Search results for "electron"

showing 10 items of 24810 documents

Réseaux de distribution de l’énergie et sobriété énergétique des territoires, les apports d’une approche thermodynamique et métabolique des systèmes …

2017

Dans le contexte de transition énergétique et de crise environnementale actuel, les intérêts des approches territoriales et systémiques de l’énergie semblent aujourd’hui admis. Cependant et malgré les nombreuses avancées dans les domaines technologiques, en matière d’urbanisme et d’aménagement ou bien encore en termes d’approches psycho-sociales et comportementales, les courbes de consommations énergétiques peinent à s’infléchir. Fort de ce constat, nous posons l’hypothèse, sur la base d’éléments théoriques empruntés à la thermodynamique et à la biologie, du rôle potentiel que pourraient jouer les réseaux de distribution énergétique, leurs caractéristiques, leur morphologie et leur dynamiqu…

métabolisme territorialSocial Sciences and Humanitiesréseaux énergétiques020209 energy0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyterritorial metabolism[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography[ SDE ] Environmental Sciencesreseaux energétiquesthermodynamicsobriété énergétiquerégulation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringrational use of energyenergy networksGE1-350thermodynamiquelcsh:Environmental scienceslcsh:GE1-350Régulation021107 urban & regional planningregulation[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyEnvironmental sciences13. Climate actionSciences Humaines et Sociales
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Tetragonal tungsten bronzes Nb8−xW9+xO47−δ: optimization strategies and transport properties of a new n-type thermoelectric oxide

2015

Engineering of nanoscaled structures may help controlling the electrical and thermal transport in solids, in particular for thermoelectric applications that require the combination of low thermal conductivity and low electrical resistivity. The tetragonal tungsten bronzes Nb8−xW9+xO47 (TTB) allow a continuous variation of the charge carrier concentration while fulfilling at the same time the concept of a “phonon-glass electron-crystal” through a layered nanostructure defined by intrinsic crystallographic shear planes. The thermoelectric properties of the tetragonal tungsten bronzes Nb8−xW9+xO47−δ (0 < x < 2) were studied in the temperature range from 373 to 973 K. Structural defects and the…

n-type thermoelectric oxideMaterials scienceProcess Chemistry and TechnologyAnalytical chemistryMineralogychemistry.chemical_elementAtmospheric temperature rangeTungstenThermogravimetryTetragonal crystal systemThermal conductivitychemistrytransport propertiesMechanics of MaterialsElectrical resistivity and conductivitySeebeck coefficientThermoelectric effectGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic Engineering
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Erratum: De Teresa, J.M. et al. Comparison between Focused Electron/Ion Beam-Induced Deposition at Room Temperature and under Cryogenic Conditions. M…

2020

In Section 3 [...]

n/aMaterials scienceIon beamControl and Systems Engineeringlcsh:Mechanical engineering and machineryMechanical EngineeringAnalytical chemistrylcsh:TJ1-1570ElectronElectrical and Electronic EngineeringDeposition (chemistry)Micromachines
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Computer Simulations of the Band Structure and Density of States of the Linear Chains of NaCl Ions

2019

The authors thank Eugene Kotomin and V. Kuzovkov for fruitful discussions and valuable suggestions. A.I.P thanks A.Moskina for the technical assistance in preparation of the manuscript. A.I.P also gratefully acknowledges a project LZP-2018/1-0214 from the Latvian Council of Science for partial support.

nacltotal energyMaterials sciencePhysicsQC1-999band structureGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsIonNaCl0103 physical sciencesdensity of statesDensity of states:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]computer simulationsTotal energy010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyElectronic band structure
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Structural studies of dielectric polymer nanocomposites

2013

A constant need for the development of new and superior materials is always present; for example, a better electrical insulator would enable more efficient use of electrical power. Polymeric nanocomposites, i.e. nanodielectrics, are thought to have unique electrical properties. The basic chemical constitution of a material alone fails to provide an understanding of how desired properties of a material originate or predict the long term behavior of a material. We need to define the structure behind the functionality of a material. To do that, the structure of the material must be studied on several scales. This research was part of the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (TE…

nanodielectricsRaman microscopypolymer nanocompositetransmission electron microscopyelektronimikroskopiadispersionmikroskopiapolymeeritpolymeerikomposiittikomposiititIndraStra Global
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Review: Electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical switches – materials solutions and operational conditions

