Search results for "epidemiologic"

showing 10 items of 396 documents

Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15-49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000-18: a modelling study

2021

Background. High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods. In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to e…

0301 basic medicinesub-Saharan AfricaMaleHIV AntibodieEpidemiologyHIV incidencesHIV Infectionsmortality rateHIV AntibodiesModelling studyHuman immunodeficiency virus prevalence0302 clinical medicineAfrica NorthernRA0421Seroepidemiologic StudiesMedicineNorthernHIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineYoung adult10. No inequalityuncertaintyMozambique11 Medical and Health SciencesHIV mortalityMortality rateIncidence (epidemiology)Incidence1. No povertyHiv incidencearticleMauritaniaHuman immunodeficiency virus infected patientArticlestrackingMiddle Agedhealth care planning3. Good healthPeer reviewLesothoAIDSInfectious DiseasesQR180A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classifiedFemaleprenatal careanti human immunodeficiency virus agentseroepidemiologyHumanAdultAdolescentAnti-HIV AgentsImmunologyantiretroviral therapyUnit (housing)03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultbloodHuman immunodeficiency virus infectionVirologySeroprevalenceHumanshumanDeveloping CountriesEstimationAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeSubnational mappingsbusiness.industrySeroepidemiologic StudieHIVAnti-HIV AgentPREVENTION030112 virologymortalitymonitoring3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineHuman immunodeficiency virus antibodyAfricabusinessHIV incidence ; HIV mortality ; Subnational mapping ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; Local burden of disease ; Public healthDemography
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Monitoring of ticks and tick-borne pathogens through a nationwide research station network in Finland.

2020

In 2015 a long-term, nationwide tick and tick-borne pathogen (TBP) monitoring project was started by the Finnish Tick Project and the Finnish Research Station network (RESTAT), with the goal of producing temporally and geographically extensive data regarding exophilic ticks in Finland. In the current study, we present results from the first four years of this collaboration. Ticks were collected by cloth dragging from 11 research stations across Finland in May September 2015-2018 (2012-2018 in Seili). Collected ticks were screened for twelve different pathogens by qPCR: Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, Borrelia valaisiana, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia miyamotoi, Babesia sp…

0301 basic medicineviruksetPopulation DynamicsmonitorointiIxodes persulcatuspuutiaisetACARImedicine.disease_causeBURGDORFERI SENSU-LATODISEASEbakteeritTicks0302 clinical medicineINFECTIONPOPULATIONFinland11832 Microbiology and virologyTick-borne pathogensbiologylongitudinal studylevinneisyysPREVALENCEInfectious Diseasestaudinaiheuttajat1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyEpidemiological Monitoringtick-borne pathogensBartonella-bakteeritSeasonsLongitudinal studyNymphIxodes ricinusMonitoringBorrelia valaisiana030231 tropical medicineZoologyBabesiaLYME BORRELIOSISBorrelia miyamotoipitkittäistutkimusTickBorrelia afzeliiMicrobiologyticksEncephalitis Viruses Tick-Borne03 medical and health sciencesCOINFECTIONSparasitic diseasesGram-Negative BacteriamedicineAnimalsBorrelia burgdorferiIxodesIXODES-RICINUS TICKSbiology.organism_classificationbacterial infections and mycosespunkitBorrelia-bakteeritmonitoring030104 developmental biologyNationwideitiöeläimetInsect ScienceParasitologyBorrelia gariniinationwideCANDIDATUS NEOEHRLICHIA MIKURENSISTicks and tick-borne diseases
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2016

Background Non-fatal outcomes of disease and injury increasingly detract from the ability of the world's population to live in full health, a trend largely attributable to an epidemiological transition in many countries from causes affecting children, to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) more common in adults. For the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015), we estimated the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for diseases and injuries at the global, regional, and national scale over the period of 1990 to 2015. Methods We estimated incidence and prevalence by age, sex, cause, year, and geography with a wide range of updated and standardi…

