Search results for "ecological"
showing 10 items of 1263 documents
Genome architecture enables local adaptation of Atlantic cod despite high connectivity
2017
Adaptation to local conditions is a fundamental process in evolution; however, mechanisms maintaining local adaptation despite high gene flow are still poorly understood. Marine ecosystems provide a wide array of diverse habitats that frequently promote ecological adaptation even in species characterized by strong levels of gene flow. As one example, populations of the marine fish Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) are highly connected due to immense dispersal capabilities but nevertheless show local adaptation in several key traits. By combining population genomic analyses based on 12K single-nucleotide polymorphisms with larval dispersal patterns inferred using a biophysical ocean model, we show…
Oligo-Miocene lacustrine microbial and metazoan buildups from the Limagne Basin (French Massif Central)
2018
The Limagne Basin (French Massif Central) is an extensive continental lacustrine system accommodating microbial and metazoan buildups from Chattian to Aquitanian age. A description of these buildups and their associated biotic components in Grand Gandaillat and Crechy quarries provides insights into their spatio-temporal distribution patterns. Flats, cauliflowers, domes, cones and coalescent columnar morphologies have been identified with a main laminated mesofabric and laminated, columnar, filamentous and caddisfly-coated microfabrics. Two low-gradient margin models emerged based on the changes in the distribution, morphology and size of the microbial and metazoan-rich deposits through tim…
The Synergistic Impacts of Anthropogenic Stressors and COVID-19 on Aquaculture: A Current Global Perspective
2021
13 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables.-- This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License
A Participatory Agrobiodiversity Conservation Approach in the Oases: Community Actions for the Promotion of Sustainable Development in Fragile Areas
2021
Rural development policies today include significant directions towards ecological transition and sustainability. Biodiversity plays a fundamental role, especially in fragile environments. The North African oases, for example, are socio-ecological structures with delicate balances in terms of natural resources, where the activation of participatory conservation approaches appears today to be very useful, aiming at long-lasting results. This type of approach was applied in the oasis of El Hamma, in Tunisia. The socio-ecological analysis was carried out through semi-structured interviews with different stakeholders of the oasis. The results were used to activate focus groups and to identify, …
The past distribution of Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei: results of a multidisciplinary study
2019
The present study provides a critical review of the available historical data on the distribution of Abies nebrodensis, a fir tree endemic to Sicily. The only (somewhat ambiguous) references to its occurrence on Mount Etna date back to the 1st century bc and refer back to the 3rd century bc. Although the botanical and forestry literature and the very few surviving herbarium specimens do not prove that A. nebrodensis grew outside the Madonie mountain range, several indications suggest its past occurrence on other Sicilian mountain ranges such as the Erei, Nebrodi, and probably also Sicani mountains. The results of the most recent pollen investigations (still ongoing) point to the disappearan…
Sr isotope variations in the Upper Triassic succession at Pizzo Mondello, Sicily: Constraints on the timing of the Cimmerian Orogeny
2018
Abstract The Late Triassic Cimmerian Orogeny was a result of the final closure of the Palaeotethys Ocean and the accretion of Gondwana-derived (Cimmerian) continents to southern Eurasia. Determining the timing of the Cimmerian Orogeny is crucial to our understanding of the large-scale climate changes driven by the uplift of the Cimmerian Mountains. Here we present stratigraphic variations in 87Sr/86Sr values of Upper Triassic pelagic limestone from the Pizzo Mondello section, Sicily, Italy, that constrain the timing of uplift of the Cimmerian Mountains. The 87Sr/86Sr values remain relatively constant in the lower part of the section, decreasing slightly in the Tuvalian (upper Carnian) and L…
Les Gregoryceras (Ammonitina) de l'Oxfordien moyen terminal et supérieur téthysien : révision systématique, biostratigraphie et évolution.
2009
43 pages; Les Gregoryceras Spath, 1924 (Ammonitina, Peltoceratina) de la fin de l'Oxfordien moyen (sous-zone à Rotoides) et de la base de l'Oxfordien supérieur (zone à Bifurcatus) sont révisés. Les coupes ayant fourni la plupart des spécimens de ce travail (Espagne et Maghreb) sont décrites et datées sur la base de comparaisons fauniques entre les domaines téthysien et subtéthysien. Le meilleur outil pour ces corrélations est la présence du genre Gregoryceras. La succession des espèces de Gregoryceras est identique pour les deux domaines suscités, ce qui permet de compléter l'échelle biostratigraphique proposée antérieurement et parallèle à la zonation standard. Les espèces reconnues et red…
Letter to the editor regarding the article “Taking advantage of seagrass recovery potential to develop novel and effective meadow rehabilitation meth…
2020
Alagna et al. (2019) suggest new transplantation methods for Posidonia oceanica (Linnaeus) Delile, inspired by its natural recovery process after disturbance due to dredging operations for gas-pipelines. They observe that P. oceanica vegetative fragments naturally settled only on loose calcareous stones deployed to fill the trenches of the gas-pipeline. No recovery was noted on dead matte, sand and large calcarenitic boulders. Following a new pilot restoration project currently ongoing in the same area, we demonstrate that natural recovery also occurs on dead matte. After examining other alternative transplantation methods for P. oceanica, the Authors suggest using their "habitat enhancemen…
Consistent response of bird populations to climate change on two continents
2016
Global climate change is a major threat to biodiversity. Large-scale analyses have generally focused on the impacts of climate change on the geographic ranges of species, and on phenology, the timing of ecological phenomena. Here, we use long-term monitoring of the abundance of breeding birds across Europe and the USA to produce, for both regions, composite population indices for two groups of species: those for which climate suitability has been either improving or declining since 1980. The ratio of these composite indices, the Climate Impact Indicator (CII), reflects the divergent fates of species favored or disadvantaged by climate change. The trend in CII is positive and similar in the …
Rising temperature modulates pH niches of fen species
2021
Rising temperatures may endanger fragile ecosystems because their character and key species show different habitat affinities under different climates. This assumption has only been tested in limited geographical scales. In fens, one of the most endangered ecosystems in Europe, broader pH niches have been reported from cold areas and are expected for colder past periods. We used the largest European-scale vegetation database from fens to test the hypothesis that pH interacts with macroclimate temperature in forming realized niches of fen moss and vascular plant species. We calibrated the data set (29,885 plots after heterogeneity-constrained resampling) with temperature, using two macroclim…