Search results for "electron microscopy"

showing 10 items of 706 documents

Recent progress in photoemission microscopy with emphasis on chemical and magnetic sensitivity

1997

Abstract With the improved access to synchrotron radiation sources photoemission electron microscopy is developing into a versatile analytical tool in surface and materials science. The broad spectral range and the well-defined polarization characteristics of synchrotron light permit a unique combination of topographic, chemical, and even magnetic investigations down to a mesoscopic scale. The potentiality of photoemission electron microscopy is demonstrated by several experiments on surfaces and microstructured thin film systems, which have been carried out with a newly designed instrument. We discuss its different modes of operation with respect to both microscopy and spectroscopy. A comb…

RadiationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMagnetic circular dichroismSynchrotron radiationAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSynchrotronElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials SciencePhotoemission electron microscopyOpticslawMicroscopyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThin filmbusinessSpectroscopyJournal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
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Photoabsorption and MXCD in photoemission microscopy for characterisation of advanced materials

1999

Abstract We applied chemical and magnetic sensitive photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) to investigate surfaces of advanced materials. PEEM at low photon energies provides a high spatial resolution, but suffers from the lack of information about the chemical composition of the imaged surface. Such information can be obtained by PEEM via tuning the photon energy to X-ray absorption edges. To apply spectromicroscopy we acquired and subtracted microscopic images using photon energies just below and at the edges. The resulting difference gives a micro-image of the lateral distribution of a specific element. Microspectroscopy is performed by recording the intensity of secondary electrons in…

RadiationPhotonMagnetic structurebusiness.industryChemistryAnalytical chemistryPhoton energyDichroismRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSecondary electronsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhotoemission electron microscopyOpticsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)businessSpectroscopyJournal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
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The nature of radiohaloes in biotite: Experimental studies and modeling

2001

Several micro-techniques (confocal laser-Raman microprobe, optical absorption micro-spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis) were employed in the detailed characterization of radiohaloes in biotites from two Variscan rocks from Germany. The studied biotites are intermediate members of the phlogopite-annite series with Mg/Fe 2+ ratios in the range 1.6–1.0. Radiohaloes in biotite resulted from the impact of 4 He cores (α-particles) emitted from actinide-bearing inclusions. Monte Carlo simulations yielded α ( 238 U, 235 U, and 232 Th series) penetration ranges in biotite between 12.5 and 37.3 μm, which are in reasonable agreement with the ob…

RadiohaloMicroprobeChemistryAnalytical chemistry550 - Earth sciencesElectron microprobeengineering.materialCrystallographic defectsymbols.namesakeCrystallographyGeophysicsGeochemistry and PetrologysymbolsengineeringRaman spectroscopyHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)BiotiteAmerican Mineralogist
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Accurate and precise lattice parameters by selected-area electron diffraction in the transmission electron microscope

2009

8 páginas, 6 figuras, 7 tablas.

Reflection high-energy electron diffractionChemistrybusiness.industryElectron diffraction lattice parameters elliptical distortion micaLattice parametersGEO/06 - MINERALOGIAGeophysicsOpticsElectron diffractionElectron diffractionGeochemistry and PetrologyMicaScanning transmission electron microscopyEnergy filtered transmission electron microscopySelected area diffractionHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopybusinessElectron diffraction; Elliptical distortion; Lattice parameters; MicaKikuchi lineElliptical distortionElectron backscatter diffraction
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Dentin tubule orientation determines odontoblastic differentiation in vitro: A morphological study.

2019

Odontoblasts are post-mitotic cells responsible for maintenance of the dentin, and are therefore important for dental health. In some cases, irreversible pulpitis leads to necrosis and consequently death of odontoblasts. Regenerative endodontics (RE) uses the concept of tissue engineering to restore the root canals to a healthy state, allowing for continued development of the root and surrounding tissue. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have been successfully used in RE to restore odontoblast function. Surface microgeometry is one of the most important factors involved in the induction of differentiation of hDPSCs into odontoblast-like cells. Although different authors have demonstrate…

Regenerative endodonticsTeethCellular differentiationScienceResearch and Analysis MethodsExtracellular matrix03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineTissue engineeringstomatognathic systemDental pulp stem cellsDentinmedicineMedicine and Health SciencesHumansElectron MicroscopyDental Pulp030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesMicroscopyMultidisciplinaryOdontoblastsTissue EngineeringChemistryStem CellsQRBiology and Life SciencesLight MicroscopyCell Differentiation030206 dentistryCell BiologyCell biologyExtracellular Matrixstomatognathic diseasesOdontoblastmedicine.anatomical_structureJawCell ProcessesDentinMedicineTransmission Electron MicroscopyAnatomyCellular Structures and OrganellesDigestive SystemHeadDentin sialoproteinResearch ArticleDevelopmental BiologyPLoS ONE
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PRCD is concentrated at the base of photoreceptor outer segments and is involved in outer segment disc formation.

2019

Abstract Mutations of the PRCD gene are associated with rod-cone degeneration in both dogs and humans. Prcd is expressed in the mouse eye as early as embryonic day 14. In the adult mouse retina PRCD is expressed in the outer segments of both rod and cone photoreceptors. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that PRCD is located at the outer segment rim, and that it is highly concentrated at the base of the outer segment. Prcd-knockout mice present with progressive retinal degeneration, starting at 20 weeks of age and onwards. This process is reflected by a significant and progressive reduction of both scotopic and photopic electroretinographic responses, and by thinning of the retina, and spec…

Retinal degenerationMalegenetic structuresImmunoelectron microscopyRetinal Pigment EpitheliumBiologyRetinachemistry.chemical_compoundMicePhagocytosisGeneticsmedicineAnimalsScotopic visionOuter nuclear layerEye ProteinsMolecular BiologyGenetics (clinical)Mice KnockoutRetinaRetinal DegenerationMembrane ProteinsRetinalGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseRod Cell Outer SegmentPhotoreceptor outer segmenteye diseasesCell biologyMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryRetinal Cone Photoreceptor CellsFemalesense organsCone-Rod DystrophiesRetinitis PigmentosaPhotopic visionSignal TransductionHuman molecular genetics
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Peripherin-2 couples rhodopsin to the CNG channel in outer segments of rod photoreceptors.