2. Zero hungerGerontologyeducation.field_of_studySense organbusiness.industryPopulation1. No povertyGeneral MedicinePopulation health3. Good health03 medical and health sciencesEpidemiological transition0302 clinical medicineYears of potential life lostEnvironmental healthNeglected tropical diseasesLife expectancyGlobal healthMedicine030212 general & internal medicinebusinesseducation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryThe Lancet
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2016

Summary Background Improving survival and extending the longevity of life for all populations requires timely, robust evidence on local mortality levels and trends. The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study (GBD 2015) provides a comprehensive assessment of all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2015. These results informed an in-depth investigation of observed and expected mortality patterns based on sociodemographic measures. Methods We estimated all-cause mortality by age, sex, geography, and year using an improved analytical approach originally developed for GBD 2013 and GBD 2010. Improvements included refinements to the estimati…

2. Zero hungerGerontologyeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryMortality ratePopulation1. No povertyGeneral Medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyVerbal autopsy3. Good health03 medical and health sciencesEpidemiological transition0302 clinical medicineYears of potential life lostLife expectancyCompensation law of mortalityMedicine030212 general & internal medicinebusinesseducationDemographyCause of deathThe Lancet
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2017

Importance: Comprehensive and timely monitoring of disease burden in all age groups, including children and adolescents, is essential for improving population health.Objective: To quantify and describe levels and trends of mortality and nonfatal health outcomes among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2015 to provide a framework for policy discussion.Evidence Review: Cause-specific mortality and nonfatal health outcomes were analyzed for 195 countries and territories by age group, sex, and year from 1990 to 2015 using standardized approaches for data processing and statistical modeling, with subsequent analysis of the findings to describe levels and trends across geography and time among…

2. Zero hungerGerontologyeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryPopulation1. No poverty3. Good healthChild mortality03 medical and health sciencesEpidemiological transition0302 clinical medicine030225 pediatricsEnvironmental healthPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthGlobal healthLife expectancyMedicine030212 general & internal medicinebusinesseducationDisease burdenReproductive healthAdolescent healthJAMA Pediatrics
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Menstrual problems and lifestyle among Spanish university women

2020

Menstrual problems affect many young women worldwide, conditioning both their academic performance and quality of life. This study sought to analyse the prevalence of menstrual problems and their possible relationship with lifestyle among Spanish university women, as part of a research project (UniHcos Project) involving a cohort of 11 Spanish universities with 7208 university students. A descriptive analysis was performed using the bivariate chi-square test and the Student&rsquo

2402.08 Hábitos AlimentariosHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesislcsh:Medicine:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Menstruation Disturbances [Medical Subject Headings]:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Tobacco Use::Smoking [Medical Subject Headings]Logistic regression:Health Care::Health Care Quality Access and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms::Statistics as Topic::Regression Analysis::Logistic Models [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]0302 clinical medicineMujeres universitarias - EspañaQuality of lifeTrastornos de la menstruaciónSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicine030212 general & internal medicineWomen college students - Spain:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Prevalence [Medical Subject Headings]Menstruation Disturbances:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Physiological Effects of Drugs::Reproductive Control Agents::Contraceptive Agents [Medical Subject Headings]030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Questionnaires [Medical Subject Headings]Test (assessment)University students:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cross-Sectional Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Dismenorrea:Anthropology Education Sociology and Social Phenomena::Social Sciences::Quality of Life [Medical Subject Headings]Cohort:Anthropology Education Sociology and Social Phenomena::Education::Education Nonprofessional::Students [Medical Subject Headings]Medicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaFemaleDietamedicine.symptomEstudiantes universitarios - EspañaDietinglifestyleUniversities:Anthropology Education Sociology and Social Phenomena::Education::Schools::Universities [Medical Subject Headings]LifestylesContext (language use):Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings]Affect (psychology)ArticleEstilo de vida6310.09 Calidad de Vida03 medical and health sciencesDysmenorrheaMenstruation disordersHumansWomenuniversity studentsStudentsLife StyleLifestyles - Health aspects:Geographical Locations::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]Descriptive statisticsbusiness.industrymenstrual disorderslcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Health:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Psychology Social::Life Style [Medical Subject Headings]MujeresLifestyle3212 Salud PublicaMenstruation Disturbances - pathologyDietMenstrual disordersCross-Sectional Studies:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Spain:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Drinking Behavior::Alcohol Drinking [Medical Subject Headings]Quality of Life:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Menstruation Disturbances::Dysmenorrhea [Medical Subject Headings]3201.08 GinecologíabusinessDemography
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Central nervous system involvement at first relapse in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and anthracycl…

