Search results for "electrons"

showing 10 items of 1325 documents

High-temperature spin crossover in a mononuclear six-coordinate cobalt(II) complex.

2014

The six-coordinate cobalt(II) complex of formula [Co(tppz)2](tcm)2 exhibits a thermally induced spin-crossover behavior from a high spin (S = 3/2) at higher temperatures to a low spin (S = 1/2) at lower temperatures, with the low-spin phase being achieved at T ≤ 200 K.

Inorganic ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonancechemistrySpin crossoverPhase (matter)Analytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpin (physics)CobaltInorganic chemistry
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Wannier90 as a community code: new features and applications

2019

Wannier90 is an open-source computer program for calculating maximally-localised Wannier functions (MLWFs) from a set of Bloch states. It is interfaced to many widely used electronic-structure codes thanks to its independence from the basis sets representing these Bloch states. In the past few years the development of Wannier90 has transitioned to a community-driven model; this has resulted in a number of new developments that have been recently released in Wannier90 v3.0. In this article we describe these new functionalities, that include the implementation of new features for wannierisation and disentanglement (symmetry-adapted Wannier functions, selectively-localised Wannier functions, s…

Interface (Java)02 engineering and technologysemiconductors01 natural sciencesGeneral Materials Sciencefieldslocal orbitalCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceUnit testingComputer programBasis (linear algebra)electronstooldynamicsComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsspin polarizationreal-space methods[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]0210 nano-technologyPhysics - Computational PhysicspseudopotentialsconstructionMaterials sciencelocal orbitalsFluids & Plasmasreal-space method0204 Condensed Matter PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesComputational sciencecrystalSet (abstract data type)band structure interpolation0103 physical sciencesddc:530Wannier function010306 general physics0912 Materials Engineeringdensity-functional theoryWannier orbitalWannier function1007 Nanotechnologybusiness.industrywannier orbitalsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Usabilitywannier functionsWannier functions; band structure interpolation; local orbitals; real-space methods; electronic structure; Wannier orbitals; density-functional theoryelectronic structureAutomationtotal-energy calculationsbusiness
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Intersystem Crossing and Light-Induced Bistability in Iron(?) Spin-Crossover Compounds

1996

Abstract The dynamics of the high-spin→low-spin intersystem crossing process in iron(?) spin-crossover compounds are strongly influenced by cooperative effects of elastic origin which are due to the large difference in volume between high-spin and low-spin complexes. The deviation from first order kinetics is attributed to a build-up of an internal pressure as the relaxation proceeds, leading to a characteristic self-acceleration. The elastic interactions may lead to a light-induced bistability for systems which otherwise remain in the high-spin state down to cryogenic temperatures.

Intersystem crossingBistabilityChemical physicsChemistrySpin crossoverRelaxation (NMR)Light inducedInternal pressureCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsRate equationCondensed Matter PhysicsInternal conversion (chemistry)PhotochemistryMolecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals
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Detector for monitoring potential bleeding during electron intraoperative radiotherapy

2018

Purpose: The aim of this work is to develop a bleeding detector integrated into the acrylic circular applicators for specific mobile linacs. Thus, a bleeding detector has been developed based on a capacitive sensor to be used with plastic applicators, as in the case of LIAC HWL from Sordina IORT Technologies SpA. According to the clinical impact, we have selected 0.5 cm as the minimum depth of fluid that should be detected. Methods: An experiment was developed using water-simulating blood. Two setups were considered: non-beveled applicators with 7 cm and 10 cm diameter. Measurements were done for applicators 0 degrees and 45 degrees tilted, both with respect to the horizontal surface, in or…

Intraoperative radiotherapyMaterials scienceCapacitive sensingBiophysicsPhase (waves)General Physics and AstronomyElectronsHemorrhageRadiation030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingIntraoperative Period03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationRadiation InjuriesRadiotherapybusiness.industryBleedingContinuous monitoringDetectorLinearityGeneral MedicineBevel030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCapacitive sensorParticle AcceleratorsbusinessPhysica Medica
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Phantom development for daily checks in electron intraoperative radiotherapy with a mobile linac.

