or without meta-analyses (MAs), of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies.\ud \ud Settings and Participants:\ud \ud People with MCI or dementia, confirmed through validated assessment measures. Any form of physical activity/exercise was included. As controls, we included participants not following any prespecified physical activity/exercise intervention or following the same standard…

Characteristics of Bipolar Patients with Cognitive Impairment of Suspected Neurodegenerative Origin: A Multicenter Cohort

2021

Bipolar disorder is associated with an increased risk of dementia with aging. Little is known regarding this association, limiting appropriate diagnosis and management. We aimed to describe the characteristics of bipolar patients with late cognitive impairment for whom the hypothesis of an underlying neurodegenerative disease had been raised. We performed a retrospective multicenter study, recruiting bipolar patients over 50 years old from five French tertiary memory centers who had undergone cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker assessment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Clinical, neuropsychological, and paraclinical characteristics were analyzed and 78 patients were included. The mean age at …