Search results for "efficien"

showing 10 items of 3014 documents

Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging for focal liver lesions: bridging the gap between research and clinical practice

2021

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly important for the detection, characterization, and follow-up of focal liver lesions. Several quantitative MRI-based methods have been proposed in addition to qualitative imaging interpretation to improve the diagnostic work-up and prognostics in patients with focal liver lesions. This includes DWI with apparent diffusion coefficient measurements, intravoxel incoherent motion, perfusion imaging, MR elastography, and radiomics. Multiple research studies have reported promising results with quantitative MRI methods in various clinical settings. Nevertheless, applications in everyday clinical practice are limited. This review describes the basic princ…

medicine.medical_specialtyQuantitative magnetic resonance imagingContrast MediaPerfusion scanningReview Article030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesImaging Three-Dimensional0302 clinical medicineImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansEffective diffusion coefficientRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIn patientIntravoxel incoherent motionRadiomicsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsMagnetic resonance imagingGeneral MedicinePerfusion imagingImage EnhancementPrognosisMagnetic Resonance ImagingClinical PracticeDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging030220 oncology & carcinogenesisElasticity Imaging TechniquesDiffusion-weighted imagingRadiologyElastographyElastographySettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiabusinessThe British Journal of Radiology
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Pitfalls in whole body MRI with diffusion weighted imaging performed on patients with lymphoma: What radiologists should know

2016

The technological advances in radiological imaging and the relevance of a diagnostic tool that may reduce radiation-induced long-term effects have led to a widespread use of whole body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) with diffusion weighted imaging for oncologic patients. A lot of studies demonstrated the feasibility and reliability of WB-MRI as an alternative technique for lymphoma staging and response assessment during and after treatment. In this paper, taking advantage of our 2years of experience using WB-MRI for lymphoma, we discuss the main pitfalls and artifacts radiologists should know examining a WB-MRI performed on this typology of patients in order to avoid images misinterpre…

medicine.medical_specialtyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingLymphomaWhole body mriBiophysicsBiomedical EngineeringPitfall030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMagnetic resonance imagingRadiologistsHumansMedicineEffective diffusion coefficientWhole Body ImagingMedical physicsDiagnostic ErrorsRadiological imagingmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingDiffusion weighted imagingmedicine.diseaseOncologic imagingLymphomaResponse assessmentDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingBiophysic030220 oncology & carcinogenesisArtifactClinical CompetenceRadiologyArtifactsbusinessWhole bodySettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaDiffusion MRI
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An exploratory study of two Caco-2 cell models for oral absorption: A report on their within-laboratory and between-laboratory variability, and their…

2010

In 2005, the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM) sponsored a study aimed at evaluating the reproducibility (between-laboratory and within-laboratory variability) and the predictive capacity of two in vitro cellular systems — the Caco-2/ATCC parental cell line and the Caco-2/TC7 clone — for estimating the oral fraction absorbed (Fa) in humans. Two laboratories, both of which had experience with Caco-2 cultures, participated in the study. Ten test chemicals with documented in vivo oral absorption data were selected. Atenolol, cimetidine and propranolol were included as reference compounds for low, medium and high intestinal absorption, respectively. Transport ex…

medicine.medical_specialtyReproducibilityChromatographyChemistryCoefficient of variationReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineAbsorption (skin)ToxicologyAtenololPermeabilityGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyIntestinal absorptionSurgeryMedical Laboratory TechnologyIntestinal AbsorptionIn vivoParacellular transportmedicineHumansEffluxCaco-2 CellsChromatography High Pressure Liquidmedicine.drug
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Efficiency of telemedicine for acute stroke: a cost-effectiveness analysis from a French pilot study

2020

AbstractObjectivesTelestroke is an effective way to improve care and health outcomes for stroke patients. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of a French telestroke network.MethodsA decision analysis model was built using population-based data. We compared short-term clinical outcomes and costs for the management of acute ischemic stroke patients before and after the implementation of a telestroke network from the point of view of the national health insurance system. Three effectiveness endpoints were used: hospital death, death at 3 months, and severe disability 3 months after stroke (assessed with the modified Rankin scale). Most clinical and economic parameters were estimated fr…

medicine.medical_specialtyTelemedicineCost effectivenessCost-Benefit AnalysisPopulationPilot Projects030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyEfficiency OrganizationalState MedicineDisability Evaluation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineModified Rankin ScaleHumansMedicineHospital MortalityeducationStrokeTelerehabilitationAcute strokeeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryHealth PolicyStroke RehabilitationCost-effectiveness analysismedicine.diseaseStrokeModels EconomicEmergency medicineFranceHealth Expendituresbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDecision analysisInternational Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care
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Inhibition of growth of measles virus by mycoplasma in cell-cultures and the restoring effect of arginine

1970

Presence of mycoplasma in MK cell cultures caused an inhibition of measles virus, as revealed by a lower plating efficiency. When arginine is supplemented to the cell-system, mycoplasma contaminated cells yield plaque titers as high as those of uncontaminated cells. The essential role of arginine for plaque formation of measles virus is suggested also by experiments in which arginine added to the agar overlay restored the plating efficiency of measles virus in cultures maintained in a minimal nutrient medium.