2018

This review summarizes relevant research in the field of electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switches. The main switch architectures and structural elements are briefly described and compared. Investigation methods that allow for exploring coupled electromechanical interactions as well as studies of mechanically or electrically induced effects are covered. An examination of the complex nanocontact behaviour during various stages of the switching cycle is provided. The choice of the switching element and the electrode is addressed from the materials perspective, detailing the benefits and drawbacks for each. An overview of experimentally demonstrated NEM swi…

nanoelectromechanical switchesComputer scienceGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyReviewlcsh:Chemical technologylcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesReliability (semiconductor)0103 physical sciencesElectronic engineeringNanotechnologylcsh:TP1-1185General Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringlcsh:Science010302 applied physicsreliabilitylcsh:TOperating environmentnanocontactsNEM021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999NanoscienceInvestigation methodsSwitching cyclenanowireslcsh:Q0210 nano-technologylcsh:PhysicsBeilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
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Metal-nanoparticle-G4-DNA conjugates and their DC conductivity measurements

2013

Due to superior self-assembly properties, DNA is a very promising candidate for the basis of future bottom-up solutions for molecular electronics and therefore the conductivity of DNA is a very crucial question. In this work DC conductivity measurements on conjugates consisting of G-quadruplex DNA and metal nanoparticles were carried out. The fabrication and results obtained from the electrical measurements of three types of conjugates (20nm G4-AgNP chains, 20nm G4-AuNP flowers and 60nm G4-AuNPs) are reported. Additionally, 20nm AuNP chains coated with G4 were fabricated but not measured electrically. Results reported here indicate that in ambient conditions G4-DNA exhibits insulating behav…

nanoelectronicsmolecular electronicsnanoelektroniikkananoparticlesconductivityDNAmolekyylielektroniikkaG-guadruplexdna-electronics
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Nano-graphite cold cathodes for electric solar wind sail

2015

The nanographite (NG) films consisting of tiny graphite crystallites (nanowalls) are produced by carbon condensation from methane–hydrogen gas mixture activated by a direct current discharge. High aspect ratio and structural features of the NG crystallites provides efficient field electron emission (FE). Applicability and performance of the NG films in an electron gun (E-gun) of a solar wind thruster system with an electric sail (E-sail) is tested. The long-term tests are demonstrated suitability of E-gun assembly with the NG cathodes for the real space missions. The results of the tests are analyzed and physical mechanisms of the cathode aging and practical methods for improvement performa…

nanographite filmsMaterials scienceta114ta221Analytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementsolar wind thruster systemGeneral ChemistryCathodelaw.inventionField electron emissionchemistrylawGeneral Materials ScienceElectric sailDirect-current dischargeCrystalliteGraphiteComposite materialCarbonElectron gunCarbon
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Bright Visible Luminescence in Silica Nanoparticles

2011

International audience; We demonstrate that a porous film of silica nanoparticles emits a bright visible luminescence associated with defects stabilized by oxygen chemisorption at oxygen deficient center sites. Time-resolved spectra excited by a tunable laser allow us to distinguish the luminescence at 1.99 eV, characteristic of the nonbridging oxygen hole center (NBOHC) (Si-O)3 Si-O*, and a fast and a slow emission: the first (lifetime τ ≈ 25 ns) is peaked at 2.27 eV with an excitation spectrum centered at 5.5 eV; the second (τ ≈ 7.5 μs) is peaked at 2.41 eV and is excited around 3.2 and 5.2 eV. Reaction in an air atmosphere leads to the disappearance of the NBOHC luminescence and of the …

nanoparticles silica time resolved luminescence[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Materials scienceSilanoneNanoparticleSpectral lineSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsGeneral EnergyChemisorptionExcited statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsLuminescenceExcitationTunable laserThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Preparation of Nd:YAG Nanopowder in a Confined Environment

2007

Nanopowder of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG, Y3Al5O12) doped with neodymium ions (Nd:YAG) was prepared in the water/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/1-butanol/n-heptane system. Aluminum, yttrium, and neodymium nitrates were used as starting materials, and ammonia was used as a precipitating agent. Coprecipitate hydroxide precursors where thermally treated at 900 degrees C to achieve the garnet phase. The starting system with and without reactants was characterized by means of the small-angle neutron scattering technique. The system, without reactants, is constituted by a bicontinuous structure laying near the borderline with the lamellar phase region. The introduction of nitrates stabilizes th…

nanopowderswide angle x-ray scatteringAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyNeodymiummicroemulsionsYAG [Nd]Lamellar phasePhase (matter)transmission electron microscopyElectrochemistryGeneral Materials ScienceMicroemulsionYAG; nanopowders; syntheisi in confined environment; microemulsions; wide angle x-ray scattering; transmission electron microscopy; photoluminescence spectroscopy [Nd]Wide-angle X-ray scatteringSpectroscopySurfaces and InterfacesYttriumCondensed Matter PhysicsSmall-angle neutron scatteringchemistrysyntheisi in confined environmentphotoluminescence spectroscopyTransmission electron microscopyNdYAG microemulsion synthesis in confined environmentLangmuir
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