2009

Background The prevalence of and risk factors for central nervous system recurrence in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia are not well established and remain a controversial matter. Design and Methods Between 1996 and 2005, 739 patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia enrolled in two consecutive trials (PETHEMA LPA96 and LPA99) received induction therapy-with all-trans retinoic acid and idarubicin. Consolidation therapy comprised three courses of anthracycline monochemotherapy (LPA96), with all-trans retinoic acid and reinforced doses of idarubicin in patients with an intermediate or high risk of relapse (LPA99). Central nervous system prophylaxis was not given. Re…

:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons Cyclic::Hydrocarbons Aromatic::Polycyclic Hydrocarbons Aromatic::Naphthacenes::Anthracyclines::Daunorubicin::Idarubicin [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Disease Attributes::Recurrence [Medical Subject Headings]Male:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]idarubicinGastroenterology:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Central Nervous System NeoplasmsLeukemia Promyelocytic AcuteRecurrenceRisk FactorsCumulative incidenceAntibiotics AntineoplasticHematologyMiddle Agedall-trans retinoic acidLeukemiamedicine.anatomical_structure:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adolescent [Medical Subject Headings]Femalemedicine.drugAcute promyelocytic leukemiaAdultcentral nervous system relapsemedicine.medical_specialty:Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Histologic Type::Leukemia::Leukemia Myeloid::Leukemia Myeloid Acute [Medical Subject Headings]AnthracyclineAdolescentCentral nervous system:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]TretinoinNeoplasias del sistema nervioso centralCentral nervous system diseaseTretinoinInternal medicine:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]medicineIdarubicinHumans:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]Letters to the Editor:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons Acyclic::Alkenes::Polyenes::Carotenoids::Retinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Leucemia promielocítica agudaAgedAntibióticos antineoplásicosbusiness.industryprognostic factors:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Antineoplastic Agents::Antibiotics Antineoplastic [Medical Subject Headings]acute promyelocytic leukemiamedicine.diseaseSurgery:Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Nervous System Neoplasms::Central Nervous System Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings]:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]businessIdarubicin
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Patients' and physicians' preferences for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatments in Spain and Portugal: a discrete choice experiment.

2015

Objective: To assess Spanish and Portuguese patients' and physicians' preferences regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatments and the monthly willingness to pay (WTP) to gain benefits or avoid side effects. Methods: An observational, multicenter, exploratory study focused on routine clinical practice in Spain and Portugal. Physicians were recruited from multiple hospitals and outpatient clinics, while patients were recruited from eleven centers operating in the public health care system in different autonomous communities in Spain and Portugal. Preferences were measured via a discrete choice experiment by rating multiple T2DM medication attributes. Data were analyzed using the cond…

:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Portugal [Medical Subject Headings]cardiovascular riskHbA1cendocrine system diseases:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Hypoglycemia [Medical Subject Headings]:Disciplines and Occupations::Health Occupations::Medicine::Public Health [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Occupational Groups::Health Personnel::Physicians [Medical Subject Headings]HbA(1c)HbA:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms::Body Weight::Body Weight Changes::Weight Loss [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases [Medical Subject Headings]preferences:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]diabetesnutritional and metabolic diseasesPeso corporalweightPérdida de peso:Health Care::Health Care Facilities Manpower and Services::Health Facilities::Ambulatory Care Facilities [Medical Subject Headings]Diabetes mellitus tipo 2:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms Digestive::Nausea [Medical Subject Headings]hypoglycemia:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Logistic Models [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms::Body Weight [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Diabetes Mellitus::Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Physiological Effects of Drugs::Hypoglycemic Agents [Medical Subject Headings]Enfermedades cardiovascularesHipoglucemiawillingness to pay:Check Tags [Medical Subject Headings]discrete choice model
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Self-reported antibiotic stewardship and infection control measures from 57 intensive care units: An international ID-IRI survey