medicine.medical_specialtyVirus CultivationPlating efficiencyArginineBiologyArginineKidneymedicine.disease_causeMeaslesCell LineMicrobiologyMeasles virusMycoplasmaMedical microbiologyCulture TechniquesVirologymedicineAnimalsHaplorhiniGeneral MedicineMycoplasmabiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologyCulture MediaTiterMeasles virusCell cultureArchiv f�r die gesamte Virusforschung
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Inspiratory and Lower-Limb Strength Importance in Mountain Ultramarathon Running. Sex Differences and Relationship with Performance

2020

The study was aimed at comparing lower-limb strength and respiratory parameters between male and female athletes and their interaction with performance in a 107 km mountain ultramarathon. Forty seven runners (29 males and 18 females

medicine.medical_specialtyVital capacityPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationIsometric exerciseankle reactive strengthArticleLower limbultraendurancePulmonary function testinglcsh:GV557-1198.99503 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineisometric strengthOrthopedics and Sports MedicineRespiratory systemlcsh:SportsbiologyAthletesbusiness.industrypulmonary functionInspiratory muscle030229 sport sciencesbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.anatomical_structureCardiologyventilatory efficiencyAnklebusinesshuman activities030217 neurology & neurosurgerySports
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2020

Gait variability observed in step duration is predictive of impending adverse health outcomes among apparently healthy older adults and could potentially be evaluated using wearable sensors (inertial measurement units, IMU). The purpose of the present study was to establish the reliability and concurrent validity of gait variability and complexity evaluated with a waist and an ankle-worn IMU. Seventeen women (age 74.8 (SD 44) years) and 10 men (73.7 (4.1) years) attended two laboratory measurement sessions a week apart. Their stride duration variability was concurrently evaluated based on a continuous 3 min walk using a force plate and a waist- and an ankle-worn IMU. Their gait complexity (…

medicine.medical_specialtyWaistCorrelation coefficient0206 medical engineeringConcurrent validitySTRIDE02 engineering and technologyAccelerometerBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationInertial measurement unitmedicineElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationbusiness.industry020601 biomedical engineeringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSample entropymedicine.anatomical_structureAnklebusinesshuman activities030217 neurology & neurosurgerySensors
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Recognition and characterization of small colonic neoplasia with high-definition colonoscopy using i-Scan is as precise as chromoendoscopy

2010

Abstract Background The EPKi system (Pentax, Japan) enables resolution above HDTV. Aim of the study was to test the efficacy of HD+ alone and with the new post-processing digital filter i-Scan or chromoendoscopy (Methylene blue 0.1%) in screening for colorectal cancer. We focused on lesions less than 5 mm as a surrogate marker for the optical possibilities of the EPKi system. Methods The last 30 cm of the colon in a screening population were inspected with HD+ alone, in combination with i-Scan (2:1 randomisation) and subsequently with chromoendoscopy. All lesions were characterized and targeted biopsies were performed. Results i-Scan augmented in 69 patients the identification of lesions fr…

medicine.medical_specialtyeducation.field_of_studyHepatologymedicine.diagnostic_testColorectal cancerSurrogate endpointbusiness.industryHigh definition endoscopyPopulationGastroenterologyColonoscopymedicine.diseaseTime efficientChromoendoscopymedicineHigh definitionRadiologyeducationbusinessDigestive and Liver Disease
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The association between quality of care and technical efficiency in long-term care

2005

To analyse the association between quality of care and technical (productive) efficiency in institutional long-term care wards for the elderly.One hundred and fourteen public health centre hospitals and residential homes in Finland.Wards were divided into two categories according to their rank in the quality distribution, considering 41 quality variables separately. The technical efficiency scores of the good- and poor-quality groups were compared using cross-sectional data.Data envelopment analysis was used for calculating technical efficiency. The Mann-Whitney test and correlation coefficients were used to explore the association between quality and efficiency.The wards where quality indi…

medicine.medical_specialtymedia_common.quotation_subjectEfficiency OrganizationalRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesData envelopment analysismedicineHomes for the AgedHumansPerformance measurementQuality (business)Association (psychology)Diagnosis-Related GroupsFinlandAgedQuality Indicators Health Caremedia_commonHospitals Publicbusiness.industryHealth PolicyPublic healthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthHealth Care CostsGeneral MedicineLong-Term CareTest (assessment)Long-term careCross-Sectional StudiesFamily medicineMann–Whitney U testbusinessHospital UnitsInternational Journal for Quality in Health Care
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Liver intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging: a comprehensive review of published data on normal values and applications for …

2017

A comprehensive literature review was performed on liver intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique and its applications. Heterogeneous data have been reported. IVIM parameters are magnetic field strength dependent to a mild extent. A lower Dslow (D) value at 3 T than at 1.5 T and higher perfusion fraction (PF) value at 3 T than at 1.5 T were noted. An increased number of b values are associated with increased IVIM parameter measurement accuracy. With the current status of art, IVIM technique is not yet capable of detecting early stage liver fibrosis and diagnosing liver fibrosis grades, nor can it differentiate liver tumors. Though IVIM parameters show p…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLiver fibrosisTumor therapyMagnetic resonance imagingNormal valuesmedicine.disease030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFibrosisTechnology AssessmentmedicineEffective diffusion coefficientRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiologyStage (cooking)businessNuclear medicine030217 neurology & neurosurgeryIntravoxel incoherent motion
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