2014

Outer segments (OS) of rod photoreceptors are cellular compartments specialized in the conversion of light into electrical signals. This process relies on the light-triggered change in the intracellular levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which in turn controls the activity of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels in the rod OS plasma membrane. The rod CNG channel is a macromolecular complex that in its core harbors the ion-conducting CNGA1 and CNGB1a subunits. To identify additional proteins of the complex that interact with the CNGB1a core subunit we applied affinity purification of mouse retinal proteins followed by mass spectrometry. In combination with in vitro and in viv…

Rhodopsingenetic structuresImmunoelectron microscopyProtein subunitPeripherinsCyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation ChannelsNerve Tissue ProteinsBiologyRetinaCell membraneMiceRetinal Rod Photoreceptor CellsRetinitis pigmentosaGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansPeripherin 2Molecular BiologyGenetics (clinical)General MedicineAnatomyRetinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer Segmentmedicine.diseaseProtein Structure TertiaryTransmembrane domainmedicine.anatomical_structureFörster resonance energy transferRhodopsinbiology.proteinBiophysicssense organsRetinitis PigmentosaProtein Binding
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Evaluation of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) for the detection of rotaviruses: applications of the assay.

1996

Summary Our aim was to evaluate the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) technique for the detection of rotavirus shedding by infected children as a routine diagnostic procedure, in comparison to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), electron microscopy (EM) and polyacrylamide gel etectrophoresis (PAGE) of rotavirus double stranded RNA. Two-hundred and twenty stool specimens were collected from infants and young children with diarrhoea, and 10–20% faecal suspensions were made. Several methods of rotavirus dsRNA extraction were assayed. Electrophoretic analysis of viral RNA was carried out on 10% polyacrylamide gols followed by silver staining. RT/PCR was per…

RotavirusRT/PCRTranscription GeneticImmunologyReoviridaeEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayMicroscopic électroniquemedicine.disease_causeSensibilité.Polymerase Chain ReactionSensitivity and SpecificityRotavirus InfectionsArticlelaw.inventionFecesfluids and secretionsSensitivitylawVirologyRotavirusViral analysismedicineElectron microscopyHumansTypingChildRotavirus RT/PCRPolymerase chain reactionbiologyRNAInfantbiology.organism_classificationVirologyMolecular biologyReverse transcriptaseVirus SheddingPAGEMicroscopy ElectronReal-time polymerase chain reactionEvaluation Studies as TopicAnalyse viraleRNA ViralElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelELISARNA extractionResearch in virology
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Radioluminescence, thermoluminescence and dosimetric properties of ZnO ceramics

2017

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this work from research grant ERA.NET RUS Plus Nr.609556 and from the SFERA II project Transnational Access activities (EU 7th Framework Programme Grant Agreement no 312643) for supporting ZnO nanopowders preparation.

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPYMaterials scienceTHERMOLUMINESCENCEZINC OXIDEAnalytical chemistryMineralogySintering02 engineering and technologyC. THERMOSTIMULATED LUMINESCENCE01 natural sciencesThermoluminescenceTHERMOSTIMULATED LUMINESCENCESpectral lineD. DOSIMETRYDOSIMETRIC PROPERTIESB. SINTERINGSINTERING CONDITION0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Materials ChemistryCeramicIrradiation010302 applied physicsCERAMIC MATERIALSProcess Chemistry and TechnologyA. ZNO CERAMICRadioluminescenceAtmospheric temperature rangeDOSIMETRYZNO CERAMIC021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIRRADIATIONRADIO-LUMINESCENCEDEFECT LUMINESCENCEvisual_artLUMINESCENCECeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSINTERINGTEMPERATURE RANGE0210 nano-technologyLuminescenceRADIOLUMINESCENCE SPECTRA
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Lateral reorganization of plasma membrane is involved in the yeast resistance to severe dehydration

2010

International audience; In this study, we investigated the kinetic and the magnitude of dehydrations on yeast plasma membrane (PM) modifications because this parameter is crucial to cell survival. Functional (permeability) and structural (morphology, ultrastructure, and distribution of the protein Sur7-GFP contained in sterol-rich membrane microdomains) PM modifications were investigated by confocal and electron microscopy after progressive (non-lethal) and rapid (lethal) hyperosmotic perturbations. Rapid cell dehydration induced the formation of many PM invaginations followed by membrane internalization of low sterol content PM regions with time. Permeabilization of the plasma membrane occ…

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiotechnologyRecombinant Fusion Proteinsmedia_common.quotation_subjectCellBiophysicsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyBiochemistryCell survivallaw.invention[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics][ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologylawElectron microscopymedicine[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringMicrodomainDehydration kineticInternalizationEisosomemedia_commonDehydrationOsmotic concentrationCell MembraneOsmolar ConcentrationLipid microdomainMembrane ProteinsWaterCell BiologyEndocytosisCell biologyConfocal microscopy[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitologymedicine.anatomical_structureMembraneUltrastructureElectron microscopeBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes
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