2020

Abstract Purpose IORT with mobile linear accelerators is a well-established modality where the dose rate and, therefore, the dose per pulse are very high. The constancy of the dosimetric parameters of the accelerator has to be checked daily. The aim of this work is to develop a phantom with embedded detectors to improve both accuracy and efficiency in the daily test of an IORT linac at the surgery room. Methods The developed phantom is manufactured with transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), allocating 6 parallel-plate chambers: a central one to evaluate the on-axis beam output, another on-axis one placed at a fixed depth under the previous one to evaluate the energy constancy and four…

Intraoperative radiotherapyMaterials scienceFlatness (systems theory)BiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronsLinear particle acceleratorImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsDosimetryIonizationDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiometrybusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingDetectorRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineQuality assurance030220 oncology & carcinogenesisParticle AcceleratorsbusinessQuality assuranceBeam (structure)Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
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Nonadiabatic transitions between lambda-doubling states in the capture of a diatomic molecule by an ion

2008

The low-energy capture of a dipolar diatomic molecule in an adiabatically isolated electronic state with a good quantum number Hund’s coupling case a by an ion occurs adiabatically with respect to rotational transitions of the diatom. However, the capture dynamics may be nonadiabatic with respect to transitions between the pair of the -doubling states belonging to the same value of the intrinsic angular momentum j. In this work, nonadiabatic transition probabilities are calculated which define the -doubling j-specific capture rate coefficients. It is shown that the transition from linear to quadratic Stark effect in the ion-dipole interaction, which damps the T �1/2 divergence of the captur…

IonsAngular momentumTime FactorsRotationChemistryStatic ElectricityGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronsElectronDiatomic moleculeIonGood quantum numbersymbols.namesakeDipoleStark effectsymbolsQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsAdiabatic processAlgorithmsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Intramolecular electron transfer between molybdenum and iron mimicking bacterial sulphite dehydrogenase

2014

Diferrocenyl/diferrocenium substituted dioxido molybdenum(VI) complexes [Fe2MoO2] 2(Fc)/[2(FC)]²⁺ mimic the catalytic active site including the redox subunits as well as the catalytic function of bacterial sulphite oxidases.

IronSulfite DehydrogenaseMolecular Conformationchemistry.chemical_elementBiocompatible MaterialsElectronsCrystallography X-RayPhotochemistryRedoxCatalysisCatalysisElectron TransportElectron transferCoordination ComplexesCatalytic DomainPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistrySulfite dehydrogenaseFerrous CompoundsMolybdenumBacteriabiologyMetals and AlloysActive siteGeneral ChemistryElectron transport chainSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryMolybdenumIntramolecular forceCeramics and Compositesbiology.proteinOxidation-ReductionChemical Communications
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A theoretical model for laser and powder particles interaction during laser cladding

2002

Abstract Interactions between the laser and the powder particles lead to attenuation of the laser and make the powder particles temperatures raise. According to given stream spread and speed of the powder particles, their temperature distribution at the surface of the workpiece is calculated. The attenuation of the laser induced by the cloud is also computed. These results are plotted for the case of a Gaussian distribution. Results show that with the increasing of the powder jet incidence angle, both temperature distribution of powder particles and attenuation of the laser have very different profiles. Their effects on the clad should be considered for modelling of laser cladding.

Jet (fluid)Materials sciencebusiness.industryAttenuationGaussianMetals and AlloysPhysics::OpticsLaserIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringComputer Science Applicationslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeOpticslawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityModeling and SimulationCeramics and CompositessymbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsbusinessJournal of Materials Processing Technology
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Magnetic field-controlled 0−π transitions and their experimental signatures in superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor junctions

2019

Superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor Josephson junctions are known to exist in the $0$ and $\pi$ states with the transitions between them controlled by the temperature and ferromagnetic interlayer thickness. We demonstrate that these transitions can be controlled also by the external magnetic field directed perpendicular to the layers. By varying the ratio of diffusion coefficients in superconducting and ferromagnetic layers, these field-controlled transitions can be made detectable for arbitrary large value of the exchange energy in the ferromagnet. We also show that the $0$-$\pi$ transitions in the perpendicular field can be observed as the specific features of the flux-flow conducti…

Josephson effectMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Field (physics)superconducting devices02 engineering and technologyConductivitymagnetic fieldssuperconductorsmagneettikentät01 natural sciencessuprajohteetCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesferromagnetic materialsPerpendicular010302 applied physicsSuperconductivityCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityExchange interaction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect3. Good healthMagnetic fieldexchange interactionsFerromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technology
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Spin torques and magnetic texture dynamics driven by the supercurrent in superconductor/ferromagnet structures

2018

We introduce the general formalism to describe spin torques induced by the supercurrents injected from the adjacent superconducting electrodes into the spin-textured ferromagnets. By considering the adiabatic limit for the equal-spin superconducting correlations in the ferromagnet we show that the supercurrent can generate both the field-like spin transfer torque and the spin-orbital torque. These dissipationless spin torques are expressed through the current-induced corrections to the effective field derived from the system energy. The general formalism is applied to show that the supercurrent can either shift or move the magnetic domain walls depending on their structure and the type of s…

Josephson effectmagneettiset ominaisuudetMagnetic domainFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencessuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Torque010306 general physicsAdiabatic processSuperconductivityPhysicsspintronicsCondensed matter physicsta114Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsdomain wallsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivitySupercurrentspin transfer torque021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect3. Good healthFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)FerromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technology
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