Search results for "efficiency"
showing 10 items of 1430 documents
Broadband stimulated Raman backscattering
2016
International audience; Broadband amplification employing stimulated Raman backscattering is demonstrated. Using seed pulses with a bandwidth of about 200 nm, we study the amplification in a wide spectral range in a single laser shot. With chirped pump pulses and a Ne gas jet, we observed under optimized conditions, amplification in a range of about 80 nm, which is sufficient to support the amplification of sub-20 fs pulses. This broad amplification range is also in excellent agreement with PIC simulations. The conversion efficiency is at certain wavelengths as high as 1.2% and was measured to be better than 6×10 −3 on average.
Water company productivity change: A disaggregated approach accounting for changes in inputs and outputs
2021
Abstract The assessment of the productivity change of water utilities provides essential information to sector managers and regulators. This study uses the Luenberger-Hicks-Moorsteen Productivity Indicator (LHMPI) to evaluate productivity change as it can be further decomposed into three components namely technical change (TC), technical efficiency change (TEC), and scale efficiency change (SEC). This study evaluates the productivity of several water companies in England and Wales from 2001 to 2018. We found that productivity declined 1.2% per year due to the use of inputs that increased by 1.4% per year relative to outputs that increased by 0.2% per year.
Energy Efficient Resource Allocation for Wireless Power Transfer Enabled Collaborative Mobile Clouds
2016
In order to fully enjoy high rate broadband multimedia services, prolonging the battery lifetime of user equipment is critical for mobile users, especially for smartphone users. In this paper, the problem of distributing cellular data via a wireless power transfer enabled collaborative mobile cloud (WeCMC) in an energy efficient manner is investigated. WeCMC is formed by a group of users who have both functionalities of information decoding and energy harvesting, and are interested for cooperating in downloading content from the operators. Through device-to-device communications, the users inside WeCMC are able to cooperate during the downloading procedure and offload data from the base sta…
UAV Communication Strategies in the Next Generation of Mobile Networks
2020
| openaire: EC/H2020/857031/EU//5G!Drones The Next Generation of Mobile Networks (NGMN) alliance advocates the use of different means to support vehicular communications. This aims to cope with the massive data generated by these devices which could affect the Quality of Service (QoS) of the associated applications, but also the overall operation carried out by the vehicles. However, efficient communication strategies must be considered in order to select, for each vehicle, the communication mean ensuring the best QoS. In this paper, we tackle this issue and we propose efficient communication strategies for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). In addition to direct UAV-to-Infrastructure communi…
Teachers in secondary schools: evidence from TALIS 2013
2014
En ligne sur https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/322910/RR302_-_TALIS_report_NC.pdf; The Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS), led by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), provides new information on the views and practices of lower secondary teachers and their headteachers and on how these vary across countries. England participated in TALIS for the first time in 2013 the only part of the UK to do so. The survey included over 30 other countries or parts of countries.This national report for England is published simultaneously with the OECD's first international report on TALIS 2013. It complements the OECD's re…
Organisation and Context, Efficiency and Equity of Educational Systems: what PISA tells us
2005
05065http://www.wwwords.co.uk/eerj/; International audience; After describing both average scores, dispersion, and social inequalities in achievement in the various countries included in the latest Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study, this article relates those ‘products' to country economic and cultural characteristics. It then explores relations between student scores and a number of institutional characteristics of countries' educational systems. Results show that relations exist between average scores and certain institutional or pedagogical practices such as grade repeating or tracking. A high degree of social inequality in achievement proves to be associated wi…
Energy Performance and Indoor Comfort of a 1930s Italian School Building: A case study
2021
Reducing energy consumption in the building tertiary sector, which accounts for a big share of the total energy use (and related CO 2 emissions) at European and Italian level, represent a strong element of safety for the EU-28. On the other hand, it is important to improve the, often overlooked, indoor comfort conditions of Italian schools since they have a significant impact on the well-being, productivity, health and safety of their occupants. Thus, it is appropriate to take into account the combination of both needs, also in light of the climate change scenario, in order to identify adequate improvement measures and justify such economic investment. This paper brings a contribution to th…
Schooling systems and the efficient provision of education and training : an international comparison
2002
International audience
Efficacité comparée de l'enseignement public et privé au Cameroun
2010
In this thesis, we treat with the efficiency compared by the state education and by the private education in Cameroon. The current educational system carries the marks of colonial period. The school is crossed by three stages the school before the colonization, the school during the colonization and the school after the colonization. The current educational system is characterized by a strong educational request and an insufficient educational offer. The redoubling and the abandonments are frequent and raised. The educational system is little effective in general. Two educational sub-systems inherited from colonial period work, the one French speaker and the other English speaker. Two secto…
Factors determining pedagogic efficiency of secondary: school critical analysis of academic failure in Burkina Faso
2007
The increase in the rate of school counter-performance raises nowadays, the necessity to apprehend the mechanisms from which this failure stems and is cared for. The collected data revealed the content and worrying side of the academic failure at secondary schools level. The econometric tests have allowed identifying the fundamental role of social background and the initial stage through the type of institution as an explanation to the mass failure, the feeble congruency between the different evaluations during the schooling process, as well as the inefficiency of the school organization through the training of the primary school leavers and the management of secondary schools. Finally, sch…