2022

Infection control; Multidrug resistance; Stewardship Control de infección; Resistencia a múltiples fármacos; Administración Control d'infecció; Resistència a múltiples fàrmacs; Administració We explored the self-reported antibiotic stewardship (AS), and infection prevention and control (IPC) activities in intensive care units (ICUs) of different income settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to collect data about IPC and AS measures in participating ICUs. The study participants were Infectious Diseases–International Research Initiative (IDI-IR) members, committed as per their institutional agreement form. We analyzed responses from 57 ICUs in 24 countri…

:Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Surveys and Questionnaires [ANALYTICAL DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT]EpidemiologyIntensive Care UnitInfection controlAmerica:acciones y usos químicos::acciones farmacológicas::usos terapéuticos::antiinfecciosos::antibacterianos [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS]Multidrug resistanceCommunicable DiseasesEnquestesPan drug resistanceCommunicable DiseaseAntimicrobial StewardshipSurveys and QuestionnairesAnti-Bacterial AgentHumansMedicaments antibacterians - Ús terapèuticStewardshipSurveys and QuestionnaireSocietyUnitats de cures intensivesCross-Sectional StudieInfection ControlCross InfectionPreventionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Health:técnicas de investigación::métodos epidemiológicos::recopilación de datos::encuestas y cuestionarios [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS]General MedicineMDROAnti-Bacterial AgentsIntensive Care Units:Health Care Facilities Manpower and Services::Health Facilities::Hospital Units::Intensive Care Units [HEALTH CARE]Cross-Sectional StudiesInfectious Diseases:instalaciones servicios y personal de asistencia sanitaria::centros sanitarios::unidades hospitalarias::unidades de cuidados intensivos [ATENCIÓN DE SALUD]:Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Anti-Bacterial Agents [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS]Self ReportMDROsLow- and upper-middle and high incomeHuman
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Recomendaciones en el manejo de la pandemia por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) en pacientes con trasplante renal

2020

The SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic is evolving very quickly and means a special risk for both immunosuppressed and comorbid patients. Knowledge about this growing infection is also increasing although many uncertainties remain, especially in the kidney transplant population. This manuscript presents a proposal for action with general and specific recommendations to protect and prevent infection in this vulnerable population such as kidney transplant recipients. Resumen: La pandemia por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) está evolucionando de manera muy rápida y representa un riesgo especial en pacientes inmunodeprimidos y con comorbilidades añadidas. El conocimiento sobre esta in…

:Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immunocompromised Host [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Urogenital System::Urinary Tract::Kidney [Medical Subject Headings]Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Population030230 surgerylcsh:RC870-923medicine.disease_causeKidney transplant:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Kidney transplantation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine:Health Care::Health Care Quality Access and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Epidemiologic Factors::Comorbidity [Medical Subject Headings]PandemicCOVID-19 ; inmunodeprimido ; trasplante renal ; kidney transplantation ; immunosuppressed ; SARS-CoV-2MedicineVulnerable population030212 general & internal medicineeducationKidney transplantationCoronavirus:Geographical Locations::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]education.field_of_studyInmunodeprimidoSARS-CoV-2business.industry:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Disease Outbreaks::Epidemics::Pandemics [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urologymedicine.diseaseVirology:Diseases::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [Medical Subject Headings]Trasplante renalImmunosuppressedNephrology:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Physiological Effects of Drugs::Immunologic Factors::Immunosuppressive Agents [Medical Subject Headings]Covid-19businessNefrología (English Edition)
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